Tari
Nicholas I - Emperor Emperor, Sarki Yaren mutanen Yaren mutanen Poland da Grand Bahar Finland, su goma sha uku ta hanyar kai daular Romanov. Mai nasara na Alexander I, wanda ya faɗa empander II.Yaro da matasa
An haife shi nan gaba a ranar 6 ga Yuli (Yuni 25 a cikin fasaha.) 1796 a cikin sarki. Nikolai ya zama ɗan sarki na uku Paul Bulus Pain Fedorovna. Tun lokacin da ake wasa da yaron da aka yiwa yaron soja. A zamanin shekara-shekara, an karɓi darajan Kanal ta Kanalel, kuma cikin shekaru uku an bayar da shi ga bangarorin Glatestroas Regimes, tunda makomar yaron an gyara shi daga haihuwa. Dangane da al'adar Babban Duke, wanda ba magajin zai kai tsaye ga kursiyin, ya shirya don aikin soja.
Har zuwa shekaru hudu, an ba da labari game da kotun Nikolai tare da kotun Freiline Karlovna Von Live, bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, Paul ni, an ba wa ikon da alhakin aikin janar. Ilimi na gida Nikolai da ƙaramin ɗansa Mikhail shine nazarin tattalin arziki, tarihi, labarin ƙasa, injiniya da ƙarin kuɗi. An biya hankali sosai zuwa ga harsunan waje: Faransanci, Jamus da Latin.
Idan laccoci da azuzuwan akan kimanin ilimin jin kai da aka baiwa Nikolai tare da wahala, to duk abin da ya damu da al'amuran soja da injiniya, ya jawo hankalin sa. Sarkin nan gaba a matasan sa na makiyaya game da wasan a cikin gudu kuma ya dauki darussan zane. Saduwa da fasaha ya yarda Nikolai Pavlovich daga baya da za a ba shi Connoisseur na wasan opera da ballet.
Tun daga 1817, Babban Duke ya kafa sashin injiniyan Rasha. A karkashin jagorancin sa, an kirkiro cibiyoyin ilimi a kamfanin, batulabbai. A cikin 1819, Nikolay ya inganta bude makarantar Makarantar Injiniya da kuma makarantar masu siyar da masu tsaro.
A cikin rundunar dan uwan uwan Alexander I, ƙi son irin waɗannan halaye kamar kima mai yawa, rami don trifles da bushewa. Babban Duke shine mutumin da aka tsara don ya ci gaba da rage dokokin, amma a lokaci guda zai iya raguwa ga wani dalili.
A shekarar 1820, tattaunawar dattijon Alexander da Nikolai, lokacin da Sarki mai aiki ya ce an tura shi wajibai, kuma hakkin ya guga wa Nikolai. Labarin wani saurayi ya buge da labarai: Babu kuma tunanina ko kuma mai hankali ba a shirye don mai yiwuwa gudanar da Rasha.
Duk da zanga-zangar, Alexander a cikin Manifesto ya nuna wa wanda zai iya maye gurbin Nicholas da kuma gina bude takardu kawai bayan mutuwarsa kawai bayan mutuwarsa kawai bayan mutuwarsa kawai bayan mutuwarsa. Bayan haka, tsawon shekaru shida, da babban duke Duke bai banbanta da waje daga wannan: Nikolai ya shiga aikin soja, ya rufe cibiyoyin sojojin da suka gabatar da su.
Board da tawayen da suka fito
Disamba 1 (Nuwamba 19 a karkashin fasaha. Art.) 1825, Alexander Na mutu ba zato ba tsammani ya mutu. Sarkin ya kasance a wannan lokacin nesa da babban birnin Rasha, don haka, labarai masu bakin ciki na yadi sun sami mako guda. Saboda shakkar sa, Nikolai ya fara Konstantin I tsakanin Kotun da sojoji. Amma Royal ya buga majalisar da sarki ya buga jihar, wanda ke nuna magajin gari zuwa Nikolai Pavlovich.
Duke da babban duke ya kasance har yanzu m a cikin shawarar kada ya shiga wannan shawarar da take alhakin kuma sunkuyar da majalisa, dattijo da na rubuta su ga rantsar da tsohuwar ɗan'uwan. Amma Konstantin, wanda ke cikin Poland, ba zai zo St. Petersburg ba. Dan wasan mai shekaru 29 da haihuwa bai da wani abu, kamar yadda aka yarda da nufin Alexander I. Ranar Ganawar da aka shirya a ranar 26 ga Disamba (14 ga Disamba a Art).
A ranar Hauwa'u wahayi ta hanyar wahayi game da tunanin ikon sarauta da halittar wani lamari, mahalarta hadar da siyasa kuma ya canza tarihi . A cewar zargin da ake zargin kasar, bisa ga masu shirya tawayen S. Trobetsky, S. Murawvyova-ukbi, ya kamata ya zabi daya daga cikin siffofin gwamnati biyu: mulkin tsarin mulki ko Jamhuriyar.
Amma shirin masu juyin juya hali sun kasa, tunda sojoji ba su ci gaba ba, kuma an kashe kansa da sauri da sauri. Bayan an rataye fitina guda biyar, kuma masu halartar mahalarta an tura su zuwa mahaɗin. Kisan da K. F. Ryleyev, P. I. Pesel, P. G. Kakhyova hukuncin kisa ne da aka yi a duk shekarun mulkin Nicholas I.
Bikin aure na Babban Duke akan Mulkin ya faru ne a ranar 22 ga Agusta (3 Satumba 3 a karkashin dabarun da aka samu.) A cikin tsarin zato na Kremphlin. A watan Mayu 1829, Nicholas Na shiga cikin hannun dillalin mulkin Yaren mutanen Poland.
Siyasar ta cikin gida
Nicholas Na juya ya zama babban masarauta na tsarym. Ra'ayoyin Mai Ra'ayin sun kafa ne a kan Whales uku na Al'umman Rasha - Autoocracy, OtooDoxy da ƙasa. Dokokin Soh ya dauki daidai da shigarwa na kansa wanda ba zai yiwu ba. Nicholas na nemi ƙirƙirar sabon, amma don adana da haɓaka tsari mai gudana. A sakamakon haka, shugaban ya cimma burinsa.
Conseratism na Conservatism ya bambanta da sabon sarki a cikin dokar da dokar da ya ba da wani babban abin da ya fi girma a cikin kasar da ya kasance a mulkin Nikolai Iikailai na a kasar da gabatarwar na brutal codeship da kuma karbar lambar dokokin Rasha. Ragowar Ofishin Sirrin ya jagoranci Bentendorf, wanda ya shiga binciken siyasa.
Kasuwancin da aka buga kuma ya sake fasalin. An sa hannu kan takardar shaidar jihar ta hanyar tsarkakakkiyar kayayyaki da aka tsara da kuma watsar da abubuwan da ake tuhuma da ke adawa da tsarin mulkin. Canza canzawa da serfom.
An fara shan wajan da ba aare ba a Siberiya da kuma a cikin Urss, inda magudanar Lantarki ba tare da la'akari da sha'awar ba. Ana shirya kayayyakin abinci a cikin sabbin ƙauyuka, sun kasafta sabon agrotechnik. Abubuwan da suka faru da ake buƙata don soke serfom.
Nicholas Na nuna babbar sha'awa a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin injiniya. A cikin 1837, a kan tsarin sarki, an gama ginin layin dogo na farko, wanda aka haɗa Selo da Storstburg. Samun tunani na bincike da hangen nesa, Nicholas Na yi amfani da yadudduka na Turai don layin dogo. Don haka, sarki ya hana hadarin shigar azzakari cikin dabarun abokan gaba a Rasha.
Nicholas na taka rawa sosai a cikin karfin kudi na jihar. A shekara ta 1839, sarki ya fara gyara kudi, manufar wacce tsarin haɗin kai don lissafin tsabar kudi na azurfa da kayan aiki. Bayyanar kopecks canje-canje, a gefe ɗaya wanda aka buga farkon farkon mai mulki a yanzu. Ma'aikatar kudi ta fara da musayar karafa masu daraja a cikin yawan jama'a, tikiti na bashi. A cikin shekaru 10, baitulmali na jiha ya karu da zinari da azurfa.
Manufofin Harkokin Waje
A cikin manufofin kasashen waje, sarki ya nemi raguwa a cikin shigar azzakari mai sassaucin ra'ayi zuwa Rasha. Nicholas na nemi ƙarfafa matsayin jihar ta uku: Yammacin, gabas da kudu. Maigon sarki ya dakatar da dukkan yiwuwar tawaye da juyin juya hali a kan nahiyar Turai, bayan wanda ya zama daidai da "gefarme na Turai".
Bayan haka, Alexander na ci gaba da inganta dangantaka da dangantaka da Ostria. Sarki ya buƙaci karfafa iko a cikin Caucasus. Matar ta Gabas ta hada da dangantakar da Daular Ottoman, ragi wanda ya sa ya canza matsayin Rasha a Bahars Bahar Maliya.
Yaƙe-yaƙe da tashe-tashen hankula
A tsawon lokacin hukumar, Nicholas na jagoranci tashin hankali a kasashen waje. Da kyar ya inganta mulkin, sai sarki ya tilasta ya dauki gwarzon yakin Caucasian wanda ya fara zama tsohon ɗan'uwansa. A cikin 1826, Sarki ya buɗe kamfen na Rasha da Persian, sakamakon wanda shine Shiga cikin Armenia zuwa daular Rasha.
A cikin 1828, yakin Rasha-Baturke ya fara. A cikin 1830, sojojin Rasha sun ba da rahoton isar da Yaren mutanen Poland, wanda ya tashi bayan bikin aure a 1829 ta Nicholas ga mulkin Yaren mutanen Poland. A cikin 1848, dazuzzuka sun lalace a Hungary da sake dawo da sojojin Rasha.
A cikin 1853, Nicholas na fara yakin Cresan, wanda ya zama wanda ya juya ga mai mulkin ta rushewar aikin siyasa. Rashin tsammanin cewa sojojin Turkiyya daga Ingila da Faransa na taimaka, za a taimaka wa Faransa na rasa kamfen din soja. Rasha ta rasa tasiri a kan Tekun Bahar Maliya, da ta rasa damar da za su gina da kuma amfani da sansanin soja a bakin tekun.
Rayuwar sirri
Nikolai Pavlovich tare da matar aure ta gaba, Princess Princess, 'yar Friedrich Wilhelm III, ya gabatar da Alexander Na auri kungiyar Rasha-Prussia. Kafin bikin aure, gimbiya ta Jamusanci ta yarda da Ortodoxy, sunan Alexander Fedorovna ya samu a baftisma.
Shekaru 9 na aure a cikin babban Bahar, Alexander da 'ya'ya mata uku sun haife - Maryamu, Olga, Alexander. Bayan da takwas daga cikin kursiyin da aka gabatar a gabatar da Nikholas Har yanzu ni gida uku - Konstanen, Nikola, Mikhaila, da haka yana samar da kursiyin da magada. Tare da matarsa, sarki ya rayu cikin jituwa da mutuwa.
Mutuwa
Tsanani da rashin lafiya tare da mura a farkon 1855, Nicholas da nake hade da tsoro kuma, a farkon Fabrairu ya fito kan sansanin soja. Sarkin ya so ya tallafawa sojoji da jami'an da suka riga sun rasa a cikin yakin Crimean.
A cikin sinima, ƙwaƙwalwar ERA da Sarki kuma an kama Emperor a cikin fiye da fina-33. Hoton Nicholas na samu a kan allo ko da a lokacin silin silin. A cikin zane na zamani, tashoshin fim ɗin da aka tuna da masu sauraron sa a cikin ayyukan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo V. LIVanova, Yu. Yakovlev, M. Basharov.
A cikin 2019, Drander Tarihi na tarihi "Alexander na Cotta an buga shi, wanda ya ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru da suka fito da tawayen. An gudanar da rawar da sarki na Ivan Koldikov.