Tari
Mariya Alexandrovna ta gaba Maria, matar Emperor Alexander II, an haife shi ranar 274 a Darmstadt. Iyayenta sun kasance duke na Ludwig II Hessian da Babban Duchess Maria Wilhelma Badenskaya. Yarinyar da aka ba yarinyar da ta fifia augustus Sofia Hessan da Prievinskaya.
A farfajiyar, jita-jita suna yada cewa 'yar da aka haife ta ce ta wata kyakkyawar' yar uwa da Baron August na Sannarkelen de Granchi. Amma don hana jita-jita, duke na hitse ya gane yarinyar ba da izinin Mariya da kuma belander Alexander nasa ya ba su sunan mahaifinsa. Yara sun zauna tare da mahaifiyarta a cikin fadar a Heiligenberg.
Firist na Furotesta coci na Cimmerman ya tsunduma cikin rikicin Maryamu, tun lokacin da mahaifiyarta ta mutu lokacin da yarinyar take da shekara 12 kawai. Daga ƙaunatattun Maryamu, ɗan'uwan ɗan'uwana kawai sun kasance. Mahaifin da bai dace ba ba su halarci karamin gidan hamada ba kuma yaran ba su da sha'awar. Shekarun da aka haɓaka a cikin tsare sirri na sirri yana bayanin kwantar da hankali kuma ba kamar yanayin gimbiya ba. Ba ta son kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya da al'ummomin zamantakewa masu zaman jama'a, duka a samari da girma.
Rayuwar sirri
Yana da shekaru 14, tarihin rayuwar Gurgcess ya canza har abada. A cikin daya daga cikin ziyarar zuwa gidan Opera na gida, Alex Tsearevich Alexander ya gana da Darmstadt. Duk da cewa Princess Hessénskaya bai shigar da jerin amarya Turai ba ga Hiir na Rasha, ya soke tare da jin daɗin rayuwa daidai. Mariya ta amsa masa da jimlar. Na dogon lokaci, iyayensa sun saba wa takarar gimbiya saboda asalinta. Amma Sonan ya kasance m.
Mariya Fedorovna, mahaifiyar Alexander, har ma ta zo taron mutum tare da Mariya zuwa Jamus. Mummunan yarinyar da ba tsammani ba a taɓa son surukin uwar gaba ba, kuma ta amince da yin aure. Shekaru biyu, an yanke shawarar jinkirta da bikin aure dangane da matasa na amarya. A wancan lokacin ta yi nasarar samun ta'aziyya a Rasha. Hukuncin Jamusawa da aka yi wa Orthodoxy, yana maye gurbin ainihin sunansa zuwa Rasha - Mariya Alexandrovna, bayan wanda ya raunata da Zesarevich. A cikin bazara na 1841, Mariya da Alexander suna da alhakin cocin Cathedral na fadar tsarfoye.
Majalisa na sarki
A cikin 1856, yana da shekara 32, Mariya Alexandrovna, tare da matansa, ya shiga Al'arshi. Jajima ta faru a cikin babban cocin zato na Budurwa Moskovsky Kremlin. Amma bayan ƙarshen kursiyin, da sabon hoto na dangin Romanov ya guji ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru. Ta fi son jama'a tazara, kuma ta kuma yi magana da yawa tare da malamai.
Yawancin wakilai na mafi girma al'umma da aka ambata sabani da mulkin sa. Wasu alexandrovna ne Alexandrovna na karamar shiga cikin al'amuran share hukuncen mulkin kasashen waje da na gida. Amma mutane da yawa na yanzu da gaske sun yaba da rawar da ta yi a ci gaban jama'ar Rasha. Dangane da rufewar Freilina Profcheva, Mariya Alexandrovna dauke da babban giciye na bauta wa mutane Rasha.
Nasara na plress
Ba shi yiwuwa a yi watsi da sakamakon ayyukan Sarauniyar Sarauniyar Mary Alexandrovna kuma, sama da duk, rawar da ta fara aiki a lokacin yakin Rasha-Turkish.
Wafa, Adana kan tashi zuwa Turai da kuma a yawan kayayyaki, suna zuba kudaden da dangin Soyayya don neman sojoji, da kuma sha'awar marayu da gwauraye. A halinsunsa, an tura mutane da yawa na likitocinsu zuwa ga Balkans don taimakawa 'yan uwan slavs a cikin mamayawar Turkiya. A karkashin gudanar da mulkin a duk faɗin kasar, sabbin mutane da mafaka suka bude.
Maria Alexandrovna ya taka rawa sosai a cikin sake fasalin ilimi. Tare da shi, ya sami cibiyoyin ilimi 2, game da makarantu na 40, fiye da cibiyoyin ilimi na ilimi. Sarauniyar ta ba da gudummawa ga sabon murkushe a cikin kungiyar ilimin mata, wanda aka samar da kudade akan hanyar sadaka.
A karkashin aikinta, masana kimiyya K. d. Shushinsky ta ciji da yawa daga cikin hanyoyin da aka shirya na zamani, wanda duk dakunan motsa jiki na lokacin an yi shi. Wani shirin Ilimi na farko ya fara hada da abubuwan dokokin Allah, Rasha, Geolography, tarihi, tsaftacewa, ilmin lissafi, motsa jiki. An magance 'yan matan da ke ba da cikakken' yan mata masu amfani da gida. A matakin qarshe, tushe na kimiyyar lissafi, an kara algebirin da geometry.
Patfized parrfer da babban fasaha. Da shi, ginin gidan Mariyarsky ya gina ginin, wanda ya yi aiki koyaushe ya goyi bayan babban matakin ƙwararru da kuma wakiltar Rasha a fagen fama a fagen fama da kasa. Wasan kwaikwayon gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya kafa, ya nufi na almara Ballerina agripina Vaguv a cikin 'yan shekaru. An kiyaye waɗannan cibiyoyin akan kuɗaɗen kuɗi Mariya Alexandrovna.
Babban gudummawa ta sanya sarauniya ga masu 'yan wasa, a cikin kowace hanya goyon bayan sake fasalin mijinta.
Iyali
Mafi mahimmancin nasarar nasarar da kamfanin sawun shi ne ta ba da Rasha babban adadin magada. A aure tare da Alexander II Maria ne Alexandrovna ya haifi 'ya'ya maza guda shida, mata biyu. A farkon farkon aure, dangi na sarki ya dandana mummunan bala'i - yana da shekaru 7 daga meningis, babbar 'yarsu Alexander ya mutu. Ma'aurata matasa sun yi makoki asarar dogon lokaci.
Wani hatsin mahaifiyar shine ƙarshen ɗan farin-ƙaunataccen Sonan Nikolai, wanda ke shirya wa magada na kursiyin. A shekarar 1865, yana da shekara 22, Zesarevich ya mutu daga lalacewar kashin baya. Hakan ya faru kwatsam, kuma bayan jakier maria Alexandrovna ya riga ya rasa sha'awa a rayuwa har abada. Sonan ɗa, Alexander, a cikin kudurin da aka shirya a kan kursiyin, kuma ƙarshe ya sami damar zama ɗaya daga cikin masu hikima da sarakunan da ke son zaman lafiya a kan kursiyin Rasha.
Dan kasar Sanda Sergey ya bambanta kansa a matsayin gwamnan Moscow, waɗanda suka yi aure a lokacinsa a Gimbiya Elizabeth Fedorovna. Bayan haka, suka fadi daga hannun Bolshevikak: Sergey a cikin 1905, da Elizabeth - a shekarar 1918. Wani 'ya'yan Mariya guda uku Alexandrovna, Vladimir, Alexey da Bulus, sun rike matsayin sojoji. 'Yar Maryamu ta aurta Edinburgh, dan Sarauniya Victoria, ta hanyar ta karfafa dangantakar Biritaniya ta Burtaniya.
Addini
Mariya Alexandrovna wani mutum ne mai daraja. Ta haɗu da mafi kyawun fasali na ma'aikatar Furotesta ga mutane da zurfin bangaskiyar Orthodox. Empress ɗin ya yi nazarin ayyukan uba na tsarkakakku, rayukan tsarkaka. Ta karanta Maryamu Mariya Magdalelene da Saint Seraphim SOorovsky. Tare da tarihin rayuwar addinin Rasha, Mariya Alexandrovna ta gabatar da freulin Anna Tyuthev.
Ba da daɗewa ba Heman daga cikin adalcin ya bayyana a cikin zuriyar sarauta, wanda asalin Mariya Mariya Alexandrovna ya cika, a tsakanin wasu, wuraren bauta ta iyali. An jagoranci TSarin ta hanyar Takadawa tauhidin tare da Kie Kievy Kiev, Filice, Moscow, Vasily Pavlovo-Prevelky. Bayan mutuwarta a kan ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifiyarta wadda ta gina a Urushalima ta Haikalin Maryamu Magadaliya, a yanzu da yanzu relics na Elizabeth Feedorovna ke hutawa.
Mutuwa
Shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwar Mary Alexandrovna sun rufe ta hanyar cutar, mutuwar ƙaunataccen ɗakuna, har ma da rashin aminci ga miji mai ƙauna. Sarauniya ba ta nuna rashin jin daɗinsa da halayen mata ba kuma ba sa zargi shi.
An san cewa babban abin da aka fi so Alexander II, Princess Ekaterina Dolgorukova, ya rayu tare da ku ba da izini ga 'ya'ya da ke saman ƙofar da controless. A cikin hanyoyi da yawa, an yi wannan ne don dalilan tsaro: An yi wannan ne don mai sauya tsayawa a kan hanyar tsarma, na ƙarshe wanda ya juya ya zama mai rauni.
Sarauniyar ta sami abokantaka sosai a dukkan ayyukan ta'addanci, kowane lokaci yanayin ya lalace. Likita na sirri Mary Alexandrovna, Sergey Petrovich Botin, ya kula da lafiyarta, da shawarar rayuwa a Crimically lokaci-lokaci. Amma watanni shida da suka gabata na rayuwarsa Maria Alexandrovna, akasin haka ga magunguna na likita, wanda aka kashe a St. Petersburg, wanda yake da mummunar tasiri a lafiyar ta.
Ankon mutuwa ya mutu a farkon lokacin bazara 1880 saboda rikice-rikice na tarin fuka. Kabarin Sarauniyar Sarauniya tana cikin Bitrus da Cathedral na St. Petersburg.
Tunani
An lura da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar hoton Mallaka Alexandrovna ta wa sunan biranen biranensu, manyan makarantu. A cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo mariinsky, wata babbar sarauniyar sarauniyar da aka shigar kwanan nan. Gidan haikalin Marisky a yau shine babban asibitin gidan sufi na mata a Hepimania.
A cikin jaridar, an kame Mary Alexandrovna a cikin Takardar kuma a cikin silima na fasaha. Matar matar Alexander a lokaci guda ta taka irin wadannan wasikun kamar Natalia Vlasov, Tatiana Korsik da Anna Maniikina. Musamman maɗaukaki kamanceceniya tare da achress kai irina kozchenko, wanda yake bayyane a cikin firam na kintinkiri tare da halartar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha.
Loveaunar mai kallo tana da fina-finai "Sarki Roman", "Loveaunar Sarki" da jerin "marasa kyau Nastya". A cikin Kinokartina, malami mai ilimi "Matilda, wanda ya sadaukar da kai ga zamanin gidan Romanov, Sergebor Dapkunayte, Sergy Garmashash da kasashen waje.