Tarihi
Haɗin wildyy na William Shakespeare "Othello" ana ɗaukarsa mafi kyawun aikinsa. An gina aikin a sarari, haɗin haɗin gwiwa ba daidai ba ne, kuma abubuwan da suka faru sun yi daidai. Wannan bala'i ne na gaske na marubucin, yana kawar da kasancewar sihirin sihirin da kuma bayyana duniyar gaske. Theaurari na gwarzo suna dogara kuma suna wakiltar mutane ba tare da sifofin sihiri ba.William Shakespare ya zama marubucin cikakken aikin don zamanin da ya yi aiki. Batun kirkirar wasan 1604 ya kasance cikin rashi ga tsinkayen tsinkaye da na kwarai. Gidan Venice, na zamani da sanannen birni na zamani da aka bayyana.
Tarihin halitta
Marubucin ya yi amfani da bayanan tarihi kuma ya tattara su da almara. Dalilin da aka buga ya zama almara, misalai, labarun masu jirgin ruwa. "Othello" tabbataccen hujja ce ta wannan gaskiyar. Mavr mai ban tsoro, wanda ya zama babban mahimmin labarin, a zahiri ya daskarewa.
Abubuwan da aka gabatar na hali shine soja Italiyanci Murizio Otthello, wanda ya umarci ayyukan sojojin a Cyprus daga Cyprus daga Cyprus daga cikin 1505 zuwa 1508. Mutumin ya yi aure. Matar, ta rakshe shi cikin yaƙi, bai dawo gida ba. Mazaunan Cyprus har yanzu suna nuna gidan Othemello a FongArus, inda, a cewar Legend, ya rauda Dzentemon.
Akwai wani nau'in sihiri na bala'in. Dangane da shi, Shakespeare ya dogara da labarin litattafan litattafan litattafan almara na Jambatist Chintio da ake kira "Spanian Mavr". A cikin 1566, gwarzo sun watakila wadanda suka zama jigon haruffan aikin Shakespeare, wanda ya sayi tunanin masu sauraron. A makirci na halittar Chintio yayi kama da bayanin aikin a Shakespeare.
Daya daga cikin bambance-bambance na marubucin, na farko ga duniya wanda ya gaya wa wannan labarin shine bayyanar yaron da ya saci hanjin Dzemon. Shakespeare ya ce cewa Desidon ya rasa baiwa da kanta. Wani "kenan" ya fada game da mutuwar babban halaye daga hannun ma'ajiyar mata, da kuma girgiza Othello ya kashe kansa.
Hakikanin aikin Shakespeare ya ta'allaka ne a cikin gaskiyar cewa babban abinda aka aiwatar shine dangantakar da asali da aka karya su. Wakilin tseren na, Othello ya zama baƙon ga jama'a, ba tare da la'akari da nasarorin da sabis don amfanin jihar ba. Don al'ummar kwanan nan sun warware daga Estates, 'Yancin' Yanci ba a samun su ba.
Hoto da shirya
Aiki a cikin wasan yana faruwa a cikin Venice. Babban haruffa sune Kwamitocin Othello, matarsa ta Dzenamer da Sakatare na Yago. MAVR ya sadu da 'yar da Dzentmon kuma ya fadi cikin soyayya da ita. Tarayyarsu za ta fuskanci dangin budurwa, kuma bikin sirri wani sirri ya nuna cewa garin Othello ya dauki Dzentemon ga matar sa da karfi. Bayan ya karɓi alƙawari ga babban ƙarfi, gwarzo yana zuwa can tare da matarsa. Sakatare da Yago da Mataimakin Rodrigo Shirya maƙarƙashiya don kishin Othello daga gidan. Maza suna ba da tsoro, masu tabbatar da Boss cewa yarinyar ta canza zuwa ƙarƙashin ƙasa - Casssio.
Kwwomian wasan da Jago save, tabbatar wa Mavru, cewa matar ta yi kuskure tare da shi. Hujja na Tenase yana aiki a matsayin kai na kai, da Yago "mai ƙaunar" Lover "Dzentmones. Ya ba da shawara Othello ya bata matarsa. A cikin hanyar sadarwa, sanya shi Sakatare na helicophole, a cikin Othello, Cassio da Rodrigo. Babban yaudarar yana haifar da mutuwar ma'aikatan soja.
A kan gado mai aure, Othello yana ƙoƙarin yin Dzentemon maimaitawa cikin zunubi, amma yarinyar tana da kyau kuma ba za ta furta cewa babu. Mavr ya mamaye matansa, sa'an nan ya kalubalanta ta. Bayan isowa da masu gadi, matar Jago ta bayyana shirye-shiryensa kuma ya mutu daga hannun mata. Othello ya kashe kansa.
Mutumin tsakiya shi ne Mavr-Command - mutum mai daraja wanda yake da ikon tsarkakakkiyar tunani, ɗabi'un mutane da gaske. Hoton Othello shine kwatancen mafi kyawun tsarin Renaissance. Jarumi yana haifar da cututtukan zuciya da zuciya.
Othello ba baƙo bane a Venice. Wakilin wani tseren tsere, jama'a ba su karba ba, duk da cewa ma son ƙaunar DZhememon. Tattarar da Tashin matattu a gaban gwarzon kai tabbaci ne wanda bai dace da duniya ba, wani bangare na abin da yake kokarin zama. Jago ta cimma maigidan cewa ƙaunar kyawawan kyawawan bayanai ba su da cikakken memban al'umma. Abubuwan da suke amfani da ita ta kasance mara dadi, da rai, ba ya nufin komai ga wasu.
Kishi Othello ba ma'anar mutum ba ne mai rauni, amma mai zurfi rauni na tunani mai zurfi yana da alaƙa da al'amuran jama'a. A cikin Dzhememon, gwarzo ya ga hadin kan akida, da kuma ƙididdigar barazanar ya hallaka su. Bangaskiya ita ce babban rukuni don halayyar. Bushayi fice da lover, ya dogara da ita. A lokacin kisan, otal din yana fuskantar karfin rikice rikice. Yana kokawa da ƙaunar matarsa da tunanin yaudara. A cikin yaƙin hankali da zuciyar ta lashe tunanin. Mutuwar Dzentememon yana dawo da daidaito a cikin duniya, inda jarumai ta wanzu.
Garkuwa
Aƙardin shakespeare ya sa tushe da yawa na Kincartin. Godiya ga rikice-rikice-rikice-rikice da rikice-rikice da aka bayyana da waƙar, Daraktan sun karɓi kayan don fassarar allon. A karo na farko da fim "otemello" ya nuna da masu sauraro a cikin 1906. 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo da matsayin sun kasance m ga masu sauraro, da kuma sinima a wannan lokacin yana fuskantar mataki na samuwar.
A cikin lokacin daga 1906 zuwa 1922, sabbin 'yan wasan da aka yi tafiya a kan Cinema kusan kowace shekara. A shekarun 1950, rikodin na farko na wasan kwaikwayon telebijin da wasannin Opera a wannan makircin ya bayyana. Daga cikin sanannun masu aiwatar da masu aiwatar da hukuncin Othello - Sergey Bongarbanuk, na Filmogra wanda wanda ya yi a hoton Mosfilier a 1955, wanda ya bayyana ga Motsa Moore a shekarar 1965.
A shekarar 1976, sanannen kwamandan a wasan kwaikwayon din da aka nuna Placido Domingo. Ya fi yawan sauran masu fasaha na Opera da suka yi wannan jam'iyyar. A cikin 1981, Anthony Hopkins sun yanke shawarar murkushe gwarzo a cikin firam.
Shiryar da matar matar kishi, mai iya kashe ƙaunataccen matar sa saboda shakkar sa, dacewa a yau. An yi wahayi zuwa gare su ta hanyar ƙamus, wakilan silima. Aikin da aka fi so shi ne "Othello", wanda maxim Averin ana yin shi ta Maxim Averin.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa
Sashi "Othelllo" shine ɗayan abubuwan da aka gani na Shakespeare. A cikin sauƙin 'wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki zaku sami samarwa gwargwadon bala'in. An haɗa shi a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka yi nazarin kayan adali, masanan suna lura da cewa masu karatu yawanci galibi ne kuma ba daidai ba suna fassara wasu abubuwan ruwayoyi. Don haka, alal misali, mutane da yawa suna da tabbacin cewa Othello ya raina Dzentemon. Amma, idan ka karanta a cikin Replica, ya bayyana a fili cewa ba zai yiwu a yi da sauri daga Maurus da kuma yana matse da matarsa ba.
Waɗanda ba sa tuna da rubutun wasan yana da tabbaci cewa shahararren magana "Mavr yayi aikinsa, da mavr na iya barin" otthello nasa ne "otetello nasa. A zahiri, magana ce daga aikin Johann Friedrich Schiller "Pride Fiese a Genoa", wanda aka rubuta a cikin 1783.
William Shakespeare yasan girke-girke na aikin samar da kayan aiki. Ya rubuta "Othello" a cikin 1604, lokacin da al'amuran soja da suka faru a cikin Cyprus har yanzu sabo ne a cikin tunawa da masu sauraro. Don haka, marubucin ya kara da cewa tabbas zai jawo hankalin jama'a.
Faɗa
Kyakkyawan asalin mahimmancin halayyar, wanda yawanci ana gane shi a cikin maɓalli mara kyau, Shakespearen ya tabbatar da irin wannan magana:
"Ta ƙaunace ni don gari,Kuma ina jin tausayinsu. "
Mavr, wanda ke godiya da bangaskiya da martani, baya nuna son kai ga bayyanuwar hankali. Damarar gwarzo na gwarzo ta jaddada kalmar:
"Girmama shi ne abin da mutane da yawa basu da shi daga fahariya."Aravable da mummunan laifi, Othello ya shakkokin cin amana matarsa. RANARSA da yawa kamar:
"Amma ruhohin karya, da farko mu rike mu," Mai marubucin yana nuna rikice-rikicen ruhaniya na gwarzo mai daraja.Aljanu na ciki ya kai hari Othello a hankali, da Yago, wanda ya ji daɗin kamannin dangantakar dangi, in ji su tsara Othello a kan matarsa. Marubucin da ba da gaskiya kula:
"Babu wani shakku ba zato ba tsammani, amma sannu a hankali kamar sulfur karkashin kasa."Wannan tunanin masana falsafa ya dace da wannan ranar.