Tari
Wataƙila, akwai wasu mutane kalilan da ba su ga fim ɗin Soviet ba "Kasadar Sherlock Holmes da Dr. Watson" tare da vasily Livanov da Vasely Solomin a manyan ayyuka. Shahararren mai binciken harma ya yi wasa da benesicabatch, ya sauko daga layin rubutu na shahararren harshen Turanci da Jama'a - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.Yaro da matasa
Sir Arthur Lougusubus Chan Da'le an haife shi ne ranar 22 ga Mayu, 1859 a babban birnin Scotland - Edinburgh. Wannan birni yana da wadatar birni a cikin tarihi da al'adun gargajiya da abubuwan jan hankali. Saboda haka, ana iya ɗauka cewa a cikin ƙuruciyar da ke faruwa a gaba kuma marubucin St. Egidiya, kuma kuma ya ji daɗin flora da Fauna na gonar Botolical tare da gonar gonar sarauta tare da gonar dabino, lilac Heather da Arboros (tarin nau'in itace).
Marubucin na kasada game da Sherlock Holmes ros da aka kawo a cikin Katolika na Katolika na Katolika, iyayensa sun ba da gudummawar da ba za a iya warware su ba ga cimma nasarar zane da adabi. Kaki na John Doyle ya kasance mai zane na Irish, ya yi aiki a cikin zurfin minatures da carwararrun ƙwayoyin siyasa. Ya fito ne daga daular siliki masu wadata da karammiski.
Marubucin uba - Charles Oltemont Doyle - ya shiga cikin sawun iyaye kuma ya bar hanyar ruwa a kan gilashin Victoria. Charles daor da karfi a hankali makircin gothic tare da wasu haruffa, dabbobi da fuskoki na sihiri. Bugu da kari, Doyle-manya sunyi aiki mai ma'ana (zane-zane na dannun sa na Lewis Carroll da Daniel Carroll da kuma zane-zane na Daniel Carroll da aka yi a cikin babban zane a Glasgres.
A ranar 31 ga Yuli, 1855, Charles ya ba da shawarwari na hannu da zukatan Imish Maryamu Elizabether Funy, Elizabeth ya gabatar da 'ya'ya bakwai. Af, Mrs. Fourenley wata mace ce da aka kafa, mai juyawa ya karanta kotu liyaffiyoyi kuma ya gaya wa yara labarai masu ban sha'awa game da knight. Hellic Epic a cikin salon Provence Times, har abada ya bar alamar a cikin ran kadan Arthur:
"Loveaunar ƙaunar adabi na gaskiya, hali na rubutu ya tafi daga wurina, ina tunani daga mahaifiyar," in ji marubuci ya sake tunawa da tarihin tari.Gaskiya ne, a maimakon littattafan knight Wallter Scott Dyle, babbar manyan shafuka, waɗanda suka yi farin ciki da tunanin litattafan masu karatu. Mutane da yawa sun sani, amma Charles da ƙamshi ya ƙare da ƙarshen. Gaskiyar ita ce mutumin da yake mafarkin zama sanannen sanannen ɗan wasa, don haka nan gaba ya tashi zuwa nan gaba zuwa Michelando, sake, sake. Koyaya, yayin rayuwa, Doyle bai sami yabo da daraja ba. Zane-zanensa ba su more babban buƙata ba, don haka ana rufe gyaran ganyayyaki na bakin ciki na ƙura na bakin ciki da ƙarancin misalin da ba shi da ciyar da dangi.
Charles ya sami ceto a cikin barasa: Abin sha mai zafi ya taimaka wa babi na dangi su cire daga yanayin matsanancin kasancewa. Gaskiya ne, barasa kawai ya tsananta halin da ake ciki a cikin gidan: Kowace shekara abin ƙyama ne, Dyle-Uba ya sha da yawa kuma sun sami halayensa na manyan 'yan'uwa. Daga qarshe, sai dai idan mawuyacin da aka gudanar a cikin bacin rai, kuma a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 1893, Charles ya mutu.
Rubutun na gaba ya yi amsawa a makarantar firamare. Lokacin da Arthur ya yi shekara 9, godiya ta cika da 'yan'uwa masu sanannun dangi, dariyar, a cikin kulle jeuit Collejis, wanda ke cikin gundumar Lancashire. Ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi cewa Arthur ya yi farin ciki da benci na makaranta. Ya raina rashin daidaituwar aji da kuma irin addini, kuma ya kuma ƙi mugunta na jiki: malami mai sanya bel din kawai ya kwashe wanzuwar wani marubuci saurayi.
Yaron bai kasance mai sauƙin zama lissafi ba, bai son tsarin almara da masu rikitarwa wanda ya ba da bege kore zuwa Arthur. Don abin da ba ya son batun, yaba wa Aristotle da kuma dasare, Doyle samu tumms na yau da kullun daga ɗaliban da ke cikin 'yan'uwa masu juna biyu. Jin daɗin farin ciki ga Arthur wasawa: saurayin ya taka leda da nishaɗi.
Doyle sau da yawa ya rubuta mahaifiyar mahaifiyar, inda cikin cikakkun bayanai suka bayyana ke faruwa a kowace rana a rayuwarsa ta makaranta. Hakanan, saurayi ya aiwatar da damar mai ba da labari game da shi: Don sauraron labarun Arthur, wanda "ya biya" mai magana da yawun da ke cikin Geometry da Algebirin.
Litattafai
Doyle ta zabi aikin rubutu na babu wani hatsari: Kasancewa yaro dan shekaru shida, Arthur ya rubuta wani labari na farko da ake kira "matafiyi da Tiger". Gaskiya ne, aikin ya juya ya zama gajere kuma bai ɗauki ko da wani shafi gaba ɗaya ba, saboda ya rushe wanderer mai farin ciki. Yaro da aka yi akan ka'idar "rauni - 'yar uwa -' yar uwa, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya riga ya kasance mai bincike ne daga hasumiya.
Tabbas, ba a yi amfani da maigidan na alkalami ba don yin zunubi a liyafar "- lokacin da babban halin da ba dole ba ne a cikin wurin da ba lallai ba a cikin aikin. A maimakon marubucin marubucin, maimakon filin marubucin, da farko ya zaɓi ƙwararren kwararru na likita, saboda akwai abin mamaki da yawa, saboda litattafan ne matattakana mata, kuma wallafe-wallafi ne mai ƙauna . "
Matashin ya fi son farin likitan hutu na Peru da Inkwell saboda tasirin wani Brian Ch. Walls, wanda ya yi hayar wani daki daga Mrs. Saboda haka, da jin labarin likita, saurayi ba tare da Pondayiius ba ya gabatar da takardu ga Jami'ar Edinburgh. Kasancewa da ɗalibi, Doyle ta hadu da wasu marubuta mai zuwa - James Barry da Robert Lewis Stevenson.
A cikin 'yantar da kayan laccoccccor, Arthur an shiga kasuwancin da ya fi so - wanda aka fi so a kan littattafan da Edgary Allan ta, wanda "ya bar ƙwaro a cikin zuciyar saurayi mai ban sha'awa. Ya yi wahayi zuwa ga litattafan litattafai da labaru na zamani, marubucin yana ƙoƙarin tilasta wa ɗakin rubutu kuma yana haifar da labarin "asirin ɗan salskaya Valley" da "tarihin Amurka".
A cikin 1881, Doyle ta sami digiri na farko kuma ya tafi likita. Marubucin Bashkerville Dogs "ya dauki kimanin shekaru goma don watsi da sana'ar Ophtalmologist da kuma shiga cikin layin rubutu na rubutu. A cikin 1884, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Charles Dickens, Arthur Conan ya fara aiki a kan littafin littafin "Gerdloston Trading" (wanda aka buga a 1890), yana ba da labarin matsalolin al'umma na al'umma. An gina Fabul a kan mai hankali Dolzes na alƙawura na duniya: Za su kore a kusa da yatsun hannun mutanen da suka juya su zama cikin ikon musun.
A cikin Maris 1886, Sir Conan Doyle yana aiki ne akan "etude a cikin sautunan Bagrov", aikin da aka kammala a watan Afrilu. Yana cikin wannan aikin a karo na farko a gaban masu karatu sanannen sanannen London Sherlock Holmes ya bayyana. Jawabin kwararru na kwararru shine mutumin gaske mutum - Joseph Barry, wani malamin na al'umma a Edinburgh, wanda zai iya yin lissafi tare da taimakon dabaru da kuma rauni.
Yusufu ɗan'uwansa ne da dalibin da suka lura da kowane motsi na Jagora wanda ya ƙirƙira kansa hanyar da ya faru. Sai dai itace, sigari, toka, agogo, rani da datti a ƙarƙashin kusoshi, suna iya faɗi game da mutum mafi yawan abubuwa.
Sherlock Holmes hali wani irin sani ne na sani - yadda ake bayar da marubutan na yau da kullun, kuma ba wani jarumi na asiri, wanda ba daidai bane ko kuma kyawawan halaye ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau ko marasa kyau suka maida hankali. Sherlock, kamar sauran mutane, yana da mummunan halaye: Holmes Neakkrata wajen kewaya sigari da kuma cikakkiyar rashi mai ban sha'awa yana amfani da cocaine inrainevenly.
Labarin "Scandal a Bathemia" shine farkon karamar sake zagayowar "Kasadar mafi kyawun Holmes", wanda ya hada da labaran da ya dace da shi game da binciken da abokinsa - Dr. Watson. Hakanan Conan Doyle ya kirkiro da littattafan da suka dace da su huɗu, inda, ban da Dogayen Dakuna "," Bashkerville kare "da" alamar kwari ". Godiya ga shahararrun ayyukan, Doyle ya zama kusan marubuci mafi girma duka a Ingila da kuma a duniya.
Ana jita-jita cewa a lokaci guda Sherlock Holmes ya gaji da Mahalicci, don haka Arthur yanke shawarar kashe mai zurfin m. Amma bayan mutuwar binciken labarin, Doyle ya fara barazana kuma ya yi gargadin cewa makomarsa zata yi bakin ciki idan marubucin bai da ta da masu karanta jarfa. Arthur bai yi ƙoƙarin yin biyayya ga nufin Gudun ba, don haka ya ci gaba da yin aiki a kan labaru.
Rayuwar sirri
A waje, Arthur Conan Dyle, kamar yadda Abdulla Roosevelt, ya kirkiri ra'ayin mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, mai kama da gwarzo. Marubucin littattafan zuwa tsufa sun shiga cikin wasanni har ma a cikin tsufa na iya ba da saurayi. A cewar jita-jita, wasa ne wanda ya koyar da Switfors don hawa tseren gudu, shirya tseren tsere kuma ya zama mutum na farko da ya baci da ya ragu.
Rai na Arthur Conan Lian shine kotin bayanai na bayanai wanda zaku iya yin littafi mai kyau kamar sabon labari. Misali, ya tafi kewayawa a kan jirgin ruwan Whating, inda ya kasance a matsayin wani likita likita. Marubucin na sha'awar munanan sararin samaniya na zurfin teku, kuma muna fata hatimin hatimi. Bugu da kari, da yaran ananitocin sun yi aiki a kan bushewar Cargos daga gabar Yammacin Afirka, inda ya hadu da rayuwa da al'adun wata al'umma.
A lokacin yakin duniya na, Dold na ɗan lokaci dakatarwa na ɗan lokaci kuma ya yi kokarin zuwa gaban kai don nuna alamun ƙarfin hali da karfin gwiwa. Amma marubucin ya kwantar da ƙura, tunda an ƙi shawararsa. Bayan waɗannan abubuwan, Arthur fara buga labarai na sirri: A cikin littafin nan kusan kowace rana ya bayyana na marubucin.
Da kansa ya shirya tsarin masu ba da agaji kuma ya yi kokarin zama shugaban "Rai Raidesty". Jagora na alkalami ba zai iya kasancewa cikin aiki a wannan lokacin ba, saboda yayi tunanin kowane minti game da azabtarwa, wanda m comatriots aka ginduce.
Amma ga dangantakar soyayya, shugaban farko na Matra Louise Hawkins, wanda ya ba shi yara biyu, sun mutu daga chakhotka a 1906. Bayan shekara guda, Arthur ta sa tayin Gene Lekkka - wata mata da yake a asirce a asirce tun 1897. Daga aure na biyu a cikin gidan marubuci, ƙarin ƙarin ƙarin yara aka haife su: Jin, da kuma Adrian (wanda ya zama mai bita na marubucin (wanda ya zama mai bita na marubucin (wanda ya zama mai bita na marubucin (wanda ya zama mai bita na marubucin (wanda ya zama mai bita na marubucin (wanda ya zama mai bita na marubucin (wanda ya zama mai bita na marubuci).
Kodayake Doyle ta doke kansa a matsayin mai gaskiya, ya girmama tsoffin littattafan sihiri da kuma gudanar da zaman ruhaniya. Marubucin na fatan cewa ruhanin matattu zai ba da amsoshin sa waɗanda suke sha'awar, musamman, Arthur ta damu da tunani game da abin da akwai rayuwa bayan mutuwa.
Mutuwa
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwar Doyle, babu abin da ya fuskanta, da wuyan duniya "ya cika da makamashi da sojoji, a cikin 1920s marubucin ya ziyarci kusan dukkanin ƙasan duniya. Amma yayin tafiya zuwa Scandinavia, lafiyar da ƙwararrun wallafe-wallafen ya lalace, don haka duk lokacin bazara ya zauna a gado da dangi da suke ƙauna.
Da zaran Doyle ya ji kyau, ya tafi babban birnin Burtaniya ne, don ya cika ƙoƙarinsa na karshe a cikin ministan al'amuran a cikinsu da kuma bukatar dokar dokoki gwargwadon iko.
Sir Arthur Conan Dyle ya mutu a gida a cikin Sushu daga bugun zuciya a cikin safiyar 7 ga Yuli, 1930. Da farko, kabarin Mahaliccin yana kusa da gidansa, amma daga baya ragowar marubucin ya sauke a cikin sabon gandun daji.
Littafi daya
Sake zagayowar Sherlock Holmes
- 1887 - etude a cikin sautunan dutse
- 1890 - Alaba hudu
- 18992 - Sherlock Holmes Kasadar
- 1893 - Notes Game da Sherlock Holmes
- 1902 - Baskerville Dog
- 1904 - Dawo da Sherlock Holmes
- 1915 - Kwarin tsoro
- 1917 - Barka da baka
- 1927 - Sherlock Holmes Arcres Arcres
Curle Game da Farfe fasali
- 1902 - asila duniya
- 1913 - guba bel
- 1926 - ƙasar hazo
- 1928 - Lokacin da Duniya ta yi kururuwa
- 1929 - Injin da aka keɓe
Sauran ayyuka
- 1884 - Jeffson Hobquook post
- 1887 - Domalishki Jeremy gida
- 1889 - Fuskar Ferrend
- 1890 - Gidan ciniki na Herdleston
- 1890 - Kyaftin "tauraron dan adam"
- 1921 - Fanar Mastena