Tari
Ba shi yiwuwa cewa akwai irin wannan mutumin a cikin duniya wanda bai san wanda Lomonosov yake ba. Mikhail Vasilyevich ne mai masanin kimiyyar Rasha ne wanda ya ba da gudummawa a ciki ga masana'antu da yawa. Da farko ya buɗe wani dakin gwaje-gwaje, ya yi binciken da yawa na zahiri da inganta Rasha.Yaro da matasa
Tarihin rayuwar Lomonosov yayi kama da Sphinx tatsuniya, saboda sunan Mikhail VASLILILICH LITTAFIN KAWAI BAYYANA AIKINSA, amma kuma jita-jita da rashin sauƙaƙa. Misali, wasu marubuta sun yi jayayya cewa an haifi baiwa na Rasha a cikin wani matalauci, wanda ba a rage ƙarshen da ƙarfi, to, kamar yadda ba a san shi ba, ya tafi zuciyar Rasha.
Lomonosov ya bayyana akan hasken 8 (19) na 17 ga Nuwamba a ƙauyen Mishanskaya Vosti (yanzu Lomonosovo ƙauyen). Yaron ya yi girma ya kawo ɗan littafin a cikin dangin Pomor na faci Vasfitevich, wanda ya ji ɗan kasuwa mai ƙyalli da masana'antu a farfajiya.
A cewar tunanin Mikhail VASLICHICH, mahaifinsa mutumin kirki ne, amma jahilai ne. Lokacin da yaro mai baiwa ya yi shekara 9, mahaifiyar Elena Ivanovna ta mutu. Bayan mutuwar mata, m Dorofidevich yayi ƙoƙarin gina farin ciki tare da takamaiman gonar mikhailskoyye. Amma wannan ƙaunataccen ya sha wahala guda: Theodore ya mutu a cikin 1724, shekaru uku bayan aure.
A cikin wannan 1724 Lomonosov, dattijon da yake a matsayin mai lamba 13 da ya bayyana ga Mikhilan mugunta da kuma isasshen uba, wanda ya guba rayuwar ɗan stepskey.
Sun ce Mikhail daga shekaru goma sun taimaka wa lomonosov don kama kifi. Uba da ɗiya ko kuma mara kyau, ko kuma wata hanyar da aka suturta kuma ba ta je wurin farin teku ba. Mikhail Vasilceevich ya yi ninkaya a kan sararin samaniya mara iyaka, da sha'awar kankara kankara mai launin shuɗi, da bakin ruwa mai laushi. Kuma dukkanin haɗarin da aka samu a hanya, akasin haka, sun ba da umarnin sojojin saurayin. Lura da yawa na Lomonosov ya wadatar da tunanin tunaninsa game da yanayin yanayi.
An san cewa Mikhail Vasilliich an kamu da karanta littattafai daga farkon shekaru. Yarinya Lomonosov ya fara horar da wani lokacin dyacter na cikin gida, wanda ya koyar da saurayin saurayi, nahawu, kuma ya gabatar da duniyar ban mamaki na wallafe-wallafen. Kasancewa ɗan saurayi mai shekaru 14, Mikhail ya karanta lafiya, kwanakin gurasa gurasa da dare a kan litattafai daban-daban. Muna iya cewa yana kishi da wani littafi daya bayan wani, yana kokarin sanya sabon bayani a cikin banki.
Mutane da yawa sun san labarin daga bikin sakandare cewa Mikhail VASLILICH, wanda ya yi ƙishirwa ga sabon binciken, ya ci gaba zuwa Moscow don karɓar ilimi mai kyau. Dalilin irin wannan aikin ban mamaki shi ne kasancewar da ba a iya jurewa a cikin garin Urina ba tare da rikice-rikice ba tare da Irina Semenovna ba.
Ta'aziya ba ta son cewa Michael yana kashe duk lokacin kyauta don juyawa. Bugu da kari, danshi danshi yana son ya auri zuriyarsa saboda haka a asirce ya sami kansa amarya. Bayan da tunatar da ra'ayin Uba, Lomonosov ya ɗauki wayo: saurayi ya shiga gado ya yi maraba da rashin lafiya, don haka an yi wa bikin aure ".
Albarkacin rayuwa, lomonosov, ba tunani, tattara abubuwa (riguna biyu, tulu, ba tare da da'a, ba tare da ni ba daga gidan. A rana ta uku ta tafiya, a watan Disamba na 1730, saurayin ya kama mawaƙa kuma ya nemi izinin masizan don zuwa hanyar nesa. Makonni uku na yawo a kan dusar ƙanƙara, a cikin Janairu 1731, Mikhail Vasilyevich ya isa cikin babban birnin. Kimanin nisa daga asalin ɗansa zuwa zuciyar Rasha shine 1160 kilomita.
Daga cikin masana kimiyya har wa yau akwai sabani, saboda wasu suna da tabbacin cewa saurayin shekara 19 na iya shawo kan wannan nesa, musamman a cikin hunturu. Koyaya, gaskiyar cewa Lomonosov yayi tafiya tare da hanyar kamun kifi yana nufin cewa wani saurayi sau da yawa ana sauƙaƙe hutawa a kan kekuna da yawo. A cewar wani sigar, Mikhail Vasilliich ya yi wani sashi mai mahimmanci na hanya kan dawakai. Lomonosov yana so ya zama ɗalibin makarantar Cibiyar Cibiyar Latin, saboda haka, don yin tunani, ya karya takardu kuma ya fara yin allura masu kyau kuma ya fara don farawa daga zurfin Holmogork.
Mikhail Vasilyevich ya kasance cikin cibiyoyin ilimi na shekaru biyar, a wannan lokacin ya yi nazarin Latin, littattafan tauhidi kuma sun hadu da "Kimiyya. A cewar Memoirst na masanin kimiyya, abokan karatun ɗalibai suna da nishaɗi a makarantar kimiyya, kamar yadda lomonosov bai yi ado da kyau ba (ya gamsu da alyma ɗaya a rana). A shekara ta 1735, Mikhail VASLyvich ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Kimiyya, inda masana lissafi sun sha wahala, kuma sun yi kokarin sanya su da waƙoƙi.
Bayan shekara guda, a cikin Maris, Mikhail Vasilich da wani na sha biyu na al'umman Jami'ar an tura su nazarin Turai. A waje Lomonosov ya kasance shekara biyar, amma matasa suna fuskantar kullun da hargitsi. Wakilan ilimi ya jinkirta da batun canja wurin kuɗi, ɗalibai da yawa dole su rayu cikin bashi. Da farko, Mikhail Vasilyevichich, amma sai ya koma Creiber (Jamus).
A can, lomonosov ya sadu da mai ba da bashi mai ba da bashi mai ba da shawara, wanda ya horar da ɗalibin metallurgy da ma'adinai. A shekara ta 1739, rikici ya tashi tsakanin Mikhail Vasilyevich da Ministogistic na Mikhil I. na mallaka. Tushen motsa jiki shine ƙi da wani matashi masanin kimiyya ya yi aikin daftarin aiki. Voltage tsakanin malami da ɗalibai sun girma a saurin haske, ya zo Johan sun ƙi bayar da "ƙasƙantar da" "ƙasashen da" ƙasa "don abun ciki. A cikin 1740, Mikhail Vasilyevich, kame da wahayi masu santsi tare da datti, sau ɗaya da har abada hagu cribiber.
Kimiyya da adabi
Ana yayatawa cewa Mikhail Vasillilavich mallakar ba kawai mai hankali bane, har ma da wulakanci ne na kwarai: ya shiga cikin asircewar tunani da kuma saiti. Haka kuma, abin mamaki ne cewa baiwa ce mai haske a cikin kowane yankuna, ko abin mamaki na jiki, canjin sunadarai, ko haɗin kirtani a cikin waka.
Haka kuma, manyan mawaƙa, irin su Alexander Sokovsky, da "Ofishin Albarkar da aka Rasha akan Halin Rasha akan mahimman littattafan na lomonosov.
An san shi da aminci cewa Mikhail Vasilliich yana fara karatun kimiyyar kimiyya a cikin 1737-1738. Hujja na nasara wajen fahimtar ilimin halitta da kuma cikakken aikin lomonosov ya zama ɗalibin ruwa, "inda ake kira motsi da ruwan da ya gabata," inda ake kira motsi da ruwan da ya gabata, "inda ake kira motsi da ruwan da ya gabata," inda ake kira motsi da ruwan da ya gabata, "inda ake kira motsi na ruwa mai gudana jihohi. Kuma don tarihi "akan Belanizi na karfe", Mikhail Vasilyevich a 1745 aka ba da taken farfesa. Bayan karbar taken a cikin kimiyyar Lomonosov ya zama mai daraja.
Yana da kyau a faɗi sakamakon da aka samo a lokacin gwaje-gwajen sinadarai da na zahiri, Mikhail Vasilyevich ana kuskure ne a ƙarshensa. Ayyukan iliminsa sun taimaka wa litattafan dabbobi daga alchemy da falsafar dabi'a zuwa hanyoyin yanzu na kimiyyar halitta. Ya kirkiri tushe na Kasarar Kasarufi, ya bude dokar kiyaye makamashi, ta bayyana asirin tsawa da fenti na arewacin, maƙarƙashiya da nazarin sunadarai na ore. Shine wanda ya zo da tushe na sunadarai na jiki.
Mikhail Vaslilavich, yana tallafawa ayyukan copericus, sau da yawa nazarin taurari ya zama yanayin da yawa a Venus, ya mallaki Telescope mai yawa (tsarin Lomonosov-herschel). Hakanan, Chistist ya zama ɗayan bayin kimiyya, wanda ya ce tauraron da ake kira rana, saboda "akwai zafin tsuntsaye, kamar ruwa, tafasa."
Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, Lomonosov ya gabatar da sabon ra'ayi zuwa harshen Rasha (sararin samaniya, da sauransu), saboda an tsara shi a cikin kalmomin Latin waɗanda ba su iya fahimta ga Ubangiji ba mutane. Lomonosov ya yi amfani da shi a lokacin da wasu daga cikin ayyukansa an buga bayan mutuwar masanin kimiyya, saboda, a rayuwar Mikhail VASLILICH, an rarraba su kuma ba ta buga ƙarni da yawa ba.
Da zarar Genius ya rubuta wasiƙa ga abokansa Alexander Shuvelov, wanda ya kasance amintaccen Elizabeth Petrovna da kuma fi so Peter III. A cikin wannan rubutun, Mikhail Vaslilavich ya shirya game da adana da kuma haihuwar mutanen Rasha. Amma ma irin wannan mutumin mai ilimi, kamar Alexander Ivanovich, kamar boye saƙon lomonosov a karkashin Sukno, yana riƙe shi daga idanun jama'a.
Rayuwar sirri
Daga kaka na 1736, Lomonosov ya fara yin hayar wani ɗaki daga gwauruwa na Marburg Brewewod. Har ila yau, akwai 'yar uwargan uwar gida - Elizabeth Tsilch, wanda yake jiran yara daga Mikhail Vasilyevich. Seeled ya yi aure a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 1740 a cikin Marburg. 'Yar na farko na Ekaterina-Elisebeth ne aka haife Elizabet, saboda haka aka yi la'akari da izini. Yarinyar ta mutu a 1743.
A ranar 22 ga Disamba, 1741, Mikhail Lomonosov sake zama Uban. Matar ta ba bawan Kimiyyar Sonan, wanda aka kira shi Ivan. A shekara ta 1742, wani yaro ɗan shekara kuma ya mutu. A shekara ta 1749, an haifi 'yan matan Eleen a cikin dangin Lomonosos, waɗanda suka zama ɗaya daga cikin ɗan da suka mutu. Saboda haka, Mikhail Vasilyevich bai bar zuriyar da za su iya ci gaba da kirkirar Lomonosov (masanin kimiyya ba shi da 'ya'ya maza).
Mutuwa
Babban masanin kimiyya ya mutu 4 (15) Afrilu 1765 a shekarar 54 na rayuwa. Sanadin mutuwa shine kumburin huhu. A shekara, bayan mutuwar ministan kimiyya, da littafin "Ancient Rasha tarihi daga farkon na Rasha mutane kafin mutuwa na Grand Duke Yaroslav na farko ko har zuwa 1054" da aka buga a biyu kundin. Na biyu girma lomonosos bai da lokacin rubuta.
An san cewa lokacin da Mikhail Vasilliich bai zama ba, Grigory Orlov (ta hanyar oda Catherine II) ta rufe rubutun da aka kiyaye shi na lomonosov. Daga baya, ɗakin karatu da kuma takarda masana kimiyyar an kwashe su zuwa gidan da nan da nan Kanuli a cikin tashi. A cewar jita-jita, mafi kusanci ga iko ya ji tsoron cewa takardu na Lomonosov "zai fadi a hannun hannun." Kabilar Genius is located in Kawance Kawarevsy hurumi.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa
- Jami'in dan jaridar Semush ya tabbata cewa iyayen masanin kimiyya ba su shiga kewayawa ba, kuma mallakar poms - kawai labari ne kawai. Gaskiyar ita ce a cikin takardu da aka adana tare da bayani game da mahaifin Lomonosov, an faɗi cewa shugaban iyali ya kasance mai kyau na Kuroostrovskaya Parish da Dvignivin, kuma babu kalma ɗaya game da poms a wannan taimakon. Tarihin tarihin masanin ilimin kimiyya ya rubuta wata baiwa mai tarihi masanin tarihi Valadimir Ivanovich Lomonosos Ivanov Lomonosos Ivan, wanda ya yi daga Lomonosov ɗan dan kasuwa, kuma aikinsa yana ci gaba "lomonosov".
- Mikhail Vasilyevich na zamani ya ce masanin ilimin yana da zafin rai. Da zarar ya shiga cikin tsare saboda maye gurbin dawakai.
- Don Odu, wanda ya yabi Elizabeth Petrovna, masanin kimiyya ya karbi dubu biyu dubu na rubutawa a matsayin sakamako. Gaskiya ne, a lokacin bayarwa da kudi, akwai silin dinjada kawai a cikin kisan na sarauta, don haka Mikhail Afenasyevich ya yi hayar biyu katse katse biyu to nutsar da tsabar kudi.
- A Jamus, Mikhail Vasilyevich ya sadu da wani matchai ga wani mutum mai binciken da Georg Rubman, wanda ya nuna sha'awar rayuwa a aikin masanin kimiyya. Ta hanyar shiga cikin ɗayan gwaje-gwajen, Georg ya mutu daga kwallon walƙiya.
- A cikin girmamawa ga masanin kimiyya a shekarar 1986, an sake da jerin tsakiyar tsakiyar Mihailov.
- Mikhail Vasilyevich ya zama wanda ya kafa jami'in jami'ar, wanda ya samo asali (Jami'ar Jihar Moscow).