Tari
Tarihin rayuwar Nikolai Pirogov, wanda zamanin nan ke duban "matattarar" mai ban mamaki "- wata babbar hanyar hidimar rashin lafiyar kimiyyar likita. Yawancin adadin binciken da suka sami ceto rayuwar dubban mutane har yanzu suna cikin magani.Yaro da matasa
An haifi baiwa nan gaba a nan gaba a cikin wani babban iyali na ma'aikatan sashen sojoji. Nicholas suna da 'yan'uwan brothersan'uwa goma sha uku, da yawa daga cikinsu suke a cikin matasa. Uba Ivan Ivanovich ya sami ilimi da kuma cimma babban nasarar aiki. A cikin matarsa, ya dauki kyakkyawar budurwa mai kyau daga tsohuwar fata, wanda ya zama kamuna da mahaifiyarsu da yawa. Iyaye sun ba da kulawa ta musamman ga rikicewar Chadi: Boysss sun ƙuduri niyyar yin karatu a cikin manyan cibiyoyi, da 'yan mata sun sami ilimi a gida.
Iyalin P'rows suna ƙaunar karantawa kuma suna da ɗakin karatu mai ban sha'awa a cikin gidan. Iyayen sun yi aure tare da masu ibada, kowace Lahadi, danginmu sun ziyarci cocin, sun lura da harkokin addini da daraja hutun addini.
Daga cikin baƙi na gidan iyaye na gida akwai likitoci da yawa waɗanda suke son yin wasa da m Nikolai kuma sun gaya wa labaran nishadi daga aiki. Saboda haka, daga farkon shekarun, ya yanke shawarar zama ko kuma sojoji a matsayin uba, ko likita, kamar gidan su Dr. Mukhin, wanda yaron ya zama babba.
Nicholas Ros ga wulakanci, da farko koya don karantawa kuma ya kwashe kwanakin bayan ɗakin karatun mahaifin. Daga takwas, ya fara gayyata malamai, da cikin goma sha ɗaya da aka ba Moss hukumar ta sirri.
Ba da daɗewa ba matsalolin duniya suka fara a cikin iyali: babban ɗan wevanvichichich Bitrus ya taka rawa sosai, kuma mahaifinsa yana da kunya, wanda zai rufe daga fayunan nasu. Saboda haka, yara dole su karba daga manyan abokan ciniki da fassara zuwa koyan gida.
Iyali Dr. Mukhin, wanda ya daɗe yana lura da karfin Nicholas zuwa magani, ya ba da gudummawa ga jami'a zuwa Jami'ar Amurka. Ga samari masu baiwa, banda aka yi, kuma ya zama ɗalibi a cikin shekaru goma sha huɗu, kuma ba goma sha shida ba, kamar yadda dokokin da aka buƙata.
Makariyata, Nikolai hada tare da aiki a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Anatmoical, inda ya sami kwarewa mai mahimmanci a tiyata kuma a ƙarshe ya yanke shawara kan zaɓin ƙarin sana'a.
Magani da pedagogy
Bayan kammala karatun daga Jami'ar Pirtov, an nuna shi zuwa garin Derpt (yanzu Tartu), inda ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Dangane da shekaru biyar da shekaru biyu suka kare dokarsa ta Doctorm. Aikin kimiyya na Pirogov ya canja zuwa Jamusanci, ba da daɗewa ba sun kasance masu sha'awar Jamus. An gayyaci likita mai fasaha zuwa Berlin, inda pies ya yi aiki na shekaru biyu tare da jagoran likitocin Jamusawa.
Komawa ga asalinsa, wani mutum yana tsammanin zai karbi sashen a Jami'ar Moscow, amma wani mutumin da yake da mahimman haɗin. Sabili da haka, pies sun zauna a Derpete kuma nan da nan zama sananne ga gaba ɗaya na gundumar dama. Nikolai Ivanovich ana sauƙaƙe la'akari da mafi wuya ayyukan, wanda ba wanda ya aikata a gabansa, yana bayanin cikakkun bayanai a cikin hotunan. Ba da da ewa dokin ya zama farfesa na tiyata da ganye don neman Faransa don fitar da asibitocin gida. Cibiyoyin ba su burge shi ba, da shahararrun likitan Paris Nikolai Ivanovich wanda aka samu don karantawa.
Bayan dawo da Rasha, an ba shi jagorancin aikin tiyata a cikin likitanci da na tiyata St. Petersburg, kuma ba da daɗewa ba piroretgers ya buɗe a asibiti daga gadaje na farko don gadaje na farko don gadaje na farko. A St. Petersburg, likita ya yi aiki na shekaru 10 kuma a wannan lokacin ya rubuta ayyukan kimiyyar da aka yi akan tiyata da ilmin jikinta. Nikolai Ivanovich ta zo da kuma sarrafa keran kayan aikin likita, ci gaba da gudana a wasu cibiyoyin asibiti, kuma a dare yana aiki a cikin annoba, sau da yawa cikin yanayin rashin tsaro.
Irin wannan rayuwar ba zai iya shafar matsayin lafiyar likita ba. Labarin ya taimaka wa labarin cewa aikin na farko na Sarki na farko an yarda da shi ta hanyar aikin Pirogov yayi aiki a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Ba da daɗewa ba aka fara aiki na farko da aka fara amfani da ingantaccen maganin sa, wanda ya kasance mai nasara a cikin ilimin kimiyyar kimiyyar duniya, da kuma abin rufe fuska don maganin sauya cikin magani.
A cikin 1847, Nikovai Ivanovich ya mutu don yakin Caucasian don gwada abubuwan da kimiyya ta kimiyya a fagen. A can ya kashe ayyuka dubu goma ta amfani da maganin sa barci, ana amfani da shi a aikace na bandagar da ke ciki tare da siteum bandage bandage.
A cikin fall na 1854, pies tare da gungun likitoci da ma'aikatan aikin jinya suka tafi yaƙin Crimean, inda ya zama babban likitan masarauta a cikin sevicepol da abokan gaba. Godiya ga kokarin 'yan uwallan rahamar rahamar Shi da shi, mai yawan adadin sojojin Rasha da jami'ai sun sami ceto. Ya bunkasa sabon sabon lokaci guda a daidai lokacin da tsarin fitarwa, sufuri da rarrashi magunguna na soja, saboda haka a sa tushe na magungunan soja na zamani.
Bayan dawowa St. Petersburg, Nikolai Ivanoovich ya sadu da Sarkin kuma ya raba tunaninsa game da matsalolin sojojin Rasha. Alexander II ya yi fushi da ƙarfin hali, kuma ba ya son ya saurare shi. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Pirogov ya fadi a cikin wulakanci a farfajiyar kuma an naɗa shi amintaccen da Odersa da Kiev gundumomi. Ya aiko da ayyukansu don sake fasalin tsarin ilimin makarantar sakandare, wanda ya sake haifar da rashin gamsuwa da hukumomi. Pirogov ya samo sabon tsarin, wanda ya kammala matakai huɗu:
- makarantar firamare (shekaru 2) - nahem; nahawu;
- Makarantar sakandare (4) - Janar Ilimin Janar;
- Makarantar sakandare (shekaru 3) - gabaɗaya shirin ilimi + Harsuna + Abubuwan da aka yi;
- Makaranta mafi girma: cibiyoyin ilimi masu girma
A cikin 1866, Nikovai Ivanovich ya koma tare da danginsa ga danginsa zuwa gonarsa a Vinnitsa gubernia, inda ya bude asibitoci kyauta kuma ya ci gaba da aikin likita. Marasa lafiya da wahala sun zo ga "mai ban mamaki" daga ko'ina cikin Rasha.
Bai bar ayyukan kimiyya ba, rubutu a cikin aikin ceri a kan tiyata ajin soja wanda ya ɗaukaka sunansa.
Pirigov ya yi tafiya kasashen waje, inda ya shiga cikin taron kimiyya da karawa juna sani, kuma a lokacin daya daga cikin tafiye da aka nemi ya samar da taimakon likita ga Garibaldi.
Emperor Alexander II ya sake tuna sanannen likitan tiyata a lokacin yakin Rasha-Turkish kuma ya tambaye shi ya shiga yakin soja. Pirogov ya amince kan yanayin cewa ba zai da damuwa da iyakance 'yancin aiwatarwa. Isarwa a Bulgaria, Nikolai Ivanovich ya ɗauki ƙungiyar asibitoci na soja, yana wucewa na uku watanni 700 da ɗari bakwai da kuma ziyartar mazauna guda ashirin. A saboda wannan, mai sarki ya koka shi da umarnin farin Eagle da wasan kwaikwayo na zinare tare da lu'u-lu'u da aka yi wa ado da hoton akwati na kan son kai.
Shekaru na ƙarshe, babban masanin kimiyya da aka sadaukar da aikin likita da kuma rubuta "tsohuwar likita," ta hanyar kammala shi kafin mutuwa kanta.
Rayuwar sirri
A karo na farko pirogov aure a 1841 a kan jikan Janar Torishchev, Ekaterina Berzina. Aikinsu ya dauki shekaru hudu kawai, dauren ya mutu sakamakon rikice rikice-rikice mai tsanani, barin 'yan' ya'ya biyu a bayan kansa.
Bayan shekaru takwas, Nikolai Ivanovich Bachoneess Alexander Von Bistroma von Bistroma von Bistroma von, dangi na sanannen sanannen naxator Kruzenshner. Ta zama Mataimakin Mataimakin da Comerades, Openungiyar ta ta buɗe asibitin tiyata a Kiev.
Mutuwa
Sanadin mutuwar Pirogover ya yi aiki a matsayin marigan cuta, wanda ya bayyana akan mucosa na baka. Ya bincika ta hanyar mafi kyawun likitocin Rasha, amma ba zai iya taimakawa ba. Babban likitan likitan ya mutu a cikin hunturu na 1881 a ceri. Dangane da dangi sun ce a lokacin azabar akwai wani eclipse. Muryar mamaci yanke shawarar numfashi jikinsa, kuma tun, ya karɓi ƙudurin Ikilisiyar Orthodox, da aka gayyaci ɗalibin Pirogova da David Rodddov, wanda ya daɗe yana aiki a wannan batun.
An sanya jiki a cikin kukan na musamman tare da taga, wanda ya rabu da Ikilisiya. Bayan nasarar juyin juya halin Musulunci, an yanke shawarar kiyaye jikin babban masanin kimiyya da kuma gudanar da aiki don mayar da shi. An hana wannan tsare-tsaren, kuma an aiwatar da wannan tsare-tsaren farko a cikin 1945 ta kwararru a Moscow, Leenrad da Kharkiv. Yanzu ƙungiyar guda ɗaya tana cikin kiyaye jikin Pirogo, wacce ke goyan bayan jihar Lenin, Kim Il Sierena da Ho Chi Mark.
An zauna MANOR PIROTOV ya kasance har wa yau, yanzu an shirya gidan kayan gargajiya na babban masanin kimiyya. A kowace shekara yana riƙe karatun Pirogov game da gudummawar likitan tiyata zuwa maganin duniya, ana tattara taron likita na duniya.