Claude Monet - Biogara, hotuna, zane-zane, ayyuka, kerawa

Tari

Oscar Claude Monet babban ra'ayi ne, zanen da aka zana duk rayuwata. Mai zane shine wanda ya kafa da mai kula da kwantar da Faransa, wanda ya bi hanya cikin mahimmin tafarki. Hanyar nuna alamar Monet a cikin ra'ayi ana ɗaukar Classic. A gare shi, tsarkakakkun tsabta ana nuna su, ƙirƙirar wadataccen wadataccen haske lokacin da iska iska. A cikin zane-zane, mai fasaha ya nemi isar da wani lokaci na abin da ke faruwa.

Yaro da matasa

Claude Monet da aka haife shi a Paris a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1840. A lokacin da yake dan shekara 5, dangi sun koma Normania, zuwa Gavr. A makaranta, yaron bai bambanta na musamman ba, sai dai zana damar. Iyayensa suna da kantin kayan adon, wanda suke fatan sun isar da ɗanta. Akasin fatan Uba, a ɗaure daga farkon shekaru miƙa zuwa zanen, zane-zanen zane kuma bai yi tunanin zama wani gracer ba.

A cikin salon gida, nasarar da aka zana ta caricature ta hanyar Claude da aka sayar a kan franchs 20. Hobbies sun ba da gudummawa ga sihirin saurayin tare da jami'in karafa Eugene Buden - ƙauna ce. Mawaki ya nuna manyan dabarun zanen novice na zanen daga yanayi. Don kare haƙƙin zaɓar sana'a da inna, wanda ya kula da saurayin bayan mutuwar mahaifiyar.

Classes tare da buen gano gaskiyar sahihiyar sa kafin mai fasaha na gaba - don rubuta yanayi daga yanayi. A cikin 1859, Claude komawa gida zuwa Paris. Anan yana aiki a cikin ɗakin koyarwa na talakawa, yana ziyartar nune-bayarwa da galleries. Sojojin da sojojin suka hana baiwa dangi. A cikin 1861, an karfafa su cikin aikin soja a cikin sojoji na sojan doki kuma aka tura zuwa Algeria.

Daga cikin shekaru bakwai masu hawa biyu a hidimar, zai zauna tsawon shekaru biyu, kamar yadda yake rashin lafiya tare da tryphoid. 3 dubu 1 da aka taimaka don komawa gida gare shi, wanda a zamanin ya biya don sayan dan wa daga aikin soja. Bayan murmurewa daga cutar, Monet ya shiga cikin arts na jami'a, amma da sauri masanan basu ji daɗi. Ba ya son yin sarauta don zane.

Fara ƙirƙira

Sha'awar koya tana haifar da shi zuwa cikin ɗakin studio an tsara ta ta hanyar Bidloil GLEIR. Anan ya gana da Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sislaj da Frederic Basil. A cikin makarantar kimiyya, wanda ya san Pissarro kuma cezanne ta faru. Matasa masu fasaha iri ɗaya ne shekaru, suna da irin wannan ra'ayoyi kan fasaha. Ba da daɗewa ba sun zama kashi, waɗanda ke haɗa ra'ayi.

Hoton Camilla Donal, wanda ɗan wasa ya kirkira a cikin 1866 kuma aka fallasa shi a cikin salon, ya sa ya shahara. Babban aiki na farko shi ne zanen "karin kumallo akan ciyawa" (1865-1866), da shi ne bayan aikinsa na manne. Claude bambance-bambancen ya kasance sau hudu a girma. A abun da ke ciki shine mai sauqi qwarai - gungun mata masu kyan gani kuma maza suna kan share gandun daji kusa da gandun daji.

Darajar hoton tana cikin abin da ke cikin motsi, ƙarfafa ta hanyar bugun jini. Ba ta isa wurin bikin ba, kamar yadda zane yake ba shi da lokacin ƙara babban zane. Dole ne a ba da hoto ga Claud na sayar da hoto don mantawa game da yunwar kuma ba lenting daga abokai. Madadin haka, mai zane yana sanya "Uwargida a Green" (hoton hoton K. Doux).

Mace mai zuwa ta Mita ta biyo baya a cikin lambun "an rubuta su a cikin Onier. Don tabbatar da hasken da ake so, ɗan wasa ya haƙa wata maɓuɓɓugar da ke ba ku damar motsawa da zane sama da ƙasa. Dole ne in jira na dogon lokaci don jira hasken da ya dace, bayan da aka ɗauki shi don goga. Duk da sha'awar samun kammala, da rigunan salon da aka ƙi.

Tarihi

Sabuwar shugabanci a zanen, sunan "alamomi", ya zama wani juyin mulki a zanen. Jin abin da ke faruwa da kuma watsa shi a kan zane shine aikin da ke cikin masu halartar su a gaban su. Claude Monet ya kasance wakili mai haske kuma mai kafa wannan shugabanci. Ya kasance mai zane-zane wanda ya watsa na halitta, kyakkyawa na lokaci-lokaci na wurin da ke kewaye.

A lokacin bazara na 1869, a kamfanin tare da Renoir, ya tafi a Bu'ra zuwa Batoville. A cikin sabon zane-zane da manyan bugun fenti, ya ki gauraye da tabarau. Yana rubutu blank kuma yana sanya da yawa ganowa da yawa game da zane-zane, fasali na hasken, da sauransu. Wannan ya bayyana kuma ya kirkiro da ci gaban alamurrism - ingantacciyar hanya a cikin kayan zane.

Tare da farkon yakin Faransanci Claude Monet, yana ƙoƙarin gano sojoji, hawa a Ingila. Bai tallafa wa Napoleon III kuma ya kasance abokin gaba ba. A Ingila, ya san tare da Paul Duran-Ruolem - mai siyar da zane-zane. Za su zama abokai masu kyau da abokan tarayya. Bulus zai saya a mai zane-zane mafi yawan zane na wannan lokacin aikin sa.

Kudi daga Siyayya da aka yarda ya sayi gida a cikin ƙasarsa, a cikin Argente, ya zauna a cikin shi 'yan kwanaki masu farin ciki har sai 1878. A wannan lokacin, zane mai zane yana aiki funerya, wanda ya haɗa da zane-zanen sa ciki har da shahararren aikin Claude Monet "ra'ayi. Fitowar rana ". Sunan wannan masanin ya bayyana asalin alamomi kuma masu sukar su yi amfani da su don sanin sabon shugabanci a zanen. "An nuna Sunrise" a 1974 a Paris.

Multi-lokaci Monet yana biya serial compositions: kwatanta ra'ayoyin London, babban cocin Ruhan, Maks, Maɓuɓɓuga. A cikin ra'ayi iri, yana watsa haske mara kyau dangane da yanayin, lokacin rana da shekara da shekara, ta amfani da sautin palet ɗin don kowace jiha. Don bayyana zane-zanen mai girma, yana da wuya a zabi kalmomi, suna buƙatar ji da fahimta.

Rayuwa a Kyauta

Miyan kuɗi na podnopive, Monet yana tuhumar Harin Kudi na E. Gosed. Rashin fatarar dan kasuwa ya baiwa iyalai su hada jari kuma ya koma ƙauyen halakar. A nan, abubuwan da suka faru na bala'i wanda ke da alaƙa da mutuwar matarsa ​​faruwa a cikin tarihinsa, to ,an, thean. A cikin 1883, dangin Monet suna motsawa zuwa ƙauyen Zhiverni, wanda yake a kan tabo tekun na seine. A wannan lokacin, ana siyar da zane-zane da kyau, ya kwafa yanayi mai kyau, wani ɓangare wanda yake kashewa akan fadada lambun sa.

An san cewa sanannen ɗan Artistanci shima lambu ne wanda ya kirkiro gonarsa har shekara 43. Ya sami gamsuwa ba wai kawai a cikin tsirrai na tsirrai da kuma tunani sakamakon ayyukansa ba. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwar Monet, ya tafi tare da saukarwa cikin lambun na alatu kuma ya jawo da yawa. Babban ma'aikaci da "bawan kasuwancinsu", kamar yadda ya kira kansa, yayi kokarin samun kammala a canja wurin kyawun yanayin da ke kan zane.

A wannan lokacin, masterial Masters sabon dabarar. Ya rubuta don zane-zane da yawa a lokaci guda. Don haka, yana ƙoƙarin ɗaukar hasken canji mai canzawa. Taro na zanen sama da hoto ɗaya na iya zama rabin sa'a, sannan ya wuce zuwa wani don kamawa da isar da wani lokaci na lokaci. Misali, jerin zane-zanen sa tare da hoton Cape arres an wakilta da safe, tsayin tsayuwa, kaka, bazara da kuma lokacin kunna bazara.

Rayuwar sirri

Matar ta farko da mai zane ita ce Camilla Donal, gabatarwa wa "Uwargida a Green" da sauran zane-zane. Ta haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu da bambancin shekaru 11. Bayan mutuwar matar mahaifinsa, wanda ya kasance madawwamiyar na'urar simulator, dan wasan ya danganta dangantaka da Alice Gosted. A hukumance, za su zama mijinta da matar da bayan mutuwar mijinta Ernest. Alice bai zama ba a cikin 1911, bayan shekaru uku ɗan fari ɗansa Jean ya bar rayuwa.

Club Claud Monet an haɗa shi a cikin manyan masu zane 3 masu tsada. Matsakaicin farashin zane-zane shine $ 7.799 miliyan. Mafi tsada daga gare su ("lilies ruwa", (1905) an adana a cikin gidajen tarihi. Russia, United Kingdom da Amurka manyan masu mallakar kayan mawaki ne.

Mutuwa

Mai zane ya rayu rayuwa mai tsawo, ya koma wasu ayyuka biyu don cire cataracts, bayan da tsinkayen launi ya canza. Ultotolet ya fara gani a cikin lilac ko launin shuɗi. Ana iya ganin wannan a cikin hotan nasa rubuta bayan tiyata. Misalin irin wannan aikin shine "furannin ruwa". A wannan lokacin, mafi yawan lokuta da ya ciyarwa a gonar, ƙirƙirar duniyar da ke ɓoye ta ruwa da tsirrai a kan gulbinsa. Shahararren jerin gwanon ta ƙarshe yana wakiltar yawancin tafkuna da ruwa Lily da sauran tsire-tsire na ruwa.

Mai zane a cikin Kyauta ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Disamba, 1926. Daga cutar sankara a cikin shekaru na 86 na shekara, da ta tsira mutane da yawa mutane da yawa. A cikin nacewa, bikin ban kwana ya kasance mai sauki ne kuma wanda bai dace ba. A ce na ban kwana ga mai fasaha ya zo mutane 50 ba. Burked Monet a kan cakular Ikilisiya hurumi.

Shahararrun hotuna

• "Mata a cikin lambu" (1866)
• "Terrace a cikin adireshin Saint" (1867)
• "Thames a Kan Westminst (Westminster Bridge)" (1871)
• "CIGABA: Hawan rana" (1872)
• "Filin Makov daga Argenta" (1873)
• "Kapuchin bouvard" (1873)
• "Yi tafiya zuwa dutsen a purville" (1882)
• "Lady tare da laima" (1886)
• "Ruhan Cathedral: Babban ƙofar zuwa Rana" (1894)
• "Lilies ruwa" ("nimfei") (1916)

Hotuna mafi tsada

• "Lilies ruwa", (1905) - dala miliyan 43.
• "Bridge Bridge a Argene" (1873) - dala miliyan 41.
• "Lilies ruwa" (1904) - miliyan 36.
• "Gadar Wateroo. Cloudy "(1904) - dala miliyan 35.
• "Hanyar zuwa kandami" (1900) - dala miliyan 32.
• "Haske tare da lilies ruwa" (1917) - dala miliyan 24.
• "Poplar" (1891) - dala miliyan 22.
• "Gidajen majalisa. Hasken rana a cikin hazo "(1904) - dala miliyan 20.
• "Majalisa, faɗuwar rana" (1904) - dala miliyan 14.