Tari
All-Russian Sarkin sarakuna Alexander Aleksandrovich Romanov aka haife kan Fabrairu 26 (bisa ga tsohon style) na 1845, a St. Petersburg a Anichkov Palace. Mahaifinsa shi ne Sarkin Admin Reader Reemaser II, da mahaifiyar - sarauniya Sara Alexandrovna. Yaron yana kan yaro na uku a cikin iyali, a cikin iyali, a cikin ɗayan yara biyar ma sun haife su. Babban ɗan'uwansa Nicholas yana shirya wa sarki, kuma Alexander ya shirya ta hanyar aikin soja.
A cikin ƙuruciya, Kesarevich ya tsunduma ba da yawan himma sosai, kuma malamin bai cika shi ba. A cikin Memo na zamani, matasa Alexander bai da hankali sosai, amma ya mallaki murya da kyautar tunani.
Nerav Alexander ya kasance mai jin kunya kuma yana jin kunya, kodayake adadi sananne ne: lokacin da ya yi tsayi a cikin 193 cm, nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 120. Duk da muryarsa, saurayin da yake ƙauna art. Ya dauki darussan zanen Farfesa Tikhodova kuma ya shiga kiɗan. Alexander ya fasa wasan a kan tagulla da kayan aikin iska na katako. Bayan haka, zai tallafa wa fasaha sosai game da fasahar gida da kuma isasshen unpretentiousniousness na yau da kullun zai tattara kyakkyawan aiki na ayyuka. Kuma a wasan kwaikwayon masu aiki tare da hasken haskensa, oporas Rashanci da Ballast za su fara saka mafi yawan Turai sau da yawa Turai.
Cesarevichi Nikolai da Alexander sun kasance kusa da juna. Yaro ya yi jayayya cewa ba kusa da wani kusa ba kuma ƙaunace shi, sai dai Nicholas. Saboda haka, lokacin da a cikin 1865, magajin magada a Italiya ya daɗe ba zai mutu ba kuma ba zai iya ɗaukar wannan rashi na dogon lokaci ba. Bugu da kari, ya juya cewa shi ne ya zama mai nema don kursiyin, wanda Alexander ya kasance a shirye.
Sakin samari na samari a wani batun ya zo tsoratarwa. An nada saurayi cikin gaggawa a matsayin karatun karatun na musamman wanda Konstantin Victoria ya karanta shi. Bayan hasashen Mulkin, Alexander zai sa mai ba da shawara malamin shi zai tuntube shi har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Wani mataimakin Zesarevich an nikoavich Xoulayrovich, wanda saurayin ya yi tafiya zuwa Rasha.
Bikin aure akan kursiyin
A farkon Maris 1881, bayan wani kisan, Emperor Alexander II, Sarkinander Alexander Ii ya mutu, kuma da gaggawa ya nemi ɗansa ga karaga. Bayan watanni biyu, sabon sarki ya sanya jama'a "Manifesto a kan guni a cikin mulkin mallaka", wanda aka gabatar duk canje-canje duk canje-canje da Ubansa da Ubansa ya kafa.
Asiri na bikin aure ga Mulkin da ya faru daga baya - A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 1883 a cikin zato na Moscow Kremphy. A zamanin mulkin, sai sarki ya koma fadar a Gatchina.
Tattararren Cikin Gida Alexander III
Alexander Iiiii ya yi kira ga ka'idodi da kishin kasa, ayyukanta a cikin siyasarsa za a iya kiran yaudara. Sarkin farko da farko sun sanya hannu kan hukuncin da aka aiko kan aminci ministocin masu sassaucin ra'ayi. Daga cikinsu akwai Prince Konstantin Nikolaevich, M. T. Loris -elikova, D. A. Meluutin, A. A. Abaza. Ya yi K. P VicCarewa, N. Ignatieva, D. A. Tolstoy, M. N. Katkova ta manyan siffofin muhallinsu.
A cikin 1889, ɗan siyasa siyasa da ba da kudi. Welte, wanda Alexander Alexandrovich ba da daɗewa ba Ministar Kudi da Ministan sadarwa ba da daɗewa ba. Sergey Yulievich ya yi da yawa don babban Rasha. Ya gabatar da ruble tare da ajiyar zinare na kasar, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga karfafa kudin Rasha a kasuwar duniya. Wannan ya haifar da cewa kwararar babban birnin harkokin waje zuwa cikin daular Rasha ta karu, kuma tattalin arzikin ya fara bunkasa a cikin karfafa tafiyar da shi. Bugu da kari, ya yi abubuwa da yawa don ci gaba da kuma gini babbar hanyar Siber-Siber-Siber-Siberian, wanda har yanzu shine kawai hanyar da za a haɗa Vlariivostok tare da Moscow.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa ga masu barwa Alexander III na da 'yancin samun ilimi da damar da za su dauki rance don fadada aikinsu da karfafa matsayinsu a duniya. Ga manyan mutane, sarki ya kuma gabatar da ƙuntatawa. Tuni a cikin shekarar farko ta hukumar, ya soke dukkan wasu karin biyan kudi daga gidan sarauta gwargwado, kuma ya yi da yawa da za a kawar da rashawa.
Alexander III ya karfafa saka idanu diddigin ɗalibai, kafa iyaka akan yawan ɗaliban Yahudawa a duk cibiyoyin ilimi, ɗaure da takunkumi. Slogan ya zama kalmar: "Russia ga Russia." A bayan da daular, ya sanar tsinkaye aiki.
Alexander III ya yi abubuwa da yawa don masana'antar mitalladdals da ci gaban ma'adanan mai da gas. Tare da shi, boom na ainihi ya fara inganta lafiyar jama'ar, kuma barazanar ta'addanci ta tsaya gaba ɗaya. Na yi masu yawan kuzari da kuma na Orthodoxy. Tare da allon sa, yawan diocese ya karu, sababbin mutane-mutane da gidajen ibada. A cikin 1883, ɗayan nau'ikan tsarin da aka gina - cocin Kristi Mai Ceto.
A cikin zangon, bayan mulkinsa, Alexander III ya bar kasar da tattalin arziki mai karfi.
Alexander III manufofin kasashen waje
Emperor Alexander III tare da hikimarsa a cikin kasashen waje na ayyukan ƙasashen waje da rigakafin ya shiga labarin a matsayin mai zaman lafiya. Amma a lokaci guda bai manta da arfafa gwiwa ya karfafa ikon karfafa ikon sojojin ba. A karkashin Alexandra III, rundunar russian ta zama na uku bayan francely france da Burtaniya.
Sarkin ya yi nasarar kiyaye dangantakar shuru tare da dukkan manyan abokan hamayya. Ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyi zaman lafiya tare da Jamus, kuma ya karfafa fadin Franco-Rasha a kan duniya.
A lokacin mulkinsa, aikin sa na bude an kafa shi, kuma shugabannin kasar Turai sun fara dogara ga King na Rasha, a matsayin mai ilimi mai hikima, a warware dukkan batutuwan masu rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi.
Rayuwar sirri
Bayan mutuwar magajin Nicholas, yana da amarya, Danish Princess Dagmar. Nan da nan ya juya cewa saurayi Alexander shima ya ƙaunace ta. Kuma ko da yake ɗan lokaci sai ya kula da Fortina, Yarima Maria Meshcherskaya, Alexander yana da shekara 21 yana sa tayin Mariya Sophia Frederic. Don haka a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, rayuwar sirri ta Alexander ta canza, abin da bai yi nadama daga baya ba.
Bayan asirin bikin aure, wanda aka gudanar a cikin babban coci na fadar hunturu, mazaunan matasa suka koma Anicander na Alexander don kursiyin.
A cikin dangin Alexandrovich da matarsa, Mary Fedorovna, waye, da dukkanin sarakunan kasashen waje, sun yarda da Orthodoxy kafin aure, biyar daga cikinsu sun rayu kafin tsufa.
Babban Nikolai zai zama King na Rasha ta Rasha ta Rasha daga daular daular Romanov. Daga yara ƙanana - Alexander, George, George, Mikhail, Olga - 'yan' mata su ne zuwa tsufa. Alexander zai mutu yana da shekara shekara guda ɗaya, Georgy zai mutu a cikin ƙuruciyarsa daga matattararsa, da Mikhail zai raba makomar ɗan'uwan - za a harbe shi.
Sarkin ya kawo 'ya'yansa masu tsayaki. Tufafinsu da abinci mai gina jiki sun fi sauƙi. 'Yan'uwan sarauta sun yi aiki a darasin jiki, suka karbi ilimi mai kyau. Iyalan sun yi amfani da zaman lafiya da yarda, da mata da yara sau da yawa leveled zuwa Denmark zuwa ga dangi.
Yunkurin da ba a samu ba
A ranar 1 ga Maris, 1887, an gudanar da wani yunƙurin da ba a samu ba a rayuwar sarki. Daliban da suka nuna osipanov ya zama mahalarta a cikin maƙarƙashiyar, Vasily Janar, Pakhomy Andreyhkin da Alexander Ulyanov. Duk da koyarwar watanni da yawa na aikin ta'addanci a karkashin jagorancin Peter Shevyreva, matasa sun kasa yin da aka yi cikin zaton. 'Yan sanda da watanni biyu suka kama wasu hudun, sun kashe ta hanyar rataye a sansanin soja na Shlisselburg.
Da yawa mahalarta na juyin juya halin juyin juya hali, wanda aka kama su biyo bayan 'yan ta'adda, an tura shi zuwa dogon lokaci.
Mutuwa
Shekara bayan yunƙurin a cikin rayuwar sarki, wani mummunan taron ya faru: Jirgin kasa wanda Alexander yake tafiya da kuma danginsa ya fadi a ƙarƙashin Kharkov. A wani bangare na kayan da aka yi ya maida, ya mutu. Rufin sansanin da aka yiwa Royal ma'aikata, babban sarki da aka gudanar na dogon lokaci tare da nasa tsawon minti 30. Ta wannan ya ceci duk waɗanda suke kusa da shi. Amma irin wannan ci gaba da gurnani lafiyar sarki. Alexander Alexandrovic ya fara koda koda, wanda a hankali ya ci gaba.
A farkon hunturu na 1894, sarki yayi sanyi sosai kuma ya ji dadi sosai bayan watanni shida. Wani Farfesa na magani daga Jamus Ernst Leiden, wanda ya kamu da nasarar nephropathy daga Alexandrovich, ana kiranta. A kan shawarar likita, sai sarki ya aika zuwa Girka, amma a kan hanyar da ya yanke shawarar zama a cikin Livadia a Crimea.
A cikin watan Bogati Zaman jama'a, Sarkin Ugas a cikin duka a gaban idanu da kuma saboda cikakken gazawar koda ya mutu a kan Nuwamba 1, 1894. A cikin watan da ya gabata, ikirarin John (Yanishev), da kuma Archrivest John Sergiev, a nan gaba, nan gaba, ya kamu da rauni.
Bayan rabin sa'o'i bayan mutuwar Alexander III, ɗansa Nicholas rantsuwa da mulkin. An gabatar da akwatin gawa tare da jikin Sarkin ya kai petersburg da kuma za a binne shi a cikin Cathedral Cathedral.
Hoton sarki a cikin fasaha
Game da Alexandra III ba littattafai da yawa kamar sauran masu sihiri-cin nasara. Wannan ya faru saboda kwanciyar hankali kuma baya rikici. An ambaci mutuminsa a wasu litattafan tarihi waɗanda aka keɓe ga dangin Romanov.
A cikin Takaddun gaske, bayani game da shi an gabatar dashi ne a cikin ribbons da yawa na 'yan jaridar Panilov da Leonid Parfienov. Fina-zane wanda Alexander III halayyar ta halarci, ya fara bayyana tun 1925. A cikin duka, an buga zane-zane 5 ciki har da "bakin teku na rayuwa", wanda mai zaman lafiya-kiyaye rai Zolotukhin, wanda Nikita Mikhalkov ya yi nikita Mikhalkov.
Fim na ƙarshe, wanda gwarzo na Alexander III ya bayyana, shine hoton Alexe Maroze Matilda. A cikinta, sarki ya taka leda Gergeh.