Tari
Ursula Le Guin sanannen marubucin Amurka ne wanda yake ƙaunar magoya bayan almara. Ana iya faɗi cewa ursla mai kirkira ne a cikin wannan nau'in, tunda ayyukansa ana daukar su duka jumlolin almara da kuma matsalolin zamantakewa.
An haifi Orsula Kreter Le Guin Oktoba 21, 1929 a cikin garin San Francisco Bay (wanda ke gabashin gabashin San Francisco Bay (wanda yake, Amurka). Marubucin ya yi sa'a tare da wurin haihuwa, saboda ana ɗaukar Berkeley ɗayan ɗayan biranen da yawancin biranen Amurka.
Bugu da kari, asara daga babban mukami, wanda ya fara ne a cikin 1929, bai shafi mazaunan wannan gari ba saboda tsarin ilimin da aka kirkira. Har ila yau, a karkashin tasirin jami'ar a cikin birni, fasahar zamani ta fito. Ursula ya girma kuma ya fito da shi a cikin babban gidan Alfer Luis Krenkh da matarsa Theodora Krereter. Marubucin yana da 'yan'uwa uku da suka gabata daga uwa da ta gabata: Clidar, Fedor da Karl.
Mahaifin marubucin, wanda aka haife shi a cikin gidan masu fama da Jamusawa, masanin ilimin kimiyyar Idiyawa, a matsayin malamin gidan kayan tarihin ilimin kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar California. Alfred Louis masanin kimiyyar masani ne kuma ya halarci abubuwan da suka shafi tarihi, wanda ya rinjayi labarin, da labaran nasa da tunaninsa na musamman sun sami nasara. Ya zo ga batun cewa mutanen zamanin da alama suna yin niyya, sun fara girma gemu da gashin-baki, kuma lokacin rayuwarsa ya sami sunan dan adam da na Amurka.
Uwar Ursula marubuci ne, da aka sani a cikin kunkuntar da'ira, wanda ya zama marubucin asalin Ishi - na ƙarshen a duniyar yarka. Faɗin mai zuwa na gaba ya girma cikin saiti mai hankali: Theodore da Alfru sun tattauna wa littattafan, kimiyya da labarai a duniya don karin kumallo. Ursula ya kayi kuturu suna jin wadannan tattaunawar manya. Kamar yadda ake tsammani, Le Guin ya kamu da karantawa da adabi daga farkon shekaru, a 7 ta riga ta ƙunshi waƙoƙi. Lokacin da yarinyar baiwa ta kasance shekara 9, ta rubuta wani labari mai ban mamaki.
Bayan shekaru biyu, Ursula ya zama marubucin labarin labarin masanin kimiyya da aka aiko zuwa ga "ban mamaki na ban mamaki". Kodayake editan ya ki buga aiki a shafukan mujallar, marubucin saurayi bai rage hannunsa ba kuma ya ci gaba da shiga cikin ayyukan da aka fi so. Le Guin ya halarci makarantar sakandare a cikin asalin ƙasa Berkeley. Yarinya Corvel a kan litattafan halittu game da ilmin halitta da kuma karbar wakoki, amma da dalibi ya sami tabbataccen Troika: Dalibin da ake bayarwa da tsarin algebobi.
Bayan an karɓi takardar sheda na balaga, Ursula ci gaba da karatunsa, musamman a cikin littattafan Romanesalme. Zabi ta fadi a kan Kwalejin Radcliff na Jami'ar Harvard. Marubucin digiri na biyu ya samu a Jami'ar Columbia.
Litattafai
Kodayake Ursula ya rubuta labarun yara da yawa, tarin bayanai masu mahimmanci, maganganu masu mahimmanci, masu karatu sun saba da fahimtar Le Guin-maganganun masana kimiyya, amma matar da kanta tana kiran kansa marubuci na kimiyya. Littattafan ta sun banbanta da ayyukan Tolkien ko Martin, saboda Ursupory mai nauyinsa da ilimin rashin hankali.
A cikin duniyar almara, marubucin ya sadu da gaske abubuwa: Leedophobicallically computations, Xenophobia, Feminism da sauran mulkokin al'umma. Saboda haka, aikinta da wahala ya dace a cikin tsarin ra'ayoyin zamani game da almara na kimiyya. Le Guinine ya mai da hankali ne a kan asalin mutum kuma ya bayyana cikakken bayani game da rayuwar rayuwar almara.
Hakanan yana da daraja a lura cewa salon rubutun na Ursala yana da ƙarfi da kuma fahimta. Marubucin baya ɗaukar ayyukan ta hanyar wuce gona da iri ko kuma ba da shawarwari masu zurfi kuma bai ba da labarin game da kwanakin dukan dokar da mugunta da mugunta ba. Amma a shafuffukan littattafan ta, ana bin tunanin zurfin tunani, wanda Le Guda ya sami cancantar girmamawa. Dangokin jirgin Roma na Roman "Planet Rockannon" an buga shi a shekarar 1966. Labarin farko na marubucin "Semamen Semam" (1964) ya zama nazarin wannan aikin.
Wannan littafin, yana gaya wa duniyar duniyar fasaha, ta gabatar da mai karatu tare da abubuwa masu ban mamaki, kuma suna tafiya tare da babban gwarzo na Rockannon a kan sararin samaniya.
Le Guin ya fi son fahimta game da karancin bayanai na aikin, alal misali, marubucin na musamman wanda ya ba da tabbacin haɗin kai tsaye tsakanin abubuwan da ke cikin sararin samaniya daga juna. Hakanan, ana amfani da wannan mu'ujiza a cikin labarin "kalma na gandun daji da duniya daya" (1972).
A shekarar 1968, Ursula yana fara aiki a kan "ƙasa maharci mai mahimmanci, wanda ya haɗa da littattafai shida:" Kabarin Atatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Atatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Atatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoana "," Kabarin Artatoan "," Kebhana "," a kan sauran iska "Da tarin labaru na ƙasar ƙasa". Marubucin ya kirkiro marubucin shine Archipelago, wanda ya kasu kashi kananan tsibirin da mutane, masu ba da labari, masu sihiri, masu sihiri da fariya. A cikin wannan duniya, sihiri ya zama abin mamaki ne na allahntaka, amma talakawa na rayuwa.
A shekara ta 2004, sanannen darekta Robert Liberman cire fim ne ya samo asali ne a kan sake zagayowar Lafiya ", inda Rouger na Sebastian, Jennifer Calvert da sauran fina-finai. Ba duk magoya baya da marubutan sun kimanta aikin Liyerman: A ra'ayinsu, don dacewa da littattafan ursula 6 a lokacin mintuna 170 kusan ba zai yiwu ba.
A cikin 1969, Ursula Le Guin ya faranta wa magoya bayan Roman "hagu na duhu". A cikin wannan aikin, marubucin ya yi mai da hankali a bayanin 'yan matan da ke cikin hunturu, da kuma Ursula ya gaya wa ayyukan jima'i da kuma kiwon yara. Amma wannan ba labari bane kawai game da almara, amma mummunan labari tare da jabu wanda ba a iya faɗi ba.
A shekarar 1973, Le Guin ya ba da sha'awa na likitan zuciya da ake kira "barin daga omeele". Wannan labarin ya haifar da matsalolin falsafa masu mahimmanci: alal misali, ko mutanen da aka jefa a gefen rayuwa suna iya kasancewa a cikin wata al'umma mai farin ciki da 'yan ƙasa masu farin ciki da ke da rikitarwa da makomar "Scapege".
Abin lura ne cewa Fedor Dostaevsky a cikin littafin labari "'yan uwan Karamaziv" ya taɓa wannan batun. Wannan aikin Ursaula ya cancanci ya karbi kyautar Hugo don mafi kyawun labarin (1974). Hakanan a cikin Arsenal Le Guin akwai shahararrun saƙonnin rubutu "Locu 14," hakori "da sauransu da yawa.
Rayuwar sirri
Tare da miji na gaba, Charles Le Guin Ursula ya gana da haduwa a Faransa, inda ya tafi a karkashin shirin Fulbright. Marubucin ƙaunataccen ɗan asalin ƙasar Faransa ne, farfesa ne na tarihi. A cikin 1953, Ursula da Charles sun tsallaka dangantakar aure kuma tun daga ranar kwanaki suna da hannu a hannu, suna ajiye juna. An san matan yara uku (Alisabatu da Caroline 'ya'ya mata, da kuma ɗan allonor), da jikoki guda huɗu, dabbobi huɗu masu aminci da yawa.
Ursula baya son gaya wa bayanan rayuwar kansa. An san shi ne kawai da cewa wanzuwar ta kwantar da hankali da monotonous. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, marubucin ya yarda cewa, da ya samu tsofaffi, ba su zauna lafiya da kuma karantawa Chaipy da Jane Austin Rilke da Jane Austin Rilke da Jane Austin Rilke da Jane Austin Rilke da Jane Austin Rilke Hakanan a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka fi son Ursula, an san guni na wallafe-wallafen Bulgakov, Zamyata da goncharov an jera su.
Haka kuma, littattafan da marubutan litattafai basu da wani takamaiman fifiko: mace ba ta kira sunan jerin abubuwan da ba daidai ba, tunda gwagwarmayar da gwagwarmaya don Championship bai dace ba. Hakanan, da 'yan matan Le Guin a cikin maraice da aka nuna fina-finai da wani lokacin sun tafi wurin da aka bari da kuma barin wuri - kudu maso gabas tare da shi kadai da yanayi.
Mutuwa
A cikin 2017, Ursule Le Guin ya juya shekara 87. Aikin ƙarshe da aka rubuta a cikin 2008 - Wannan shi ne labarin "Lavinia".Marubucin ya mutu a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 2018 a gidansa a Portland. A cewar dan Theodore, watanni na karshe na lafiyar Ursula bai yi mahimmanci ba.
Littafi daya
- "Planet Rockannon" (1966);
- "Semlie abun wuya" (1964);
- "Mai sihiri na duniya" (1968);
- "Hannun hannun hagu" (1969);
- "Birbamba na Artuana" (1970);
- "A cikin gaci na ƙarshe" (1972);
- "Kalma ga gandun daji da duniya ɗaya" (1972);
- "Daga anema" (1973);
- "Tekhan" (1990);
- "A kan sauran iska" (2001);
- "Tarihin duniya" (2001, Tarin);
- "Ranar haihuwar duniya" (2002);
- "Dasawa" (2003);
- "Rage Dar" (2004);
- "Lavinia" (2008).