Christopher Columbus - Hoto, Hoto, Rayuwa ta Zamani, Arewacin Amurka

Tari

Christopher Colandator ne na tsakiya, wanda ya buɗe Sargasvo da Tekun Caribbean, Antilly, mashahurin matafiya, ya mamaye tekun Atlantika, sun mamaye tekun Atlantika, sun mamaye tekun Atlantika.

Dangane da shaida daban-daban, an haifi Christopher Columbus a cikin 1451 a Genoa, a cikin yankin cosaica na yanzu. Tarihin Italiyanci shida da Mutanen Espanya suna da'awar cewa a kira mahaifiyarsa ta mahaifiyarsa. Yaren da matasa na Navitator ne da ba a sani ba, kusan babu komai, asalin dangin Columbus.

Wasu masu binciken suna kiran Columbus Italiyanci, wasu sun yi imani da cewa mahaifansa sun yi baftisma da iyayensu, taurari. Wannan zato yana bayanin matakin ban mamaki na ilimi, wanda Chrischeroper ya karɓi, sai ya bar dangin talakawa rauni da matan aure.

A cewar wasu masana tarihi da nazarinmu, Columus a kasa da shekaru 14 sun yi karatu a gida, yayin da yake da ilimi da yawa, ciki ya san latin. Yaron yana da ƙanana uku da 'yar uwana, kuma duk masu horar da malamai sun horar da su. Ofaya daga cikin 'yan uwan, Giwovanni, ya mutu a ƙuruciya,' yar'uwar Biyellomeo ta yi aure, da Barcomomeo da GiaCubus tare da Giacomo tare da Giacuso tare da Giacumbo tare da GIACUS a cikin jiragensa.

Wataƙila, an samar da cikakken taimako, an samar da cikakkiyar taimako tare da takwarorinsu, masu samar da masu biyan kuɗi na gaskiya daga Marranv. Tare da taimakonsu, saurayin daga wani matalauta iyali sun mamaye Jami'ar Padua.

A matsayin mutum mai ilimi, Columbus ne ya saba da koyarwar masana falsafar tsohuwar Greek da masu tunani suna nuna ƙasa tare da ball, ba mai fashin ciki ba, kamar yadda aka yi imani da tsararraki. Koyaya, irin wannan tunanin, kamar asalin yahudawa yayin binciken, wanda ya yi fushi a Turai, ya kamata ya ɓoye a cikin su sosai.

A jami'a, Columbus ya fara abokansa tare da ɗalibai da malamai. Ofaya daga cikin ƙaunatattun 'yan makarantar masanin ilimin taurari ya zama Toskannyli. Dangane da lissafinta, ya sanya cewa ya zama kyakkyawa India, kammala rashin wadataccen arziki, ya fi kusa da jirgin sama, kuma ba a gabas, arziki Afirka. Daga baya, Christopher ya gudanar da lissafin nasa, wanda, ba daidai ba, ya tabbatar da hasashen Toskannyli. Don haka an haifi mafarkin yamma da yamma, kuma Columbus ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa gaba ɗaya.

Ko da kafin shiga jami'a, matasa goma sha huɗu-matasa matasa Christopher kwarewar marine yawo. Mahaifin ya yi ɗa daya daga cikin shhun shhun don koyan fasahar kewayawa, ƙwarewar ciniki, kuma daga wannan gaba, rayuwar Columbus-Maritavochor ya fara.

Kewaya na farko na Columbus a matsayin Ungi ya yi barken Bahar Rum inda ciniki da tattalin arziki tsakanin Turai da Asiya suka ƙetare. A lokaci guda, 'yan kasuwa Turai sun san dukiyar da dukiyar Asiya da Indiya, wanda ya runtumi siliki da kayan ƙanshi daga waɗannan ƙasashe.

Saurayin ya saurari wani labarai na ban mamaki daga bakin 'yan kasuwa kuma ya yi tafiya da mafarkin zuwa iyakar Indiya don nemo tayin da ta samu.

Balaguro

A cikin 70s na karni na 15, Columbus ya yi aure Monis ta Monis daga dangin Italiya-Fotugiya. A suruki na Kristi, ya zauna a Litabon, wanda ya tafi teku a ƙarƙashin tutar Fotigal, mai duba. Bayan mutuwa, ya bar marsime taswira, dioles da sauran takardu waɗanda aka gaji su ga Columbus. A cewar su, matafiyi ya ci gaba da nazarin Geography, yayin da a lokaci guda nazarin ayyukan Piccolomini, Pierre de Aiili, Marco Polo.

Christopher Columbus ya shiga cikin abin da ake kira na Arewa Distoition, a zaman abin da hanyarsa ta bi ta tsibirin Burtaniya da Iceland. Mai yiwuwa, akwai mai dubawa kuma ya ji labarin Sagas ga Vikings, Ericsson Ericsson, wanda ya isa bakin teku na "Big duniya", watsi da tekun Atlantika.

Hanyar, wacce ta ba da damar zuwa Indiya Yamma, Columbus ya koma 1475. Ya gabatar da wani shiri na mai son cin nasara ne ga mamaye sabuwar ƙasa a farfajiyar Generesen 'yan kasuwa, amma bai cika goyon baya ba.

Bayan 'yan shekaru daga baya, a cikin 1483, Christopher Dubawanne da irin wannan tsari zuwa ga Sarki Juan II. Sarki ya tattara kwamitin kimiyya, wanda ya sake nazarin aikin Generese kuma ya gano lissafin sa ba daidai ba ne. A haushi, amma marasa Columbs sun bar Portumbas kuma sun koma Castile.

A cikin 1485, Nunin Nemo ya tambayi masu sauraro daga Memun sarakunan Ferdinand, Ferdinand da Isabella Castilskaya. Ma'auratan sun yarda da shi, ta saurara kan dukiyar Columbus, kuma daidai da na Sarki mai mulki ga majalisa. Hukumar ba ta goyi bayan mai duba ba, tunda yuwuwar hanyar yammacin ta nuna girgizar duniya, wanda ya sabawa koyarwar Ikilisiya. Columbus ba shi da cikakken bayani, amma sarki da Sarauniya an yi tafiya kuma an yanke shawarar jinkirta yanke shawara har sai ya kammala tare da mors.

Columbus, wanda baya motsawa ba shi da yawa ƙishirwa don binciken, nawa ne sha'awar samun arziki, masu aiki da kai ga Turanci da Faransa. Karl da Heinrich ba su amsa haruffa ba, suna kan aiki siyasa na cikin gida, amma Sarki na Fotigal ya aika da gayyatar ta hanyar dubawa.

Lokacin da Christopher ya ba da labarin wannan a Spain, Ferdinand da Isabella ya ba Indiya, kodayake barorin talauci na Spain ba su da kudade don wannan kasuwancin. Masarautar da aka yi alkawarin Columbus The Moble taken, Mataimakin Mataimakin dukan ƙasan da dole ne a aro daga jakunkuna na Andalusan da 'yan kasuwa da' yan kasuwa.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da hudu Columbus

1. Farkon balaguron farko na Christopher Columbus ya faru a cikin 1492-1493. A kan jiragen ruwa uku, karvellah Pinton (mallakin gidan Martin Alonso Pinton) da Niña da kuma Sarary Tsibirin Callan, ya kawo wa Tekun Atlantik, ya hau kan Tekun Atlantika, ya tafi Bahamas. A ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 1492, Columbus ya kwance a ƙasa na tsibirin Samariya, wanda ake kira San Salvador. Wannan ranar ana ɗauka shine ranar buɗe Amurka.
2. Balaguro na biyu na Columbus ya faru a cikin 1493-1496. A cikin wannan kamfen, kananan Antilles, Dominica, Haiti, Cuba, an buɗe Jamiica.
3. Actionsare na uku yana nufin lokacin daga 1498 zuwa 1500. Flotilla daga kotuna shida sun kai tsibiran Trinidad da Margarita, sun fara farkon bude Amurka ta Kudancin Amurka, kuma ya ƙare a Haiti.
4. A cikin balaguro na hudu, Christopher Columbus ya hau kan Martinique, ya ziyarci tekun Kogin Amurka tare da Tekun Caribbean tare da Tekun Caribbean.

Gano Amurka

Tsarin buɗe sabon duniya ya miƙa shekaru da yawa. Mafi ban mamaki abin da Columbus, kasancewa mai gamsarwa Disc-erer da kuma gogaggen nazarin martaba, wanda ya yi imani da cewa ya buɗe hanyar Asiya. Bahamas, bude a farkon balaguro, ya dauki wani bangare na Japan, wanda mai ban sha'awa China, da kuma bayansa - da kuma a tsakaninsa da kyau Indiya.

Menene Columbus ya buɗe kuma me yasa sabuwar ta ƙasa ta sami sunan wani matafiyi ta wani matafiyi, Amerigo Daci? A jerin binciken yi da Great matafiyi da Seavworker hada San Salvador, Cuba da kuma Haiti, na ga Bahamas tarin tsiburai, Sargassovo Sea.

A cikin balaguron biyu, jiragen ruwa goma sha bakwai ke jagorantar "Maria Galant" ya tafi. Wannan nau'in jirgin ruwa tare da hijira a cikin tan ɗari biyu da sauran jiragen ruwa ba kawai ba, har ma da shanu. Duk wannan lokacin, Columbus ya tabbata cewa ya bude Yammacin Indiya. Sannan Anticles, Dominica da Guadeloupe sun bude.

Bukatar ta uku ta jagoranci jiragen ruwa zuwa ga nahudus, amma india ta yi musu takaici: India tare da zanenta na zinaren ba su same shi ba. Daga wannan balaguron, Columbus ya dawo ga masu shack da aka zargi da kisan karya. Kafin shigar da tashar makirci, an cire shi daga ciki, amma taken masu alkawarin da suka yi rauni.

Tafiyar da ta ƙarshe na Christopher Columbus ya ƙare tare da fashewar a gefen Jamaica da Hardwar shugaban zaɓe. Ya dawo rashin lafiya, mara farin ciki da rashin nasara. Amerigo Vespucci ya kasance kusa da abokin da mai bin Columbus, wanda ya ɗauki tafiya huɗu zuwa sabon haske. Sunanta ya kira duniya baki daya, kuma sunan Columbus kuma baya kai Indiya, wata ƙasa a Kudancin Amurka.

Rayuwar sirri

Idan kun yi imani da na Christopher Columbus, farkon wanda shine ɗansa, Sirvigator ya aure sau biyu. Aure na farko da Felipe Monis ya kasance doka. Matar ta haifi dan Diego. A cikin 1488, an haifi Columbus ɗan Fernando, daga sadarwa tare da wata mace mai suna Beatricsta Eardesirese de Aran.

Numbery ya kula da 'ya'yan biyu, kuma ƙaramin ma ya kwashe shi lokacin da yaron ya juya shekara goma sha uku. Fernando ya zama farkon wanda ya rubuta tarihin rayuwar sanannen matafiya.

Bayan haka, 'ya'yan Columbus sun zama mutane masu tasiri kuma sun dauki manyan posts. Diego shi ne mataimakin sarkin sabuwar Spain da Admiral India, da zuriyarsa sun kasance Marquisians na Jamaica da kuma Duke na dan kasar.

Fernando Columbus, wanda ya zama marubuci da masanin kimiyya, ya ji daɗin yardar Spain, ya rayu a cikin fadar marmara kuma tana da kudin shiga shekara-shekara zuwa sama zuwa 200,000 francs. Waɗannan lakabi da wadata sun sami zuriyar Columbus a matsayin alama ta fitarwa ta hanyar sinadarin mulkinsa da yabo a gaban kambi.

Mutuwa

Bayan bude america daga bugawa, Columbus ya dawo Spain tare da rashin lafiya lafiya, mutumin da ya tsufa. A cikin 1506, Discerer na sabon haske ya mutu cikin talauci a cikin karamin gida a Valladolid. Adanawa na Columbus ya ci abinci akan biyan kuɗi zuwa bashin ga mahalarta taron na ƙarshe.

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan mutuwar Christopher Columbus daga Amurka, jiragen ruwa na farko suka fara zuwa, sun loda da zinari, wanda ya yi mafarki na Nextigator. Yawancin masana tarihi da yawa sun yarda cewa Columbus ya san cewa ta buɗe Asiya kuma ba Indiya ba, amma ba a san ƙasar ba, amma ba ta son raba ɗaukakawa da taska wanda ya ragu.

Bayyanar da ke kan harkokin farko na Amurka kuma an san su a cikin hoto a cikin Littattafan tarihi. An harbe 'yan zane game da Columbus, na karshen shine fim na samar da hadin kan Faransa, Ingila, Spain da Amurka "1492: mamaye aljanna." An sanya mu'ujizai wannan babban mutumin a Barcelona da Granada, da toka daga Seville aka jigilar zuwa Haiti.