Tari
Matilda Kssilaskaya ba wai ɗan ballararsa bane kawai wanda dabarar ta ce ta wuce karfin rayuwar masu zaman kansu. Tana daya daga cikin mutane masu tasiri na marigayi xix - farkon xx karni. Misali na mahimmancin shi ne kalmomin kwamandan Madaukaki-Cons na Babban Babban Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, lokacin da sojojin Rasha ta sha wahala da yawa daga rashin bawo, tunda sashen manyan bindigogi yana shafar tsarin umarni da ke shafar mahimman umarni tsakanin kungiyoyi daban-daban.
An haifi Matilda Khesinskaya an haifeshi a ranar 31 ga Agusta, 1872 a cikin wani dangi mai kirkira. Mahaifaya - Rasha Khessky, fitarwa daga Poland Nikolay In da mafi kyawun mai aikatawa na Mazurka ice. Uwa - Yulia tana kan mata bala'in kankara. 'Yar'uwa Matali - Ballerina Yulia Ksesinskaya (da ake kira "ksesinskaya 1St", a cikin auren Zedader), dan uwan Zedader), dan uwan Zedader), dan uwan juna ya zama Joshph Ksesinsk.
Yarinyar ta shiga makarantar wasan kwaikwayo na ajie kuma a cikin 1890 ya ƙare da shi. A wa'adi, duk dangin sarki sun halarci, kuma a mafiatin kurssiinskaya sat kusa da magaji zuwa kursiyin zuwa kursiyin zuwa kursiyin, Nikolai. Sai Alexander III, da jin daɗi, bi motsin Matalin Matra, ya faɗi kalmomi masu tsayi:
"Madmoiselle! Kasance ado da tasirin ballar mu! ".An karbe Matilda a cikin Troupan wasan kwaikwayo na Marisky, a mataki na sarki na Ksesinskaya 2nd (1st a hukumance sun kira 'yar'uwar Yulia) ta rawa shekara 27.
Kulawa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Marisky
Matilda Ksesinskaya dancing a cikin ballet marius marius paripa da Livanova (wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin malamanta a makarantar). Farkon wasan Ksesinsky - Fairy Dragee a cikin "Outcracker", yana mutuwa a cikin sunan nan, Nadia a "Bayadiya".
Bayan da ya fita zuwa Italiya, Karilta na Brianz ya tafi mata rawar gimbiya aurora a cikin ballet "Beauty Beauth".
Bayan shekaru 6 na aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayon, an ba da matsayin "Prima-Ballerina Sheraters", duk da ƙayana na babban filin wasan Paripa. A cewar wasu rahotanni, haɗin gwiwa ne a farfajiyar wanda ya taimaka wa sosai daga cikin Hierar Hiiretchy.
Saboda shi, ana isar da wasu 'yan kwalliya, waɗanda aka baya ba a haɗa su cikin jerin kayan gado ba. Misali, a shekarar 1894, a ranar aure na Babban Duchitess na Kesiennia, Alexandrovna da Make Duke Alexander Mikhailovich, an gabatar da flora ", da" farkawa na flora ", an gabatar da" farkawa da babban jam'iyyar ksheshin.
Duk da matsayin dagewa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo, Matilda Kesin a koyaushe yana inganta dabarar ta, tun da 1898 ziyarar masu zaman kansu daga sanannen malami enrico Chekketney. Ta zama muhimmin balerina na Rashanci wanda ke yin 32 a jere a mataki.
A cikin 1904, Matilja Ksesinskaya ta ce da nasa bukatar daga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Marisky da kuma bayan fa'idodin sun wuce bisa ga tushen kwarjaba. Ta sami kayan 500 na ruble don kowane fice zuwa mataki, kuma daga baya biya ya karu zuwa 750 rubles.
Ballerina ya sha-akai ya ce, 'Yan kwararrun masu fasaha na iya yin wani abu, ba shi da wata hanya cewa an gayyace shi zuwa ga wasan kwaikwayon Mikhail Fokin: "Koda" (1907), "Eros" (1915) .
Rikici
Matilda KsheShinskaya cikin kowane hanya mai yiwuwa tsayayya da gayyatar zuwa ga gasashe na ballali na kasashen waje. Ta yi kokarin tabbatar da dukkan hanyoyin da ballinas na Rasha sun cancanci manyan ayyuka, yayin da yawancinsu aka ba su ga masu fasaha na kasashen waje.
Italiyanci Ballerina Zein Legyani ya kasance yana da hadawa, wanda duk da yanayin Khesing, wanda ya yi aiki a wasan kwaikwayo na Marisky shekara takwas. Amma tasirin Matilda bai tsaya darektan masu wasan kwaikwayo na Yarima Volkonky ba, wanda ya bar gidan wasan kwaikwayon bayan ƙi don mayar da tsohuwar wasan kwaikwayon "Catarina, 'yar ɗakuna". Babbar mai tasiri mai mahimmanci wacce ake kira ta tuntuɓe na kwat da wando don rawar Rasha daga wasan Rasha.
A cikin 1899, burinta na tsaye - Marius Petipov yana ba mata wata ƙungiya ta Emmeralda, kuma tun daga nan ta kasance tun daga wannan rawar da ke mallaki abokan aikinsu. Kafin Matilda, ana yin wannan tsari na musamman Italiyanci.
Baya ga Balleriinas na kasashen waje, "mafi munin abokin gaba" Ksesinskaya ya yi la'akari da mai shirya "lokatai na Rasha" "sergey dyagilev. Ya kira ta ta yi a London, wanda ya jawo hankalin Matilde da yawa fiye da Paris. A saboda wannan, mai dadi'allina ya kamata ya yi amfani da haɗi da "Punch" don yin magana da kasuwancinta don Nizinkgg, wanda ya zama wajibi. Don jawabin Kssisa, zaɓaɓɓen tafkin SWAN, ba shi ne kwatsam - da Lyagilev ya sami damar amfani da ita.
Ba a cika ƙoƙarin da nasara ba. Haka kuma, dyagilev ya yi fushi saboda hudani game da dokar, sai bawa ya miƙa shi a hankali ya miƙa masa don guba ballerina.
Rayuwar sirri
Rayuwar rayuwar Matilda KSSHIN ita ce mafi kyawun abin tunawa fiye da yadda ƙwararrun ayyukan ballerina. Maƙasudin ta a hankali a haɗa su da wakilan daular Romanov.
An yi imanin cewa daga 1892 zuwa 1894 ita ce uwargidan Cesarelai Alexandrovich. Bayan sani, dangantakar su ta kai a kai a kai tana bunkasa cikin sauri, ko da yake kowa yana sane cewa littafin yana da ƙarshen farin ciki. Don yin biyayya da ƙwararrun Khessinkaya, an sayi wani mutum a cikin ɗakunan turanci na Ingilishi, inda suka hadu ba tare da wani tsangwama ba.
"Ka kasance cikin soyayya da magaji daga taron farko. Bayan bazara a cikin Red Selo, lokacin da na iya haduwa da magana da shi, jinina ya cika da shi ... ", in ji shi kawai ya rubuta cewa matilja mai ɗorewa.Dalilin rikice-rikice na dangantakar da ya faru tare da makomar Nikolai II ce ta kasance ta kasancewar jikan Sarauniya Victoria Alice Hese-Darmstadt a watan Afrilu 1894.
A kan wannan, halartar kai tsaye na Ballerina a cikin rayuwar gidan sarauta ba ya kare - Matilda Khesinskaya ya kunshi Mikhailovich da Andrei Vladimirovich. A ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 1911, a gaban kalami mafi girma, mai zaman kansa "Sergeevich" ya karbi ɗanta Vladimir, an haife ɗa a watan Yuni 18, 1902 a cikin Treelna. A cikin danginsa, an kira shi kawai "Vova", kuma ya karɓi sunan "Krasinsky".
Janairu 17, 1921 a cikin Cannes a cikin kwastan Malchel-Mikhailoinsskaya auren Mikhilinich, wanda ya dauko danta kuma ya ba da sunan ta kuma ya ba da sunan ta kuma ya ba da sunan ta. A shekarar 1925, Matilda Felixesn ya koma daga Katolika a cikin Orthodoxy tare da sunan Maryamu.
A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, 1926, dan uwan Nikolai II kirl Vladimirovich ya sanya ta zuwa ga zuriyar Romanovsky-Krasky.
A cikin hijira
A watan Fabrairu 1917, Kheskaya, tare da dansa, an tilasta masa yawo a cikin gidajen wani - wani gidan da ya juya zuwa ga "hedikwatar shugaban Lenin" da kuma gidaje. Ta yanke shawarar zuwa Kisslovodsk zuwa ga Yarima Andrei Vladimirovich a cikin begen komawa gida da wuri.
"A cikin raina ya yi yaƙi da farin ciki ganin Andrei da jin daɗin lamiri, wanda na bar Sergey shi kadai a cikin babban birnin, wanda ya kasance cikin hatsarin koyaushe. Bugu da kari, yana da wahala a gare ni in dauki yaƙin daga gare shi, wanda ba shi da kalubalu, "in ji kshein.
13 ga Yuli, 1917 Tana barin ɗan anrakrad har abada.
A farkon 1918, da Khesinsinskaya tare da Vova, a matsayin 'yan gudun hijirar, suna kan Anapa ga hukuncin uwa Andrei, babban Princessss Maryamu pavlovna. 1919 aka yi a cikin wani dan Adam a wani kwantar da hankalin Kislovodsk, daga ina, a kan jirgin kasa daga motoci 2, 'yan gudun hijirar suka tafi ga novensishsk. Abin sha'awa, maria pavlovna ta rashed a farkon aji, yayin da aka ba da Mattilda tare da VOVA ta uku.
Yanayin rayuwa ya ci gaba da lalacewar - makonni 6 mafi girma mafi girma ya rayu kai tsaye a cikin wagons yayin da'irar Raw Lepauki mutane. Sai suka tashi daga Novorasissk da karɓar takardar izinin Faransa. 12 (25) Maris 19.22 Iyakarsu suka isa wurin D'Ai, Villa ta tashi.
A cikin 1929, Matilda Ksesinskaya ya bude filin Studio a Paris. Malamin Khesinsky an rarrabe shi da kwanciyar hankali mai nutsuwa - ba ta taɓa ɗaukar muryarsa zuwa ga ranka ba.
Films da Littattafai
Tarihin ilimin Matilda Khensinsky yana da arziki a cikin abubuwan da sanannun mutane - batun ana haskakawa cikin fasaha. Don haka, a cikin littafin labari "jirgin ruwa, ko na ƙarshe na litattafan litattafai" daga jerin "Kasada na Fandorin" Boris Akunin ya bayyana shirye-shiryen Sarki Nicholas II. Ofaya daga cikin haruffan - Isabella Felienientovna Snezhnevskaya, jigon wanda shine Matilda Felixesna da kanta.A wani aiki, Matilda kshesinskaya hanya ce mai mahimmanci. A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2017, sabon hoto na malamin Alexilta za a gabatar, wanda ya haifar da silishin jama'a kafin a fara. A makircin fim din yana cikin dangantakar Kshesinsky tare da Cesarevich Nikolai Alexandrovich, na gaba Semperor Nikolai II.
Abin kunya ya tashi bayan sakin na farko trailer na farko, dauke da al'amura na batsa yanayi tare da halartar masu aiwatarwa na babban aikin Mikhahin olshansky da Lars na Mikharin.
Hukumar zirga-zirga na jama'a "Tsarsky giciye" zargi da masu zanen zane a cikin "murdiya na abubuwan da suka faru da tarihi" da "antiralisiguous torformation a fagen al'adu." Wannan ya haifar da Natalia Poklonskaya, da aka sani saboda bautar Nikolai II, tuntuɓar Babban Ofishin General tare da bukatar duba kayan.
Bincike bai bayyana keta ba, amma ya ƙaddamar da jerin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da kuma zargin lambobin almara, 'yan siyasa da masu yin fim.
Mutuwa
Yana da shekara 86, shekaru 13 da haihuwa har mutuwa, Matilda Felixesna ksesinskaya ya ga mafarki da ɗaukakar cocin game da ado da daukaka ballet na Rasha. Waɗancan safiya ce ta yanke shawarar rubuta abin tunawa, sun tallafa wa labulen asirin KsheSinsky.
Tunawa da Matilda Khesinskaya an buga a shekarar 1960 a Paris a cikin Faransanci. A cikin Rasha, an buga aikin ne kawai a 1992.
Wani ingantaccen Ballyina ya rayu rayuwa mai tsawo - ta mutu yana da shekara 99 a 'yan watanni kafin karni, Disamba 5, 1971.
An binne jikinsa a St. Geneva de hurumi a cikin yankin Paris a kabari guda tare da matansa da ɗa. Ana amfani da efit ɗin ga abin tunawa: "Gimbiya mai shiru Maria Felixesna Romanovskaya-Krasinskaya, girmama zane na Theaterskaya."