Tari
Hanya daga youngeran ƙaramin 15 na ɗan mulkin Austria zuwa Sarauniyar Faransa, wacce ta ƙare da rayuwa a cikin shekaru 38. An kira ita sarauniyar Rococo da Mata.
An danganta shi da kirkirar kayan haɗi da yawa na zamani, da yawa daga cikinsu sun zauna a yau kuma ana amfani da masu tsara su na wuraren da za su yi amfani da su. Mariya - Antete ya yadu da wani adadi wanda aka ba da adadi kuma ya aro abubuwan da mutane na sutura. An danganta ta ga waƙar jin daɗi don cin waina, idan babu gurasa.
Yaro da matasa
An haifi sarauniyar Faransa na Faransa-Antetete nan gaba a Vienna. Iyaye - Emperor Franz I da Mary Terezia - sun riga sun girma 14 zuriya. Yaro goma sha biyar (cikakken suna - Mariya Anthony Josef Johranna Gabanna Gabas) an haife shi ne a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 1755. Bayyanar ottoine - an kira yarinyar da aka kira - tauda tare da Robon Lurbon, wanda ya dauki rayukan mutane dubu 80 na Portuguese a cikin minti. Hankalinara mai nauyi da ya yi kama da Sarauniyar Babbar jariri - Sarki da Sarauniyar Portugal - Sun fassara shi da mummunan alamu.
Yarencin yara-Antointetti ya wuce a lokacin bazara na Habsburgs - mafi kyawun ginin, mafi kyawun gini a cikin salon baroque. A cikin dangi mai ƙauna mai ƙauna, jariri yaƙin bai cece ta daga ka'idodin bukukuwan da suka wajaba ba. A cikin shekaru 3, Antoine ya sanya corset, da kuma duk mata a cikin gidan sarki. Kuma lura da cewa kadan erzgerini hakora girma croethy, mai lura da likitocin likitanci ya sa ta waya.
Sun haifi Mariya Antete a kan tsarin musamman: darussan, Tarihi da Tarihi daga malamin gwamnatin, da harsunan lissafi. Sarakuna da shugabanni sun koyar da ka'idodin da suka halatta da kuma ikon kula da tattaunawar mutum. Amma antoine bai faranta Sarauniyar-uwa ba - yarinya a cikin dukkan batutuwa na da ta zahiri.
Shahararren aikin ibada na Kamfanin Jegor-George, wanda ya koya wa yarda ERC, ya koka da antoine mai ilimi, amma mai rauni da fahimta kawai don nishadi .
A Kotun Faransa
An dauki auren yaran da sarakunan yara a cikin hasken karfafa dangantaka tsakanin jihohi. Babu banbanci da Habsburg. Dangane da shawarar diflomasiyyar diflomassi na Austramas, dyacin Kungiyoyin Daular Austburgs dole ne su karfafa matsayin zalunci na Austria a Turai, wanda ke Ergersogin ya yi aure ya auri magada daular Bourbon.
Dan wasan Mariya Annan Antete ba togun ba ne, wanda aka samo a cikin wasu 'yan Faransanci Dukpuhin Louis. Shawarwari daga Sarki mahaifiyar Sarauniya Sarauniya ta nema a shekara, kuma lokacin da ya zo, da na amsa da yawa otoine zuwa rayuwa a farfajiyar Faransa. Malaman sun yi ta da fatan alkhairi ta gaba: rawa, ana koyar da juna da yaruka Mariya Antette a cikin hanzarta. 'Yar Slept a cikin sauran Sarauniya-mahaifiyar har sai tashi.
Aure ya faru ne a cikin watan 1770 a Vienna. Ango ta wakili ya gabatar da Erzgertick na Faransa, wanda Bourbon ya aiko wa Austria. Maria-Anointe ya bar ƙasarsa har abada. An gudanar da bikin canja wurin DOFY na Mayu: A tsaka tsaki da ƙasa, an daidaita suttura tare da Austrian zuwa Faransanci da Abokan Faransanci da abokai, ya tafi da kyau a Faransa. Ango tare da wakilai sun sadu da matarsa a cikin gandun daji.
Na biyu aure ya faru a cikin m. Bikin aure bukukuwan sun kasance daga 16 zuwa 30 Mayu. A rana ta ƙarshe, an shirya climax - bukukuwan jama'a a filin da aka yarda. Saboda matsalar mara kyau (rami mai gina jiki da transches akan square), mutanen da suka firgita da bangs na makami mai linzami na punarotchic sun watsa zuwa ga jawo. Taro ya gudu bisa ga mutanen da suka faɗi, da dama daga cikinsu sun gamsu da rami. Yawan matattu ya kai 139. Aka binne su a kabari. Wannan shi ne na biyu na duhu alamar ottoine.
Mariya Teresia, ta san cewa 'yar Yuna da ƙwarewa, da wakilin mutumin, wanda ya dube Maryamu ga kowace mataki.
Aure tare da Louis saboda rashin lafiyar mijinta, shekaru na farko ya zama ba zai yiwu ba: 'Yan matan sun yi barci a dakuna daban-daban. Faɗantar da nishadi da jin daɗin Mariya-Annette, masanan basu ji dadin cutar da matar, ta shiga cikin kabarin ba. A kan Bals da Rauta Dofina ta yi kwana da dare, suna ba da abinci ga kotu ta tsegumi. Iyalin Memhos shine cibiyar kulawa kuma ta haifar da dalilai na rubuce-rubucen na Polhoplists. An soke dokar 'yar Austrian a cikin unsucker da' yanci.
Sarauniya
Dabi'un Kotun Faransa Marie Annete sun shahara sosai, matasa dofine da suka yi kokarin amfana daga hadin gwiwar Austria, wanda bai yi ma'amala da fadar fadar ba. Iyakar fitattu ne kawai na Antoine Jakadan ya kasance jakadan Austrian, mai adana rubutu wanda aka tabbatar da shi wanda asirin dauphine a cikin ƙarni na sama bayan an buɗe mutuwar tauphine.
Uku marasa aure marasa aure na Louis XV sun daidaita Maryangin Mary Antette a kan abin da ya fi so - Madame Dubarry. Latterarshe tana da alaƙa a kotu kuma ta kasance mai tasiri. An ba da shawarar Mary Anato Cinete don yin abokai da ƙwarewar mahaifiyarta.
Jinta na Louis XVI ya haifar da yin wahayi tsakanin Faransanci: mutanen sun fice daga kame da son kai da jira don canji. Mutane sun kai wa Sarauniyar Sarauniya, gani cikin macen kyauta da maraba.
Mahaifiyar Maryamu Teressia ta yi kira ga 'yar da za ta tsaya ga rayuwa ta kwantar da hankulm da hukunci, yi kokarin samar da abokantaka tsakanin Austria da Faransa da Faransa. Mariya-antinette kewaye da kansa ta hanyar intrigans da kuma kumbura, waɗanda suka yi amfani da alheri da sarauniya ta rashin ƙarfi, suna jan kuɗi da wuraren da za su yi.
Wani aboki na Mary Anterette, Cetetess de Polynac, ya yi aiki mai sauri ga kanta da dangi na rabin miliyan Livra kowace shekara. Tare da maria-royal Mariya-Anterette, ba bikin ba ne, zane daga can kan nishadi da kayayyaki masu yawa.
Papress yana ƙaunar skating da cutar da ƙungiyar kotun. A cikin fasaha don zama a kan kankara ba ta daidaita. Bayan ya sanya haramcin abokin, Antette an burge shi da caca. A cikin wata wasika, Jakadancin Mary Tereziai Jakadan ya ce 'yar da ke cikin 171,000 rasa 17100 Francs a teburin katin.
Fadar Trianon, wacce Louis Louis ta gina XV don abin da ya fi so, da Sarauniyar ta yi ta zama da ƙudurin ƙungiyar kotu waɗanda ba sa jiran gayyata. Amincewar Sarauniya ta yi amfani da 'yan siyasa rashin gaskiya da kuma hadin gwiwa, don tilasta Mariya Antoinette don karkatar da ra'ayinsu a kotu da kuma sarrafa ra'ayinta. Sarauniyar Faransa ta tashi zuwa Austria a cikin rikici na soja, wanda ake kira "dankalin turawa, yaƙi".
A farkon juyin juya halin Musulunci, maria-antinete ya daidaita kanta a matsayin abokan gaba tsarin mulki tsarin tsarin mulki. Kuma lokacin da a farkon Oktoba 1789 m Enderild da aka kama ta wayar hannu, Sarauniya tare da matansa sun koma zuwa tiileeries. Girgizai suna farin ciki a kan shugabannin gidan. A watan Yuni 1791, Mariya Antoete tare da mijinta yayi ƙoƙarin mamayewa da sojojin Austramus, ƙoƙarin adana kursiyin da yara. Amma sakamakon hakan akasin haka: A watan 1792, fadar ta kwashe 'yan tawayen.
Rayuwar sirri
Bayan magance Phoemosis, Louis ya zama mai cikakken-full-fil. Bayan shekaru 7, shi da Mariya An samo Antette a cikin gado ɗaya. Ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya huɗu:' ya'ya maza guda biyu da 'ya'ya mata biyu. Game da rayuwa da makomar Mariya An Koyar da Masaia ba ta da fina-finai daya ba. A karo na farko, Sarauniyar Faransa ta taka leda a Melodrama Woderbrod BrandBrobbor Brandbridge Van Dike, an buga a kan allo a 1938.
Motor Morgan, Zhev'evyeva Kazil Vanass ya yi kokarin siyarwa da marassa antooman a cikin shekaru daban-daban. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo "Maria-antinette" sofia koppol, farkon wanda ya faru a 2006, Sarauniya ta buga wa Kirsten Dunst. Bayan shekaru 6, 'wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa, Sarauniya ta ce, Sarauniya ta fito, wacce Diana Kruger ya bayyana a hoton babban halayyar.
Ba da kulawa da Mariya Antoette da marubuta. Wani littafi game da Sarauniya ta rubuta sarauniya ta Stefan CWeig. An ambaci Heroine a cikin Littattafan litattafan Alexander Duma, Alexey Tolstoy, Lyon Feikhthangang da Henry Heine.
Maryant Anetete ya danganta marubutan kalmar "idan ba su da abinci, bari su ci abinci da wuri!". Amma masana bincike da masu bincike suna jayayya cewa tarihin asalin kalmomin da rudani kuma marubucin kalmar wani sarauniyar Faransa ne - Mariya Teresia. Maria-Anointe da gaske yana son rayuwa mai kyau da kuma rasa mai yawa daga baitulmalin, wanda ya karɓi sunan barkwanci mai ƙauna, amma a lokaci guda ya shahara da sadaka da tausayawa talaka.
Tsallake da aiwatarwa
Bayan rushewar Louis XVI da na miƙa mulki ga taron, an yaba wa dangin sarki a kurkuku. Bayan watanni 5, mulkin mallaka ya kashe, da Mariya Antete ta hanyar Tashanin Concierger, wanda ke kan tsibirin sita a kan seine. Shirye-shiryen masu sarauta don adana Sarauniyar ta yi nasara.
Kotu sama da Sarauniya ta shekaru 38 ya faru a tsakiyar Oktoba 1793. An zargi Mariya Anetete da cin amana da bukashen Faransa. Da sanyin safiya na Oktoba 16, an yanke masa hukuncin. Wanda ya rushe sarauniya tsirara, ta gurfanar da hannayensa a bayan sa. Kafin kisan Mariya Antette ya riƙe darajar sarauta. Ta hau kan scaffold kanta kuma ta sanya wuka da aka sanya wa wuka da guzonotine a yankin izini.
An jefa gunkin gunkin Mariya An jefa tangete a cikin babban kabarin a Bikin Sarauniya da Sarauniya. A cikin 1815, ragowar an kashe shi zuwa Saint-Denis Abbey a arewacin Paris. Ana ba a sani daidai wurin zama a cikin babban cathedral ba.
A cikin salon
- Yar ƙaramar Nellier . Maria-Anointe ya 'yantar da mata daga kunkuntar coorts da fannoni da suka lissafa ga girman da bai dace da karusa ba. An maye gurbin lambar rigar ta ta hanyar jinkirin sakawa - kayan cikin gida daga skirt, bodice da Sweat swechirts. Jaka ya haɗa da ƙirƙira Sarauniyar farin Mushin Messin, yana tunatar da rigar daren.
- Mashaya . Ana son yin ɗama, sarauniyar ta zama shimfida wurare, yana ba da shekaru. Hannu - a ƙarƙashin saƙonni, wata alama da aka yi amfani da ita ga cheeks, kuma wahalar da aka yiwa wuyanci, satin ribbons, elones.
- Mazaunin maza . Sarauniya, wanda ya zo farauta a camcole da chutats, ya gabatar da kara da jaket-phrafi. 'Yan mata sun sanya huluna na mutum.
- Muli. . Maria-Anterette ta gabatar da takalmin diddige sosai har ya iya kame kan faduwar a kan rani. Daga baya, takalmin sun tsira daga canji kuma ya juya zuwa cikin Muli - m slppers a kan karamin diddige tare da wanka, yatsunsu kafaɗa yatsunsu.
- Yawan kayan adon da kayan haɗi . Su - Ruffle, Garlands na furanni, bakuna - akwai ƙofofin da yawa akan rigunan da mata suke da kyau.
- Bugawa na fure . Tsarin furanni a cikin nau'i na furanni, bouquets, kayan ado na shuka - kirkirar Mariya Antoinete. An canza haruffan hoto a kan riguna na mata, amma ɗan wasan fure ya shiga cikin yanayin har abada.