Tari
Ayoyinta sun taimaka Lingrads don tsira a cikin birni kawai kuma ba su rasa mutuntakar ɗan adam ba. Mutane na mutuwa daga ci gaba sun saurara ga ruwayoyin poletess daga baƙar fata "faranti" na fitowa da kuma karfafa cikin imani da samun nasara. Muryar Bedgoly ta Olga da ake kira Alamar alama, da kuma peretess - "nuna goyon baya Madonna" da gidan birgima birni.Yaro da matasa
An haifi POETES a cikin bazara na 1910 a cikin birni a Neva. Olga, ko karya, a matsayinta na farko - farkon yaro na digiri na farko na jami'ar Derpt, Muryar Zetor Christophore Bergholts, wanda ke tserewa Jamusawa. Mama Olga - Maria Timofeevna Grasp, wata mace mai ilimi da ilimi, "daga tsohon." A aure, an haifi 'yan matan biyu - Olga (Lyalya) da Mariya (Musya). Muna damu da yara da gidan mace sun taimaka wa Nanny da kuma governess.
Iyali sun rayu a wani tsohon gida a cikin sayayya na Nevsky. Juyin juya halin Musulunci ya ja Dr. Bgrtz daga rayuwa ta lumana - filin tiyata ya hau gaba. Yunwar da kuma lalata sanya iyali bar Bitrus ya koma Uglich. Bergholtsy sun zauna a cikin dakin sanyi, da zarar tantanin tsohon gidan ibada. Mulnutrition, talauci, lush - Lyalya da Museya da uwa da ta kware duk lokacin soja. A Uglich, Olga Bergolts ya tafi makaranta. Wata ƙasa daga Uglich zuwa Enrograd ya ɗauki Uban ya dawo daga gaba.
'Ya'ya mata na Mariya Timofevna ta daukaka' yan matan Turgenev: ya buga ayyukan litattafan litattafan litattafai, karanta waƙoƙi. Idan ba ga juyin juya hali ba ne, Lyalya da Musya za su zama na Gyada, ɗalibai na Cibiyar Cibiyar Mata ce. Amma dokoki da fashion da aka tsara lokacin-juyi. Na bayar da gudummawa ga tarawar yara da Fyaodor Chrisforovich, wani rashin yarda wanda ya yarda wanda ya nuna wariyar launin fata, kuma haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙora ne ga abin da ya gabata.
Rage a cikin sananniyar matasa Olga Bobiolts ya faru da sauri: Yarinyar ta tafi lambar Makarantar Ma'aikata ta 117, a cikin shekara 14 ya zama majagaba da mai gwagwarmaya mai gabatarwa. Sannan ya rubuta waƙoƙi na farko da ake kira "majagaba".
A cikin 15, yarinyar ta kai kulob din da ke aiki, inda aka kafa canjin kungiyar 'yan wasa' '. Matasa da matasa, motsa jiki a cikin rubutun, sun gana da Matrah. Bagr bagritsky, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Joseph Utkin, ya zo kulob. Masters daga cikin kalmar da aka zartar da kwarewa, ta saurara ga matasa salon, bayar da shawarwari.
Litattafai
Ayoyi na farko na Olga Bedggolts sun bayyana a 1925 a cikin New Fact News Stretter. Kuma a cikin 15, Jaridar Soviet ta yara da matasa "Leninist Sparks" buga "waƙoƙin" Game da Bann Lines ".
Farkon yabo ta farko ta yabon waya na Olga Bengholz ya yi sauti daga bakin Matra da ake girmamawa, Kornea Chukovsky. A maraice maraice na litwbyping "canzawa", mai bakin ciki na bakin ciki ya karanta "dutse mai dutse" - daya daga cikin rubuce-rubucen na farko. Tushen Tushen Ivanovich, rungume yarinyar ta kafadu, furta mata wata babbar makoma.
Amma asalin rayuwar Olga Bergoltz ya inganta ba da sauri kamar yadda nake so ba. A cikin 1920th mawakan mawaduna tare da idanu masu kona, foshinsu, ado a cikin Khaki hadari ya fi isa. Berggolts sun banbanta da abokan aikinsa, ɗaukaka ta a kusa da fuskarta. A cikin 1926, Olga tare da takwaransa mai baiwa daga "Canje", Boris Kornlov, cikin soyayya ba tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ba, ya zama ɗalibin darussan darasi. Bayan rufewarsu, ma'auratan sun je wa jam'iyyar Phory na Jami'ar Leningrad.
Diploma Pre-Dipma Musicer Midggolts ya wuce a Vladikavkaz. Dalibin dalibi yana sha'awar Caucasus, yana jin wahayi mai ban mamaki. Ta yi tafiya zuwa Ossetia, ta ziyarci ginin tashar Hydroeclecrocor, yana yawo a cikin tsaunuka a cikin tsaunuka kuma, ba tare da gaji ba, har yanzu mai rauni ne, mara rauni.
Bayan watanni biyu da rabi, mai kirkirar Piggy Bank na Olga Bengholts ya wadatar da wallafe-wallafen biyu waɗanda suka ɗauki jaridar "ikon aiki". Jami'in Osetian ya karye ni da aikin soja na soja na birni da ƙauyuka daga Vladikavkaz zuwa Tiflis. Ma'aikatan jaridar sun taimaka da Bergholz don koyan rayuwa, nazarin mutane, samar da layin duniya. Wata sabuwar 'yar jarida don haka ya faɗi cikin ƙauna tare da Caucasus, wanda ya shirya komawa zuwa waɗannan gefuna bayan ƙarshen jami'a.
Fate ya ba da umarnin in ba haka ba: tunda tun ba a sami difloma ba, Bedgogolts, ya tafi Kazakhstan. Ta yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida "na Soviet Steppe", tare da miji na biyu Nikolai Molchanov ya rayu cikin yanayin rayuwa, amma ya ji farin ciki. Olga ya rubuta labarai, maganganu, labarai. Tsarin zane na farko na yara da ake kira "hunturu-rones-parrot" ya fito.
Olga Berggolts ya dawo Lengerad a 1931 kuma zauna a cikin jaridar Prorderrola. A shekara ta 1935, littafin wa poems ya fito, wanda ake kira kawai - "Lyrics". Bergholts ya yarda da kungiyar marubutan. Amma wannan rayuwar marubucin ya yiwa alama alama ta hanyar sarkar masifa.
Bayan kisan Sery Kirov, "tsaftacewa" ya fara a babban birnin arewa. A cikin bazara na 1937, Soulhu an nada shi ne "abokan gaban mutane" wasu rukunin marubuta, gami da tsohon mijin Poeres Boris Kornilov. Berggolts don hulɗa tare da mawaƙan mai duba da aka cire daga ƙungiyar marubuta. Bayan watanni uku, an kori ɗan jaridar daga aiki. Ta zauna a makaranta, inda ya koyar da Rashanci da wallafe-wallafe ga yara.
A cikin Janairu 1938, ƙuduri "an buga Olga Bergholz don fatan dogara. Bayan bayanin marubucin, an mayar da shi ga hadin gwiwa, a farkon kaka ya karbi jaridar masana'anta, don wurin da ya gabata. An harbe tsohon mijin Boris Korniv (sake fasalin a 1957).
Kamar yadda ya juya, da Bergholts "nono" don zargin da ya kara da cewa: A karshen shekarar 1938, kiran Oljodkyist kuma wanda ya shirya wani yunƙuri a kan Andrei Zhdanov da Clement Voroshilov da Clement Voroshiliv. A sakonni, mace ta doke, ta rasa ɗa. Daga Berggolts, an doke furci, ta yi barazanar harbi.
Taimakon ya fito ne daga wanda ya fito daga wanda Berggolts Olga Bergggolts bai yi tsammani ba: ya taimaka daga fita daga cikin mai jin kunya mai kunya Fadeev. Game da marubucin, akwai shigarwa game da bayar da shaidar a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Miji Nikolai Molchinov ya taimaka wa abin da ya faru. Amma babban yakin da ya dace ya hana farin ciki na farin ciki.
Yaƙi
Doki Olga Bobingholts ya tafi gaban, dukda cewa yana da tawaya. A watan Janairun 1942, an kara tsananta da Mollaccanova, ya fada a asibiti kuma a Janairu 29 ga Janairu. A lokacin bazara na 1942, mahaifin OlGGY Bergholts ya kira wani abu mai haɗari na zamamuka (dalilin shine sunan mahaifi) kuma an aika zuwa Krasnoyarsk. Dystrophy na poetess, abokai sun tsallaka shi cikin Moscow, ceton rai. Mace ta dawo cikin watanni 2. Ta yi aiki a rediyo, muryarta ga leingradiated lingradia ta zama asalin ƙasa.
Rediyo mai Rediyo na Berggangols, wanda ya sanar da ƙarfin karfin bakenan Leningradians, bayan yaƙin da suka shiga cikin tarin "in ji Leengrad". A cikin "leengerad waka" Bedggolts a gaban masu karatu da suka samo hoton garin daular da ta kewaye. Wannan daya ne kawai daga cikin dozin da yawa yana aiki game da shinge Lenenrad, mafi yawan sokin. A karkashin alkalami na Olga Fedorovna a cikin wadancan mummunan shekaru, waƙoƙin "Diary Diary Fatan" da "an haife su" memory masu kariya ".
Bayan yakin, Berggolts ya rubuta littafin "taurari na rana" - The Falsophical diary ne, taƙaita gogewa. A ƙarshe, kasar ta yi godiya ga mafi kyautar marubuci, girgiza Olga Berggolts Umurs da lambobin yabo. Amma babban lambar yabo ce ta al'umma da taken "Lengerad Madonna". Shahararren Stitching Poetess ya sassaka a Piskarevsky Tunawa da Kabilar Seminister:
"Ba wanda aka manta kuma babu abin da aka manta."Amma matsaloli a rayuwar Olga Bergholts ba su daina bayan nasarar ba. An tuhumi abota da Anna akmatova a cikin laifi, littafin "in ji Legenrad" kwace daga dakunan karatu. A cikin hunturu na 1948, babu wani uba mai poetess. Saitin wahalar da ke fama da cutar ta shafi damuwa da damuwa game da bala'in: Bedggolts ya buge asibiti don rashin lafiya.
Bayan sun bar asibitin Olga Fedorovna ta rubuta wasannin, waɗanda aka sa a cikin masu sayar da Lenenrad. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950 a Moscow, memba na girma biyu sun fito. Bergolts Diaries bayan mutuwar marubucin ya kwace a cikin Chrona na musamman. Aka buga a cikin Lamini ukun na ayyuka a 1990. A cikinsu, Olga Fedorovna ta doke ikon da ta samar da mummunan hadayun mutum a yakin. A tef ɗin rubutun "Ta yaya ba zai yiwu ba zamu iya rayuwa game da makomar" bulala Madonna ".
Rayuwar sirri
Farin ciki yayi murmushi na Olga Bergolz da wuya. Loveaunar Matasa don Boris Cornilov ya ƙare da rabuwa: tauraron tauraron matar ta girma cikin barasa. Rabu da sulhu sun gaji da Olga. Miji ya tafi, yana barin 'yar Irina. Lokaci na ƙarshe da suka ga mutuwar crenilov jim kaɗan kafin kisa. Daga Olga Bergulz ya yi aure a karo na biyu. Nikolai Molchchanov ya juya ya zama babban mutum a rayuwata, ya gafarta wa karar litattafai da bauta wa matarsa.
A aure tare da Molchatov, an haife shi na biyu - Mayaya. Bayan shekara guda, a 1932, yarinyar ta mutu. A cikin shekaru 4, babba yarinyar Ira ya mutu, wanda ya sami cututtukan zuciya. Dukkanin masu juna biyu masu ciki Olga Bitgolt sun katse. A lokacin da matar ta rasa ɗa a cikin jeji na Nkvd.
Mace Farin Cikin Farin Ciki Auni ya yi murmushi a cikin "bulala Madonna" bayan mutuwar Nikolai MolchanVa. Ma'aikaci na Rediyon Heorgy Mconenko ya kula da Olga, lokacin da ta ci yunwa, ba da tsoro da baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki, sun rasa sha'awar manne wa rai. Daga baya, wannan ƙauna ta ƙarshe ta zuba a cikin ayoyi, yana kiran "lokacin bazara na Indiya". Sati da rutin riko ji. George ya bar Olga, wata mace ta bayyana a rayuwarsa. Har zuwa mutuwarsa a kan teburin dare, Olga Bergggolts ya tsaya hoto na biyu - Nikolai Molchchanova.
Mutuwa
Olga Bergolt bai zama Nuwamba 13 ba, 1975. Gidan kayan gargajiya na jinin langendrad ya zama 65.
Na binne abin da ta koyar - a makabartar piskarevsy, a tsakanin abokai da suka mutu a cikin shingen. Olga Berggolts kabari - a kan Wolf Kold, a kan layin lahira. An kafa abin tunawa a cikin shekaru 30, a cikin 2005.
An kira sunan marubucin a gundumar Nevsky. Wani kuma ya sa sunan Bergholts a tsakiyar Uglich.
Littafi daya
- 1935 - "Lyrics"
- 1944 - "Lingrad Diary"
- 1946 - "in ji Legenrad"
- 1960 - "star star"
- 1967 - Ayyukan da aka zaba a cikin kundin 2
- 1967 - "taurari taurari"
- 1970 - "biyayya"