Tari
Sau nawa masu karatun suna amsa marubucin daya ne? Misali, Ken Ken Ken "tashi a kan gida na cuckoo", Jerin na Sallinger -, harper Lee - don "kashe Mockingbird", Harper Lee - don "kashe MOCKingbird", turnuwa da shi. Marubutan marubuta da kuma ayyuka baƙon baƙi bane, saboda haka kuna iya rubuta komai don karancin fassarar. Amma yadda za a kasance tare da marubutan gida - tare da Alexander Griboedov, alal misali?Yaro da matasa
Marubuci na gaba da kuma diflomasiyya a cikin Moscow da aka haife. A cikin litattafan rubutu a kan littattafan sun rubuta abin da ya faru a Janairu 1785, amma kwararru suna shakkar wannan - wasu abubuwa daga tarihin rayuwarsa sun fi ban mamaki. Akwai zato cewa an haifi Alexander da haihuwar shekara biyar a baya, saboda a lokacin haihuwa a cikin daftarin aiki da aka rubuta, wanda aka fahimta a cikin waɗancan shekarun.
Af, a cikin 1795, Alexander Griboed dan'uwansa Bulus, wanda da rashin alheri, ya mutu a cikin shekaru jarirai. Wataƙila, takaddar sa ta haihuwa wacce daga baya ke aiki a matsayin marubuci. An haifi Sasha a cikin dangi mai daraja, wanda ya jagoranci Pan na Yana Gzhiovsky wanda ya koma Rasha. Sunan mai suna Griiboyedova shine ainihin canja wuri na sunan sunan suna.
Yaron ya girma m, amma a lokaci guda iko. Ilimin farko da aka karɓa a gida, karatun karanta littattafai suna zargin cewa wannan ya faru ne saboda ranar haihuwa. Malamin Sasha ya shahara a wadancan shekarun sawun mutanen Encyrozalius Ivan Petrozalius.
Duk da Pea'idar, an samo dabarun Hooloedov: Sau ɗaya, yayin ziyarar Katolika Dance "a jikin mutum fiye da malamai da kuma ikkilisiya da cocin da ke girgiza. Daga baya, tuni ya kasance dalibi na Jami'ar Moscow, Sasha za ta rubuta porody ne "Dmitry Cryanskaya", wanda kuma zai sanya shi cikin rashin nasara.
Ko da kafin karatu a Jami'ar Jihar Moscow Griboedov ya shiga Jami'ar Moscow Noble fensho a 1803. A cikin 1806 ya shiga reshe na Jami'ar Jami'ar Moscow, wacce ta ƙare cikin shekaru 2.
Bayan Griboedov, ya yanke shawarar jingina kan wasu ofisoshi biyu - ilimin lissafi da na siyasa da siyasa. Alexander ya karbi matakin dan takarar kimiyya. Yana shirin ci gaba da koyo da kuma ci gaba, amma tsare-tsaren mamayewa na 31ColEonic.
A lokacin yakin mai kishin kasa na 1812, marubucin na gaba ya shiga cikin matsayi na mai sa kai na Ayuba Moscow Gusar Registry, wanda ya jagoranci huldar Peter Ivanovich Sirtkov. Yin rajista a cikin gawawwakin tare da wasu baƙi daga iyalai masu kyau - lokacin farin ciki, Golitetn, EFUMOVSky da sauransu.
Litattafai
A cikin 1814, Griboedov ya fara rubuta manyan ayyukansa na farko, wanda shine labarin "da kuma ajiyar mawaƙa", wanda yake wani parody ne na framas na Faransa.
A shekara ta gaba, Alexander ya motsa zuwa St. Petersburg, inda ta gama. A St. Petersburg, marubucin NOVIV ya gana da dan majalisar da mashahuri Nikolai Ivanovich, a cikin mujallar Axika ta buga "daga baya.
A cikin 1816, ya zama memba na Masonic Lodge "United Vidiyon", kuma a cikin wani ɓangare na gargajiya na gargajiya ta hanyar girmamawa ga al'adun Rasha. A lokaci guda, marubucin ya fara aiki a kan "baƙin ciki daga hankali" - ra'ayoyin farko da kuma zane-zanen suna bayyana.
A lokacin bazara na 1817, Griboedov ya shiga hidimar jama'a zuwa Kwalejin Harkokin Kasuwanci, da farko a matsayin Sakataren lardin lardin Harkokin Waje, da kuma daga baya - a matsayin mai fassara. A wannan shekarar, Griboedov ya san Alexander Canzekin da Wilhelm Kukuheckckckckckckick.
Tare da duka biyun, zai zama mai ɗaukar ƙarfi fiye da sau ɗaya cikin ɗan gajeren rai. Ko da aiki a matsayin Sakataren lardin lardin, marubucin ya rubuta kuma ya wallafa "ɗalibin kifayen", "Amarya mai ban dariya". 1817 alama a cikin rayuwar Griboedov da wani taron - Lenendary Qaderru Avdurya Dualy, dalilin da Averrina Avdotya ta cancanta) aka yi aiki).
Koyaya, idan za onlyadovsky da kuma Shememetev an harbe a 1817 kuma duel griiboyedov da yakanbinvich a cikin Farisa . A kan hanyar zuwa wurin sabis, marubucin ya gudanar da zaren da ta rubuta tafiya.
A cikin 1819, Griboedov ya kammala aikin a kan "harafi ga mai shela daga tiflish" da kuma waƙa "yi hakuri, mahaifiyar". Lokacin da aka danganta da lokacin da aka danganta da lokacin sabis a Farisa zai bayyana a cikin "labarin farji" da "Ananur Qulantantine". A wannan shekarar, ya sami tsari na zaki da fitowar digiri na farko.
Yi aiki a Farisa ba kamar marubucin ba, don haka ya ma yi farin cikin hannunsa a 1821, saboda saboda raunin, marubucin ya sami damar canja wurin zuwa Georgia - kusanci da ƙasarsa. A shekarar 1822, ya zama Sakatare a cikin diflomasiyya sashin ya kasance a karkashin Janar Alexei Petrovich Yermolaev. Sannan ya rubuta kuma ya wallafa wasan kwaikwayo "1812", wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga yakin kishin.
A cikin 1823, ya bar sabis na shekaru uku don komawa ƙasarsu da annashuwa. A cikin wadannan shekaru, yana zaune a St. Petersburg, Moscow da kuma a cikin tsohuwar aboki a ƙauyen Dmitrovsky. Finadd da aiki a kan fitowar farko ta ban sha'awa a cikin ayoyin "Dutsen daga hankali", wanda ya riga ya ba da bita game da tsoffin Basonist cryonov. Ivan Andreevich godiya da aikin, amma gargadi cewa cocin ba za su rasa ba.
A shekarar 1824, Griboedov ya rubuta wakar "Dauda", Sketch "ambaliyar" Petersburg ambaliyar "da kuma wani labarin mai mahimmanci" da kuma rubuta - karya - da fassara - karya - karya - qarya. " Shekara mai zuwa ta fara aiki a kan fassarar "FAIST" Goethe, amma ya sami nasarar gama kawai "Repoluue a gidan wasan kwaikwayon". A karshen 1825, saboda buƙatar komawa zuwa sabis ɗin an tilasta wa yin tafiya zuwa Turai, maimakon zuwa Caucasus.
Bayan ya shiga cikin balaguro, Janar Alexey Alexey Alexandrovich veljaminov ya rubuta waƙar "annabta akan Chegel". A cikin shekarar 1826, an kama shi ya kai shi babban birnin kan tuhuma game da ayyukan da ayyukan Kristi, amma bayan watanni shida da aka saki shi bisa ga rashin shaidar kai tsaye. Koyaya, sa ido ga marubucin ya kafa.
A shekarar 1828, Griboedov ya shiga cikin sa hannu na yarjejeniyar Turkmacchai zaman lafiya. A wannan shekarar, ya sami tsari na digiri na biyu da aure. Morearin marubuci bai yi nasara ba don rubuta komai da bugawa, kodayake a cikin tsare-tsaren ta, kodayake a cikin tsare-tsaren na bincike musamman suna bin masifa game da Vladimir Monomak. A cewar su, Griboedov yana da damar, ba kasa da a Shakespeare ba.
Rayuwar sirri
Akwai ka'idar cewa duel na 1817 ya faru ne saboda gajeriyar abin da ya faru na Griboyededov tare da yaran m, amma babu gaskiya da ke tabbatar da wannan hasashen. A ranar 22 ga watan Agusta, 1828, marubucin ya auri Aristcratze Nina Charchavadze, wanda Alexander Sergeevich ya kira Madonna Bartal Mulillo. Ya sanar da ma'aurata a cikin cathedral na zion da ke cikin Tiflis (yanzu - TBilsi).
A ƙarshen 1828, Alexander da Nina suka gane cewa an jira ta. Abin da ya sa marubucin ya nace cewa matar ta ci gaba a gida yayin ofishin jakadancin Ofishinsa na gaba shekara, daga abin da bai taba komawa ba. Labarin labarai game da mutuwar mijin ya firgita ta wata budurwa ta girgiza. Haihuwa ta faru, haihuwar ta mutu.
Mutuwa
A farkon 1829, Griboedov an tilasta shi zuwa ofishin jakadancin zuwa Fetch Ali Shuf a Tehran. Janairu 30 a kan ginin da ofishin jakadancin na ɗan lokaci ne, an kaiwa gungun musulmi da yawa (fiye da dubu).
Adana mutum yayi nasara a cikin mutum ɗaya, bisa ga tsattsauran shawara, ya juya cikin wani gini. Alexander Griboedoed ya gano cikin matattu. An koya daga jikinsa ya koya daga raunin hannun hagu, wanda aka karɓa yayin duel tare da kusurwa tare da kusurwa Alexander Yakubovich a 1818.
An bayar da fifikon zaki da zaki da rana na digiri na biyu. Na binne marubucin, kamar yadda ya yi - a Tiflish, a kan Dutsen Mtatsminda, wanda ya kasance kusa da Ikilisiyar St. Dauda.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa
- Iyayen griboyedov na dangi ne: Anastasia Fedorovna ta yi wa Sergey Ivanovich a halin yanzu.
- Sergey Ivanovich - Uba Griboedov - wata caca ce sananne. An yi imanin cewa ya kasance daga gare shi ta hanyar gado ya sami marubuci mai kyau, godiya ga wanda ya sami damar zama polyglot. A cikin Arsensen Arsenal, Ingilishi, Italiyanci, Jamusanci, Larabci, Larabci, Baturke, tsohuwar Helenanci, da Latin.
- 'Yar uwa Griiboyededov - Maria Sergeyevna - ya kasance a wani lokaci wata shahararren Harp da Pianist. Marubucin kansa, ta hanyar, kuma an yi amfani da shi sosai har ma sun sami damar rubuta wasannin Piano da yawa.
- Griboedov kuma wasu daga dangi masu fasahar sa aka sanya a kan zane. Matar marubuci ne kaɗai wanda aka kama a hoto.
Littafi daya
- 1814 - "Matasa"
- 1814 - "Game da Daidaita Daya"
- 1817 - "C30bing gidan wasan kwaikwayon"
- 1817 - "ya nuna wa kafirci"
- 1819 - "Harafi ga mai shela daga tiflish
- 1819 - Ka yi hakuri, mahaifiyar "
- 1822 - "1812"
- 1823 - "Dauda"
- 1823 - "Wane ne ɗan'uwansu"
- 1824 - "Wayar"
- 1824 - "Kuma, lissafa - karya ce, kuma ta fassara - karya"
- 1824 - "Kaiton Bit"
- 1825 - "Magunguna a kan chogem"