Tari
An kori mawaƙi da zane mai artist Maximilian Voloshindin daga Jami'ar Maximilian Volshilian. Mahaliccin da ya san yadda ake yanke shawara game da, a cikin tsarin zane-zane, ban da zane-zane, ya rubuta labarai masu mahimmanci, kuma yana da sha'awar al'amuran lura.
Yana da haske, cike da abubuwan da suka dace da tarurruka daban-daban rayuwa tun farkon 1917 mai da hankali a Rasha. A kan maraice da marubucin marubucin wanda marubucin ya gina ta a gidan da ya gina Chukovsky - Nikolai, Tsvelashtam, har ma da Marina Tsvetaeva, an dakatar da Marina Tsvetaeva.
Yaro da matasa
Maximilian Alexandrovich An haifi Oxmilich An haifi Maxoshin ne a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 1877 a Kiev. Mahaifiyar mawaƙar Elena Otobaldovna ita ce mace ta ƙarfin hali da rarrabe. Jimawa jim kadan bayan haihuwar Sonan, sai ta tafi da mijinta. A Max, mace Tsanta hali, kuma saurayin ya girma, kamar yadda Marina Tsvetaeva daga baya ya ce "ba tare da lumana da abokantaka ba.
An sani cewa a cikin Koktel, inda Voloshin ya koma tare da mahaifiyarsa yana da shekara 16, Elena har ma ya dauki hayar yaran da ke kewaye da su ƙara yin gwagwarmaya. Mahaifama ya yi maraba da ban sha'awa ga ɗansa ga sihiri kuma ba ta cika tuntuɓe ba, a koyaushe tana zama a cikin dakin motsa jiki a shekara ta biyu. Ofaya daga cikin malamai malamai sau ɗaya cewa don koyar da wani abu mai wuya. Kusan watanni shida, kamar yadda a jana'izar malami, Voloshin ya bayyana waƙoƙin sa masu ban mamaki.
Duk da cewa marubucin daga 1897 zuwa 1899 dalibi ne na dokar doka ta baiwa Jami'ar Moscow kuma a kai a kai batun saninsa abin mamaki ne da nasa. Daga tarihin rayuwar jama'a, an san shi cewa difloma Maimilian bai taba samun damar samu ba. Taron shiga cikin jituwa, mutumin ya yanke shawarar kada ya ci gaba da koyo da kuma yin ilimi.
Litattafai
Littafin farko na Voloshin - "wauta" - ya fito a cikin 1910. A cikin ayyukan da aka haɗa a cikin tarin, a bayyane ya gano yadda marubucin marubucin ya san ƙaddara ta duniya da tarihin ɗan adam gabaɗaya. A shekara ta 1916, marubucin marubucin yana wakiltar tarin anti-yakin "Anni mundi Ardentis" ("a cikin shekarar duniyar harshen wuta"). A wannan shekarar, tabbatacce ne da tabbaci a cikin ƙaunataccen Koktel, ga wanda ya yi gaba bayan wasu 'yan biyu son fam.
A shekarar 1918 da kuma 1919, biyu sabon littattafai na waqoqi aka buga - "Iverni" da "Aljanu kurãme". A kowane jere, hannun marubuci ne kokari ne. Musamman m waqe na Voloshin, sadaukar da yanayin da Eastern Crimea.
Tun 1903, Voloshin kwafi ta rahotanni a cikin mujallar "sikẽli" da kuma jaridar "Rus". A nan gaba, ya rubuta articles game da zanen kuma shayari for mujallu "Golden ulun", "Apollo", da jaridu "Rasha art labarinsa" da "Morning na Rasha". A total adadin aikin da ya ba tukuna rasa da darajar, ba daya girma.
A 1913, dangane da sa mamaki yunkurin a kan hoto na Ilya Efimovich Repin "Ivan da Munin kuma ɗan da Ivan", Voloshin tsayayya naturalism a art, da aka buga a mujallar "A Repin". Kuma ko da yake bayan wannan Editorial jirgin, mafi mujallu rufe su kofofin kafin shi, idan akai la'akari da aikin da artist da za a girmama da masu sauraro, a shekara ta 1914 littafin articles Maximilian "Liki kerawa" da aka buga.
Zane
Zanen Voloshin dauki up fasaha yi hukunci da zane-zane. A lokacin rani na 1913, ya ƙware Tempera dabara, da kuma shekara ta gaba ya rubuta na farko etudes a watercolor ( "Spain. By teku", "Paris. Square na yarda da dare"). Poor ingancin Watercolor takarda gwada Voloshin aiki nan da nan ta so sautin, ba tare da gyare-gyare da kuma Yana shãfe.
Kowane sabon aikin Maximilian ɗauke da wani barbashi hikima da soyayya. Samar da zane-zane, da artist nuna a kan rabo na hudu abubuwa (duniya, ruwa, iska, da wuta) da kuma zurfi ma'ana da sarari. Kowane Maximilian wuri mai faɗi riƙe da yawa da kuma daftari da kuma zauna transceived ko da a kan zane ( "Landscape da lake kuma duwãtsu", "Pink faɗuwar rana", "Hills, bushe da zafi", "Lunar vortex", "gubar haske").
Maximilian wahayi zuwa classic ayyukan Japan painters, kazalika da zane-zane da na abokinsa - Theodosi artist Konstantin Bogoevsky, wanda misalai da aka yi wa ado da farko Voloshinsky tarin waqe a 1910. Tare da Ivan Aivazovsky, Emmanuil Maggyan da Lvir Lagorio, Voloshin yau ne classified a matsayin wakilan da Kimmerian makaranta na zanen.
Rayuwar sirri
Cikawa a tare da kananan girma da kuma recalcitrant mane gashi a kai halitta daga akasin jima'i da wani m ra'ayi na namiji insolvency na Voloshin. The mata gaba da cuited marubuci ya ji a amince da yi imani da cewa akwai ba kadan kama da ba mutumin marubuci wanda ya mutum ne na kwarai kira a mayar da wanka.
A duk tsawon rayuwar Voloshin ya ji wannan rudani, ya kama bankin alade alade tare da sabbin sunaye. Matar Farko ta zargi ce Margaritata Sabashnikov. Littafinsu bai fara ba a Paris. Matasa sun halarci laccoci a Sorbonne, a cikin ɗayan marubuci kuma lura yarinya kamar saukad da ruwa mai kama da Tsasha.
A ranar Dating, marubucin ya ce wa shugaban gidan kayan gargajiya kuma ya nuna shi zanen hannun gwamnatin kasar Masar. A cikin haruffa, aboki Maimilian yarda cewa ba zai iya yin imani da cewa Mararreta babban mutum ne daga nama da jini ba. Anyi wa mutane saƙonnin mayar da martani anyi dariya sunaye mawakan mawakan da ba za su sha wata budurwa ba daga Alabaastra.
Bayan bikin aure, wanda aka yi a cikin 1906, masoya suka koma zuwa St. Petersburg. Makwabcin ya shahara waƙar melacheslav Ivanov. Alamomin sun hallara kowane mako a cikin gidan marubucin. Gudanar da baƙi shi ne Vonmohin da matarsa. Yayin da ake bayyana babbar sha'awa ta Maximilian, ya yi jayayya kuma aka nakalto, da amincinsa ya jagoranci tattaunawar da ya yi natsuwa tare da Ivanov. A cikin Tattaunawa, Mardita ta bayyana cewa a cikin wakiltar halin da ake wakiltar rayuwar ainihin mai sihiri ya kamata a cika shi da wasan kwaikwayo kuma wasu ma'aurata masu ƙauna ba sa cikin salon.
A cikin lokacin da aka haifi Vyacheslav da Margaritanans kawai soyayya ga wasan kwaikwayo na Elizabeth Dritrievet, wanda ya shafi babban abin da aka buga a cikin Mukan mujallar Apollo.
Myresies ta fara da watanni 3 kawai, to, Cherububina aka fallasa. A watan Nuhu Gumilev, wanda lokaci daya ya gabatar da dmitrievy a gefen m, wanda nan da nan ta karbi daga marubucin Venice "da nan da nan ta karbi shi daga marubucin Venice" da nan da nan ta karbi ". Venezia".
A sakamakon haka, yarinya mai kyau chromonoga shine dalilin da yasa Volosshen da Gumilev sun yi biris da duel akan kogi mai baƙar fata. Bayan gwagwarmaya daga cikin fanko, wanda kowa bai ci mu'ujiza ba, matar maximililian ta ruwaito immrersed a cikin wani zaki da sha'awar kisan aure game da kisan aure. Kamar yadda ya fito daga baya, abokin kocin Ivanov ya ba da shawarar Margarita don rayuwa uku, kuma ta yarda.
A cikin 1922, yunwar fara a Crimea. Mahaifiyar jama'a, Elena Ottobaldovna, ya zama sananne don wucewa. Max da aka yi wa iyaye mai zafi daga ƙauyen Feldesheritsha Maria Zabolotskaya. Yana kan wannan kyakkyawar mata mai kyau da ke tsaye kusa da shi yayin jana'izar uwar, ya yi aure a cikin Maris 1927.
Kuma ko da yake ma'aurata ba su yi aiki daga cikin 'ya'ya ba, Maria Stevaniya ita ce da marubuci kuma cikin farin ciki, kuma a baƙin ciki har mutuwarsa. Ovdov, ba ta canza umarni na Koktelian ba kuma ta ci gaba da shiga gidan mawuyukan Volshina Wandering Mawakan da Mawallafin Volshina.
Mutuwa
Shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwar mawaki ya cika da aiki - Maximian ya rubuta da yawa da fentin ruwa. A watan Yuli na shekarar 1932, an mai daɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗar gidan yanar gizo mai tsayi da abin da mura da kumburi da huhu. Vonmohin ya mutu bayan bugun jini a ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1932. Kabarinsa yana kan kogin kilomita daga Koktebel Dutsen Kuchuk-Yaninshshar.
Bayan mutuwar wakili, da Sculptor Sergey Mercurov, wanda ya kirkiro mercurov, wanda ya kirkiro masks na zaki Tolsty, Vladulir Mayakovsky, Mikhail Bulgakov da Vladimir Ilyich Lanin, da fuskar wanda ke da mafi munin Volsahin. Matar marubuci, Maria Zabolotkoy, ta sami damar ci gaba da kirkirar kayan kirki na mata mai zafi. Godiya ga kokarin ta a watan Agusta 1984, gidan Maximililiana da ke cikin Crimea ya karbi matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya.
Littafi daya
- 1899 - "Venice"
- 1900 - "Acropolis"
- 1904 - "Na yi tafiya cikin dare. Da shuki mai mutunci ... "
- 1905 - "tahia"
- 1906 - "Mala'ikan Tarihi"
- 1911 - "Edward vertigu"
- 1915 - "Paris"
- 1915 - "bazara"
- 1917 - "shan tulu"
- 1917 - "Mai tsarki Rus"
- 1919 - "Rubuta game da sarakunan Moscow"
- 1919 - "Kite"
- 1922 - "takobi"
- 1922 - "ma'aurata"
- 1924 - "Anhutka"