Tari
A lokacin rayuwa na mawaƙiya, magoya baya sun ƙaryata faranti 40. Don abin da aka makala a Ella Jane Fitzgerald gabatar da gabatar da kida na kundin hotuna 90, gami da Solo da rubuce tare da sauran taurari na duniya. A shekarun 1950, wannan hadisin gayyatar Uwargida Jazz zuwa kide kide da ke fadakarwa.Masu sukar masu sukar sunyi jayayya cewa mawaƙa "ta buge" iyakokin damar zartarwa kuma har ma za su yi rajistar directory idan yana so. Fitzgerald gudanar da yin wani abu babu wanda ya aikata shi: ita ce mai magana da kayan kida. Ella ya bayyana mu'ujjiza:
"Na yi tunanin kaina a Tenor-Saxophone."Lauren 13-ninka lambobin yabo na 13 da mai daraja sun juya zuwa cikin tatsuniyar jazz, sunanta ya zama mai wasan kwaikwayo don kiɗan da magoya.
Yaro da matasa
An haife shi "Lady Jazz" a cikin bazara na 1917 a cikin Newport News. Daga iyaye Elle Samu Afirka da Jihirin Irish. William Fuzgerald ya juya batter na cokali mai yatsa. Ya jefa matar budurru mai shekaru 23 - ƙaddamar da wani lokaci na tempi - jim kadan bayan haihuwar jariri Ella Jane. Don tsira, Tepranta tare da karamin yarinya ya koma zuwa "gurasa" a kudu maso gabas na New York.
A cikin jana'izar, matar ta sadu da baƙi daga Portugal, kuma bayan shekaru 6, Ella ya bayyana 'yar'uwar ta Francis. Mazaƙin da ke da 'yantu suna halartar kowace hidimar ranar Lahadi. Anan Ella fitzgerald an fara sayar da waƙoƙi, a hankali ya janye waƙoƙin Afirka ta ruhaniya - Linjila ga Black Coci Cocals.
Mahaifiyar da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun tare da ƙarewa: isasshen kuɗi don abinci da haya na ɗakin. Amma babba da ya girma da farin ciki mai farin ciki wanda ya ga jam'iyyun masu haske a cikin gaskiyar da ke kewaye. Ella Fitzgerald ya sha sha'awar sinima, kiɗan, rawa da wasanni. Kasancewa shi kadai, yarinyar tana sanya faranti na Connie Boswell kuma koya waƙar, maimaitawa na mutum zuwa ɗaya. Kamar dukkan yadi mai duhu-mai launin fata, Ella ya rawa kuma ya yi imani cewa rawar da za su zama sana'arta.
Yana da shekara 14, Fitzgerald Osapotel: Mama ta mutu daga bugun zuciya. Ella ya zira karatu karatu kuma ba da daɗewa ba hanyar zuwa makaranta. Saboda yawan abin kunya tare da uba, yarinyar ta bar gida kuma zauna a Harlem a Inna. Amma a makaranta, murkushe sunan Jazz na gaba bai dawo ba. Don kawo kuɗi zuwa gidan, ƙaramar ella fugzgerald ya zauna a Harlem Bridet na Karlem Bridet na Karlem na Kadyenderder, ga gabar rayuwarsa.
Ba da daɗewa ba yarinyar tana sha'awar sabis masu kula da sanda. Ella Jane ya fadi zuwa marayu a cikin bronhani, daga inda ba da jimawa ba za a kwashe shi zuwa makarantar kwana don 'yan mata. Found Fitzgerald 'yanci ya tsere daga makarantar kwana na Huddonan kuma ta sami kansa a kan titi: dawowar gidan na yau daidai da dawowa ga bangon jirgin.
Kiɗa
Ella Fitzgerald ya dawo Harlem, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan rawa a cikin kulake. Farashin ya jefa damuwar ta ta fita daga cikin fitinar talauci: A watan Nuwamba 1934, novice sticistists da rawa sun shiga wasan kwaikwayo na Amateur. Fitzgerald ya shiga rawa kuma ya zo gasa, amma a ranar da ya gabata kafin ƙaddamar da lambar abokan hamayya: Lambar rawa ta Ella ta maye gurbin.Don yin Ella Fitzgerald, akwai sutura ɗaya, kaɗan a kan matakin. A karo na farko, yarinyar da aka saki kan abin da ya rikice ta rikice da fahimtar da muryar cewa muryar ta ɓace. Mai aikatawa ya katse shi da wani abin dariya da kuma, lokacin da ya shiga dan takara, ya ba ta dama na biyu. Abincin da aka sanya na Judy Ella raba to Hall na OneMal daga sha'awa. Fitzgerald ya yi nasara da karɓar sakamako: $ 25 da Angovely a Apollo na mako guda.
Tsarin rayuwar Ella Fitzgerald ya ci gaba sosai. Mataki na farko na murabus ya mamaye shekara ta 1935, lokacin da aka kai ta shahararren Jazz orchestra Webba. Don duba kai, yarinyar ta jagoranci Volist Charles Linton, wanda a dandana Chick Uebrusted don nemo mawaƙa.
Dubi marar gani da rashin kwanciyar hankali, a kafaffun waɗanne takalman maza "sun mamaye", Chik ya ƙi saurare. Amma Linton ya nace, kuma Webb sallama. Bayan sun saurari matasa mawaƙa, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila. A wannan shekarar, Ella Fitzgerald ya yi rikodin an jera shi tare da Webku Ochchestra.
Tun daga bazara na 1935, Fitzgerald yi a kan mataki "Apollo" da kuma a Harlem Dance Hall "Savoy". Ba da daɗewa ba rawa ta sami shahara: masu sauraro ya tona asirin Savoy don sauraron Ella, daga ko'ina cikin garin. Middice mawaƙa masu rauni sun yi mamakin jin sautin murhu da haskenta, "rawa".
Ba da daɗewa ba ƙwararrun matasa tsarkakakku na Fitzgerd mawaƙa suka firgita kuma sun yaba da duk frets. New Albums cewa Ella Rikodin tsari tare da ingantaccen tsari, masu jijiyoyin zuciya sun sake su. Mawa'a sun zama sananne, an gayyaci rediyo da kuma sadarwa.
Benny Goodman ya yi maraba da fitzgerald akan wasan kwaikwayonsa, kuma Teddy Hill yana da rauni a raira waƙa tare da Orchestra. Amma Ella ya dawo a shekara zuwa Webbu, tuna cewa godiya gare shi ba a san yarinyar ba, yana da wuya a ga wanda kide kide.
Tare da Chikik Webb Vochalist ya yi aiki da shekaru 7 da suka gabata na rayuwarsa. Bayan mutuwar Maestro Ella, ya dauki Orchestra ya jagoranci, amma a 1942 ya koma zuwa matakin: sha'awar ta sadaukar da karfin kawai. A wancan lokacin, Ella Fitzgerald - Mawaki mai ban sha'awa Pop wanda aka lalata shi azaman kayan aikin zafi. Amma hanyar Jazz kawai ta fara.
Mai yin mai yin sihiri da sihiri Jois Armstrong kuma bai maimaita da saurayin ba tare da nasara ba. Ba da da ewa Ella fitzgeral ya zo ga wayar da kai da bukatar neman nicihe, kuma ba rera waƙoƙin mutane. Maigidan ya koya don inganta shi da tsakiyar shekarun 1940 ya zama wani mawaƙa, canzawa har ma da bayyanar. Tana ɗaukar kan iyaka tsakanin muryar da kayan aiki.
A cikin tauraruwar tauraruwar tauraron dan wasa ya zo ne a cikin shekaru bayan haka, lokacin da Biyu Bob ya zo don maye gurbin Jazz na gargajiya. Spet Ella Flying Gida da Uwargida zama kyakkyawa, kuma an zama kyakkyawa, ta zama Jagor Art Fordices. A shekarar 1945, wanda ya yi nasara a watan Maris "Lady Jazz" a nahiyoyi sun fara. Ba da daɗewa ba Fitzgerald rikodin da duk ni - buga, wanda Louis Armstrong da Billy Holiday.
Don cikakken bayyana yawan baiwa na Jazz na masu amfani da Jagora sun taimaka manajan Manajan Norta Granista sun taimaka. Ya tilasta wa Amurka da Turai da Turai don gane Jazz Art, kuma ba kawai nau'in sautin murya ba. A cikin rayuwar Ella fitzgeral, wannan mutumin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa. Ya dauki batun gidan mawaƙa na mawaƙa, ya ɗauki jadawalin da ya kamata, ba da izinin Elle don aika ƙarfi zuwa wani abu.
Hit Summerime Ella Fitzgerald Sanco da kuma a cikin duet tare da Armstrong. Guda ɗaya cikin kisan ta ya shigar da baitulmalin duniya na Jazz.
Tare tare da Louis Armstrong vocalstrong ya fitar da diski na Studio 3. Biyu sun hada da ka'idojin jazz, kuma na uku wani tsari ne na wasan opera "porgi da bess" na mawaki Gershhvin. Daya daga cikin mafi yawan shirye-shirye sune "Lullaby."
Cinema Ella Fitzgedalald ta Ella ya kasance koyaushe. A cikin 1955 ta sami damar yin wasa a fim din "Blues Peet Kelly". Darakta Jack Webb da aka gayyata da mawaƙa zuwa Maggie Jackson. Anyi amfani da sukar sunyi kyau hadu da hoton, amma ya bayyana cewa ya kamata a gani ga waɗancan mintuna 5 lokacin da Fitzgerald ya bayyana akan allon.
1950-60 - Mafi yawan shekaru masu yawa na tauraron Afirka na Amurka. Abokan aiki da abokai na Ella sun yi magana game da ƙarfin aiki mai ban mamaki. Ta rufe kawai a cikin mafarki, sauran mosive sun kasa sauran, zaɓuɓɓuka masu yin zane, ci gaba.
A shekarun 1960, miliyoyin sun bayyana a Ella, amma kuɗin ya rasa darajar: Rayuwa ta sami hankali a kan mataki. Ella Fitzgerald sangare har zuwa farkon 1990s, har sai ya rasa lafiyarsa da muryoyinsa. A ƙarshe lokacin da ta tafi kan mataki a cikin 1992. Mawaƙa mai shekaru 79 da aka kashe a kan mataki sama da shekaru 60.
Rayuwar sirri
Ella Jane ya yi aure sau biyu. A karo na farko da ta tafi a ƙarƙashin kambi a 24, a farkon Yaƙin Duniya na II. Tare da Benny Corneggg, tauraron ya yi shekara biyu ya yi wa ba su ɗaure su ba.
A karo na biyu, Alla Fitzgederal ya zama mace mai aure a shekarar 1947. Her zaɓaɓɓen launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa ɗan Afirka ne wanda ya taka a kan bass sau biyu. Wannan Unionungiyar ta fi tsayi, amma kuma ta ƙare da kisan. Aure-shekara da aure ya rushe cikin dalili guda: matsalolin dangi sun shagala da mawaƙa daga babban - waƙa.
Shiga cikin hotunan gettyAmma kawo karshen aure bai sanya ma'ana a cikin dangantakar ma'aurata ba - Fitzgerald da Brown da aka ɗaura da wanda aka karɓa daga Ella. Tsohon ma'aurata sun ci gaba da yin aiki tare kuma a mataki. Ray Brown Jr. ya tashi da iyaye masu tallafi kuma ya zama shahararren Jazzman.
A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, jaridu sun rubuta game da aure na uku "Lady Jazz" tare da mawaƙa lash, amma babu tabbacin jita-jita.
Mutuwa
A tsakiyar shekarun 1970, kiwon lafiya Ella Fitzgerald morewa: Ciwon sukari ya kamu da cutar. Mawaƙa ta bace muryar, amma ta ci gaba da ci gaba da tafiya.A cikin 1986 na Vochalist, sun yi aiki a zuciya, kuma a cikin 1993 - kafafun biyu suka yanke shawara.
Shiga cikin hotunan gettyDosing bayan da ci gaba cataracts, a cikin keken hannu Ella Fitzgerald ya yi ritaya a gidansa a cikin Beverly Hills.
Ofan Ray da kuma 'jikan Alice sun kasance kusa da matar. Ba masu shahararrun mutane a 1996 ba. Na binne tauraron Jazz a makabartar California, wanda bai rayu ba kafin bikin 80th.
Tari
- 1950 - Ella waka Gershwin
- 1954 - waƙoƙi a cikin yanayin m
- 1955 - mai dadi da zafi
- 1957 - Porgy da Bess
- 1958 - Yi farin ciki!
- 1960 - Sannu, Soyayya
- 1961 - Ella a Hollywood
- 1965 - Ella a Hamburg
- 1968 - Sunshine na ƙaunarku
- 1974 - Ella a London
- 1979 - Cikakken wasa
- 1983 - Matar Sophulster