Tari
Sherakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich - SOVET PIANIST, ELUSLE, MALAMI, Likita tarihin tarihin, ɗayan mahimman kayan tarihin karni na 20.
An haifi Dmitry Cashakovichicch da aka haife shi a watan Satumbar 1906. Yaron yana da 'yan'uwa mata biyu. Dmitry Boeslavovich ta tsohuwar 'yar da Sofia Vasilyevna nestakovichi da ake kira Mariya, an haife ta a watan Oktoba 1903. 'Yar'uwar Dmitry ta karbi sunan Zoya a haihuwa. Loveauna don Music Shostakovich ta gaji daga iyayensa. Shi da 'yan'uwansa sun kasance m. Yara tare da iyayen daga matasa matasa sun zauna a gida impropross.
Dmitry Costakovich tun daga 1915 ya yi nazarin a cikin motsa jiki na kasuwanci, a lokaci guda ya fara halartar darussan na shahararrun makarantar Ignatia albertovich mai shinge. Nazarin sanannen mawaƙa, Shostakovicch ya sami kyawawan ƙwarewar Pianist, amma mai jagoranci bai koyar da abin da ke ciki ba, kuma saurayin ya yi a kansa.
Dmitry da aka ambata cewa Glasser mutumin mutum mai ban sha'awa ne, narcissistic da rashin fahimta. Shekaru uku bayan haka, saurayi ya yanke shawarar barin karatun, ko da yake mahaifiyar ta cancanci wannan hanyar da aka hana wannan. Shostakovich, ko da a wani ƙaramin shekara, bai canza shawararsa ba kuma ya bar makarantar kiɗan.
A cikin ambatosa, mawaki sun ambaci taron daya na 1917, wanda ya karye cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. A shekara ta 11, Shetakovich ya ga kisan Cosesack wanda ya tarar taron jama'ar, ya rushe madāyar mahaifin. A shekara mai tsufa, Ditry, tuna da wannan yaro, ya rubuta wata wasa da ake kira "makullin Maris na ƙwaƙwalwar wadanda ke fama da cutar da ke fama da cutar da wadanda suka shafa."
Ilmi
A shekara ta 1919, Shostakovich ya zama ɗalibin da ya kunnawa. Ilimi ya samu a gare shi a farkon shekarar makaranta ya taimaka wa matasa mai mahimmanci don kawo ƙarshen manyan maganganu na farko - Scherzo Fis-Moll.
A cikin 1920, Dmitrievic ya rubuta Basini Krylov da "Dance guda uku dama" don Piano. Wannan rayuwar matasa mai dangantaka tana da alaƙa da bayyanar Borafyev da VladBachev a cikin kewayensa. Mawaƙa wani bangare ne na "Anna fobgh" da'irar.
Sherakovich ya yi nazarin tukuru, ko da yake ya dandana matsaloli. Lokaci ya yi fama da yunwa da hadaddun. Kwakwalwa na kayan aikin gona na Conservatory ya yi ƙanana, matasa mai fama da yunwa, amma bai bar kiɗa ba. Ya ziyarci Phhoharmononic da azuzuwan, duk da yunwar da sanyi. Babu wani dulama a cikin Conservatory a cikin hunturu, ɗalibai da yawa ba su da lafiya, akwai yanayin mai rauni.
A cikin tunawa da sa, a matsayin sa ya rubuta cewa a wannan lokacin, rauni na zahiri ya tilasta shi ya tafi. Don isa ga Conservatory a kan tram, ya zama dole don matsi da taron waɗanda suke so, yayin da jigilar kaya ya tafi da wuya. Dmitry ya yi rauni sosai saboda wannan, sai ya fito daga gidan a gidan, ya tafi ƙafa.
Shortakovichi da gaske ake buƙata. Halin da ake ciki ya mika mutuwar burodin gidan Dmitlavovich. Don samun wasu kuɗi, Sarain ya zauna don yin amfani da tef a cikin silima "ribbon mai haske". Game da wannan lokacin ne, an sake shi daga abin kyama. Aikin ya kasance mai ƙarancin albashi da gajiya, amma an jure shi, kamar yadda iyalan da gaske ake buƙata.
Wata daya daga baya, an je mai mallakar Cinema Akim Lvolensky's Cinema don samun albashi. Yanayin bai zama mara dadi ba. Maigidan '' Ribbons na haske "Demitan Demitry saboda sha'awar ya sami pennies, sun yarda cewa bai kamata mutane su kula da batun rayuwa ba.
Partangare na jimlar shekara goma sha bakwai, an juya shi, sauran za a iya samu. Bayan wani lokaci, lokacin da Dmitry ya riga ya sami wasu sanannen a da'irar kiɗa, an gayyace shi zuwa maraice na ƙwaƙwalwar Akiim Lvovich. Mawaki ya zo ya raba tunaninsa da kwarewar aiki tare da voleln. Masu shirya maraice sun fungaje.
A cikin 1923, Dmitry Dmitrievich ya yi karatun mai kula da Piano, kuma bayan wani shekaru biyu a cikin aji na abun da ke ciki. Aikin difloma na mawaƙa ne Symthony No. 1. An fara aiwatar da aikin a cikin 1926 a cikin legrad. Firayim Ministan Harkokin Wajen na waje ya faru a shekara daya a Berlin.
Halitta
A cikin talatin na karni na karshe, Shostakoviczai aka gabatar ga magoya bayan kirkirar wasan kwaikwayonsa opera "Lady McBEbet McSky County". A wannan lokacin, ya gama aiki fiye da masu juy kai. A shekara ta 1938, mawaƙin ya kirkiri "Jazz Suite". Mafi shahararrun yanki na wannan aikin shi ne "Waltz A'a. 2".
Fitowar zargi a cikin Seviet Buga Game da kiɗan Sherakovich ya tilasta shi ya sake duba shi a wani aiki. A saboda wannan dalili, Symony na huɗu bai wakilta da jama'a ba. Shostakovicch dakatar da reshesal jim kadan kafin farkon. Jama'a sunji mukaminu na huɗu a cikin shekarun da suka shafi karni na ashirin.
Bayan katangar Leningrad, Dmitry Dmitrievich dauke da wiring da aikin batattu kuma ya fara aiwatar da zane-zanen da aka adana don Poano iyed. A cikin 1946, kofe na Symony na huɗu ga duk kayan aikin da aka samo a cikin tarihin adana takardu. Bayan shekara 15, an gabatar da aikin ga jama'a.
Babban yakin da ke da kishin kasa ya sami Shostakovich a cikin Leningrad. A wannan lokacin, mai motsa jiki ya fara aiki ne a waƙa ta bakwai. Barin ya hana Lengrad, Dmitry Dmitrievich ya dauki matakin karshe na makomar. Syiyon Syga Bakwai na Bakwai Honorewa. An fi sani da shi a matsayin "Lengerad". Symphony ya fara cika a cikin KUBYSHEV a watan Maris 1942.
Ofarshen War Shosakovich alama ce ta alamar shekara ta tara. Precewararta ta faru a cikin Lingrad a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 1945. Shekaru uku daga baya, mai motsi yana cikin mawaƙa waɗanda suka zo Ofal. An gane kiɗansa a matsayin "mutanen Soviet na wani." Shortakovicch ne aka hana taken farfesa ya samu a 1939.
Bayar da wahayi na lokaci, Dmitry Dmitrievich a 1949 aka gabatar ga wakar Cantatu "da gandun daji". Babban aikin shine yabon Tarayyar Soviet da kuma murmurewa mai rauni a cikin shekarun bayan shekaru. Cantata ta kawo mawuyacin zuwa kyautar Stalin da kyakkyawar wurin masu sukar da hukuma.
A shekara ta 1950, wani mawaƙa wahayi zuwa ta ayyukan Bach da shimfidar wurare na Leipzig ya fara wani ɓangare na 24 da fuguutar da fuguues ga Piano. Syetwry Dmitrievich a 1953, bayan katsewa na shekara takwas a aiki a kan mawuyacin aiki.
Shekara daga baya, mai masarufi ya haifar da saduwa da magana ta sha ɗaya, sunan "1905". A cikin rabin na biyu na hamsin, mawuyacin zurfin zurfafa zuwa kayan aikin kayan aikin. Kiɗansa ya zama mafi bambancin yanayi da yanayi.
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwarsa, Shetatakovich ya rubuta karin magana hudu. Ya kuma zama marubucin ayyukan murya da yawa da kirtani. Aikin karshe na Cathakovich ya kasance Sonata ga Viola da Piano.
Rayuwar sirri
Mutanen da ke kusa da mahangar sun tuna cewa rayuwarsa ta fara ba tare da nasara ba. A cikin 1923, Dmitry sun hadu da wata yarinya mai suna Tatiana Gylinee. Matasa sun ji jita juna, amma safiyo, da bukatar, basu da hukunci don yin jumla mai faɗi. Yarinyar da ta kasance shekara 18, sami wata ƙungiya dabam. Shekaru uku bayan haka, lokacin da ake ba da shawarar Tatiana ta ba shi shawarar mijinta, amma ƙaunataccen ya ƙi.
Bayan ɗan lokaci, shi ne matsafa masa. Nina ya zaba Var. Matar ta ba da Dmitry Dritrievah ashirin shekaru ashirin da haihuwa ya kuma haife shi da yara biyu. A cikin 1938, Shostakoviczh ya zama Uba a karon farko. Yana da ɗa maxim. Yaro mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin dangi shine 'yar Galina. Matar Farko ta Shetakiovich sun mutu a 1954.
Mawaki sun yi aure sau uku. Aure na biyu ya juya ya zama mai sauri, Margarita Kaarrakovich bai gwada haruffan ba kuma da sauri ya ba da kisan aure.
A karo na uku da makiyaya tayi aure a 1962. Matar mawaƙa ta zama Irina Supininskaya. Matar ta uku tana kula da ita ce ta aurenta cikin aminci a shekarun rashin lafiya.
Ciwo
A karo na biyu na rabin sittin, Dmitry Dmitrievich ya yi rashin lafiya. Cutarsa ba tabbatacce ga ganewar asali, da likitocin Soviet kawai diluted da hannayensu. Matar mai mawuyacin da aka ambata cewa an nada mijinta darussan bitamin don rage girman cigaban cutar, amma cutar ta ci gaba.
Sherakovich sun sha wahala daga Carcot (ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa). Yunkurin warkar da makami ya sanya ƙwararrun Amurkawa da likitocin Soviet. Dangane da shawarar Rostrovich, Shostakovich sun tafi Kurgan don liyafar zuwa Dr. Ilizarov. Likita ya gabatar da wani lokaci da ya taimaka na ɗan lokaci. Cutar ta ci gaba da ci gaba. Sherakovich da ya yi ƙoƙari da cutar, ya yi caji na musamman, sun karye magunguna da agogo. Consullationasarsa ta kasance mai ban sha'awa zuwa shagaluna. A cikin hoton waɗancan shekarun, ana nuna mahimmin abu tare da matar sa.
A shekarar 1975, Dmitrievich da matarsa suka tafi Lengerad. Akwai kifada, a kan abin da aka yiwa soyayyar sa'ar sa. Mai zane ya manta ya fara mamaki sosai. Bayan dawo da gida, mata ta haifar da "motar asibiti" ga mijinta. Sherakovic ne ya gano bugun zuciya kuma ya ɗauki mawuyaci zuwa asibiti.
Rayuwar Dmitry Dmitrievich ta fashe a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, 1975. A wannan rana, zai kalli matar 'yan wasan kwallonsa a filin wasa. Dmitry da aka aiko Irina ta mail, kuma lokacin da ta dawo, matar ta riga ta mutu.
An binne mawaki a makabarta na Novevichic.