Tari
Alexander Sokurov - Darakta, marubuci, dan wasan kwaikwayo, Mashter na Cinema na Rasha da ma'aikacin gwamnati. Sunan wannan mutumin da yanke shawarar karatun fim din Turai ta zama a cikin jerin mafi kyawun mafi kyawun Makarantar Duniya.Yaro da matasa
Alexander Nikolaevich an haife shi a Yuni 14 ga Yuni, 1951 a yankin Irmutsk, a cikin ƙaramin ƙauyen Podorvikh. Amma yanzu wannan yanki na amfanin gona, inda ƙasar ta kasance mai wadatar dankali da kayan marmari, saboda a cikin ambaliyar ruwa da kuma ambaliyar ruwa a lokacin cika na irkutsk reresvoir.
Sokurov ya girma da aka kawo a cikin gidan Frontovik. Darektan Paparoma - mahalarta a cikin babban yakin mai kishin, wanda ya lura a kan fagen fama ta hanyar featsa. Saboda gaskiyar cewa mahaifin Alexander Nikolyevichic mahaifin soja ne soja, ana yawan da dangin Sokurov daga wuri zuwa wuri. A saboda haka, wani adadi na Cinema na gaba ya fara fahimtar difloma a Jamhuriyar Jamhuriyar Jamhuriyar, kuma ya karɓi takardar shaidar ilimin sakandare a cikin Sunny Turkmenistan.
Bayan kammala karatu daga makaranta, saurayin ya ci gaba da ilimi, a shekarar 1968 zabinsa ya fadi a Jami'ar Gorky State, wanda yake a Nozhny Novgorood. Sokurov ya zama ɗalibin ƙungiyar tarihi, kuma a cikin 1974 ya sami difloma. Wataƙila Alexander Nikolaevich zai zama babban malami yana gaya wa ɗalibai game da manufar Ivan Marin, game da dabarun da aka yi da sauran abubuwa da sauran abubuwa da sauran abubuwa da yawa, amma makomar Sokurov ta yi ta gyara.
Alexander ya yanke shawarar yin rayuwa tare da fim din, don haka a 1975 ya shiga VGik. A nan, saurayin ya fara halartar aikin kirkirar binciken da fina-finai a karkashin jagorancin Alexander Mikhailovich Zucidi, da ya sadu da shi Yuri Abramov.
Sokurov ɗalibin ɗalibi ne, don haka yarda da iyaye da biyar a cikin littafin bashi, don wanda aka ba shi babbar takardar izinin Sergei Eisnstein. Tariwar da ba a bayyana ba da kuma maganin ya taimaka wa Alexander Nikolayevich don wuce jarrabawar waje da kuma kammala shi daga VGIK har shekara ɗaya kafin lokacin ƙarshe. Amma don irin wannan mataki, na nan gaba ya bai ba shi son son zuciyarsa ba, amma saboda tsananin rikici ne bisa tushen tsari. Hakanan, makomar fim din baiwa baiwa ce da anti-Soviet munanan.
Fina-finai
Asali, Alexander Nikolayevich ta cire ƙwarewar direbuna, cire gajerun bidiyo. Ata daga cikin aikin Sokurov a cikin cikakken mita shine fim ɗin da ake kira "Muryar ɗan adam", dangane da ayyukan Andrei Plateov. Cire a 1978, shugabancin Cibiyar ba ta amince da halaka ba. Shafin Sergey ya ceci Yizditsky, maye gurbin fim da tara asalin, duk da haka, tana jiran wani shekara 9.Abin lura ne cewa fim ɗin, wanda ya so ya kawar da shi, ya zama wanda aka zaɓa da kuma maimaitawa a bukukuwan fim da yawa. Yana da daraja a lura cewa aikin cikakken aiki na Alexander Sokurov ya sami kyakkyawar amsa daga cikin Cinema na Rasha na Andrei Tarkovsky, wanda daga baya ya taimaka wa wani abokin aikin abokin gaba. Ya yi imani da cewa Sokuurova yana da wani baƙon abu, mara tabbas, ko da wawa, ba zai iya fahimta ba, rashin fahimta. Amma duk da wannan, wanda ake kira Daraktan Genius.
Bayan haka, wani saurayi yana so ya yi tarayya da rayuwa tare da Mosfilm, amma yanayin aikinsa ba a shirya shi ba. Saboda haka, zaɓin Sokurov ya faɗi akan Lenfilm. A kan shawarar Tarovsky an yi rikodin shi a cikin 1980. A cikin 1981, Alexander Noolaevich ya zama darektan da ba shi da matsala "Dmitry Castakovich. Alto Sonata, "wacce ta faɗi game da mawuyacin hali da kuma game da batun tracky na ɗan wasa mara izini.
A cikin 1986, masu sauraro sun ga tefurov ta Sekurov "tare da Alla Osipenko, Irina Sokolova da Vladimir Zamansky a manyan ayyuka. Fim shine karbuwa da takaitsan Bernard Shaw "gidaje da zukata suka karye."
Alexander Nikolaevich ya zama marubucin gajeren fina-finai ", wanda ya karbi kyautar gudanarwa ta Memkf da lambar musamman na ƙwaƙwalwar Andrei Tarovsky. Amma wannan fim ɗin ma ya tafi hotunan hotunan da ya jinkirta shekaru uku.
Ba abin mamaki bane cewa aikin Alexander Nikolayevich ya kasance yana yin zargi, tunda abin da aka sa a kan fifikon Goskino da jijiyoyin 1980 ba a shigar da aikin ba.
A saboda wannan dalili, Tarovsky ya shirya aboki a kasashen waje, amma Sekurov ya ki da 'yan siyasa, asalin ƙasa da al'ummarsa suka girmama shi. A ƙarshen 1980s, halin da ake ciki ya canza: finafinan da bai sami samfuran da aka yi birgima ga Rasha a kan dukkan nau'ikan bukukuwa ba.
An yi fim a cikin Sojojin Sojojin Arcadia da Boris sun kashe fim din 'yan fina-finai 100 mafi kyau a cikin dukkan tarihin fim na Rasha.
A cikin 1994, Alexander Nikolaevich ya gabatar ga jama'a wani abin wasan kwaikwayo mai wanzuwa "Shafukan shuru", inda rajistocin Alexander ya yi wasa da Sergey Barkovsky. Wannan tef ya kasance irin fassarar ayyukan Recaikov na karni na XIX. Makircin ya dogara ne akan Roman F. M. Dostovsky "aikata horo". Darakta na fim yayi kokarin maimaita yanayin, wanda yake impregnated ta littafin Fyaodor Mikhattic.
Sabuwar karni ya fara ne saboda fim din fim din game da rayuwa da al'adun marubucin Jafananci Tosio Sio. Yana da mahimmanci cewa an yi fim ɗin ta hanyar umarnin tashar talabijin ta tashi.
"Moloch", da aka buga a 1999, ya zama tef na halarta wanda ake kira "tetraly na iko" - jerin ƙarfi game da wakilan yanayin siyasa na su. A ɓangaren farko, Adolf Hitler, wanda aka saka a cikin firam Leonid mozrekov, ya zama babban halin. Fim, wanda aka buga a Jamus, don aminci mafi girma ya yi fim a cikin tsaunin bazara na Hitler - Kelstinhaus.
Ci gaba da Tetraloy a cikin 2000 Wasan wasan kwaikwayo ne "Taurus". Babban aikin kuma wannan lokacin ya tafi Leonid Mozpoy - ya buga wasan Vladimir Ilyich Lenin a cikin shekarun da ya gabata na rayuwarsa. Hoton ya karbi kyautar NIKA a cikin nadin shekaru 7, gami da mafi kyawun aikin dare. Fim na gaba na jerin da ake kira "Rana" na Sokur sadaukarwar da aka sadaukar don Emperor Emperor Hirohito.
Aikin gwaji na Darakta shine kintinkiri game da tarihin fadar hunturu "Jirgin Russian Rashanci", a jere shi da sau biyu ba tare da amfani da gyara ba.
A shekara ta 2009, Alexander Nikolaevichic ya faranta wa magoya bayansa tare da fim din fim din "mun karanta littafin toshe", wanda Oleg Baskova da Ivan Krasko.
Muhimmin taron shine bude wajan bita, da farko a sashen sashen Sokurov, da farko a Ma'aikatar Cinema da talabijin Kbubu, sannan kuma a Cibiyar Petersburg ta Cinema da talabijin ta Petersburg.
Wahayi zuwa ga aikin Johan Wolfgang Von Goethe, Daraktocin ya cire na karshe, kashi na 4 na Tetralogy - Fantasy Drayhe "Fantasy". An ba da wannan hoton da yawa masu daraja, daga cikinsu shine "zaki na zinar".
Alexander Nikolaevich ya sake gina filin fim din Francophony ta Faransa, Jamus da Netherlands FilmograGy. A cikin 2015, Jagora gabatar da shi a bikin fim din tare da Catherine Msituridze. A cikin tsari mai tsauri, tef of Sokurov da kansa ya yi magana da labarin.
A shekara ta 2018, Daraktan ya zama memba na fim din fim din "Walkning ya doke shi a ranar 100 ga Haihuwar marubucin Rasha Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
Matsayin jama'a
Alexander Nofolaevich ya bayyana a koyaushe, a cikin hirar, ya faɗi magana da kansa a matsayin kasuwancin da aka fi so da kuma ra'ayoyin sa a kan siyasa ko na Rasha.
"Na yi imanin cewa halin da ake ciki ana iya canza yanayin daga sama. Kuma zai yi kyau a fara ne a saman, idan mutum da cikakken jin kai, cikakken jin kai ya zama a kan shugaban kasa, "in ji Sakkurov ya ce wakilin Fontani.Bugu da kari, Alexander Nikolaevich ya yi magana game da rikici tare da Ukraine: A ra'ayinsa, Ukrainers nasa ne na mutane ne na musamman wadanda suke da 'yancin da'awar daban.
A shekara ta 2018, Sokurov ya zama memba na majalisa karkashin shugaban kungiyar Rasha da kungiyar Tarayyar Rasha don ci gaban ƙungiyoyin fararen hula da kuma haƙƙin ɗan adam.
Darakta, tare da Vladimir Spivakov da Theodore Kurtanzis, dan wasan Boris Grebenchomov da sauran alamu na al'adu sun nemi auren Nagorno-Kararabh zuwa ga jerin gwanon duniya da kiyayewa.
Rayuwar sirri
Rayuwar mutum na Alexander Sokurov ya yi kama da littafin guda bakwai. An yi imanin cewa Darakta ya kasance mai kishi na yi tsoratarwa na yi, domin a wani aiki a kan mai siyar da fari, maimakon mata da yara.An san cewa 'ya'yan itacen da aka hana suna da daɗi. Sabili da haka, sararin sadarwar jama'a ne don kafofin watsa labarai. Ba sau daya ba, labarai ne ya harbe shi da cewa ana zargi labarai a asirce a asirce tare da matan wasu daraktoci da kuma masu ba da biyan kudi masu arziki. Amma waɗannan jita-jita na rawaya Press ba su da ingantaccen tabbaci.
Hotuna tare da 'yan matan da ke nuna a cikin wallafe-wallafen kawai sun tabbatar da cewa mashahuri yana tare a cikin firam na mata kawai - abokan aiki ne akan bitar.
Alexander Sokur Yanzu
Yanzu daraktocin har yanzu ba tare da son kai ba a cikin silima da gwaje-gwajen da ke cikin wannan yanki.
A cikin 2021, mahaifiya ta lura da bikin murnar, Alexander Nikolayevich ya juya shekara 70. A dangane da kwanan wata, yawancin wallafe-wallafe da aka ƙaddamar da su ga Darakta, iri ɗaya jubilee ya ba da wata hira da Novaya Gazega. Sokurov ya yi magana game da shekaru a cikin samuwar a cikin sana'a, gami da dangantaka mai wahala da KGB da kuma gwagwarmaya don ganin kai na kai a cikin yanayin rashin karfi.
Alexander Nikolaevich ya bayyana da rashin jituwa da ayyukan Ma'aikatar Al'adu, ya yi imanin cewa wannan sashen ya daɗe yana nauyin da ke kai tsaye, wato ci gaban masana'antu.
Filmography
- 1980 - "Rage"
- 1986 - "ampir"
- 1988 - "Kwanakin Eclipse"
- 1990 - "da'irar na biyu"
- 1992 - "dutse"
- 1994 - "shafukan shuru"
- 1997 - "uwa da ɗa"
- 1999 - "Moloch"
- 2001 - "Taurus"
- 2002 - "Jirgin Rashanci"
- 2003 - "Uba da ɗa"
- 2005 - "rana"
- 2007 - "Alexander"
- 2011 - "FAIST"
- 2015 - "Francophofonia"
Littafi daya
- 2011 - "a tsakiyar teku"