Tari
Suleiman I - na goma na Sultan Ottoman Ottoman - ya ba da ikonsa da ba a bayyana shi ba. Babban mai nasara ya zama sananne a matsayin mawadar da ya dace na dokokin, wanda ya kirkiro sabbin makarantu da kuma farkon ginin ginin tsarin gine-gine.
A cikin 1494 (A cewar wasu rahotanni - a cikin 1495), Turktan Sultan na Turkiya ni da 'yar Crusan Khan ni da kuma' yar Crusian Khan ni da kuma 'yar Crusian Khan ni da kuma dan cinye fitiliyar fitilu ya canza kasarsu.
Wata Sultan Suleiman Na sami ilimi mai haske a lokacin makarantar bana a Istanbul, da sam yara da suke gudana suna karanta litattafai da ayyukan ruhaniya. Tun daga farkon shekaru, matasa suna lura da al'amuran gudanarwa na gudanarwa, a nada larduna uku na gwamnan, ciki har da cikin Vasal Mumal Crimean Khan. Ko da kafin hawa kursiyin, matasa Suleiman ya lashe soyayya da girmama mazauna garin Ottoman.
Farkon hukumar
Suleiman ya ɗauki kursiyin lokacin da yake kusan shekara 26. Bayanin bayyanar sabon sarki mallakar kungiyar jakadan kasar Sarian Bartolomeo Bakanaso, ta shigo da sanannen littafin Ingilishi "a Turkiyya:
"Mai girma, mai ƙarfi, tare da magana mai ban sha'awa. Wuyanta ya ɗan lokaci kaɗan fiye da yadda aka saba, fuskar tana da bakin ciki, hanci ita ce. Fatar fata ta wuce pallor mai wuce kima. Sun ce shi ne Ubangijin mai hikima, da kuma duk mutane fatan alkhairi. "Da Suleiman da farko ya tabbatar da bege. Ta fara da ayyukan mutum-mutumi - sun mayar da 'yancin ɗaruruwan da aka ɗaure a cikin sarkar daga iyalai masu daraja sun kama shi. Ya taimaka wajen ci gaba da kasuwanci tare da kasashe.
Musamman mai farin ciki da hanyoyin Turawa na Turawa, suna fatan duniya na daɗewa, amma, kamar yadda ta juya, da wuri. An duba da adalci da adalci a farkon kallo, mai mulkin turkey har yanzu yana zubar da mafarkin ɗaukakar soja.
Manufofin Harkokin Waje
A karshen kwamitin, tarihin soja na Suleiman da na yi yakin kamfen sojila 13, wanda yakin neman kamfenan 10 - a Turai. Kuma wannan ba ƙidaya kananan hare-hare. Daular Ottoman bai taɓa yin ƙarfi ba: ya shimfiɗa daga Algeria zuwa Iran, Masar da kusan zuwa bakin ƙofa na Vienna. A wancan lokacin, kalmar "Turkawa a ƙofar" ta zama mummunan hasumiya don cinyayya, da mai mulkin Ottoman da maƙiyin Kristi.
Bayan shekara guda bayan hawa, Suleiman ya tafi kan iyakar Hungary. A karkashin matsin lamba na sojojin Turkiyya sun fadi kagara na Shabat. An jefa nasara kamar yalwa - Osmans ya kafa iko akan Red Teku, Algeria, Tunisia da Rhodes tsibiri, Tabriz da Iraq.
Tekun Bahar Rum da gabashin Bahar Rum kuma ya faru a taswirar daular daular da sauri. A cikin underungiyar Sultan na Hungary, Slavonia, transylvania, Bosnia da Herzegovina. A cikin 1529, Sarkin ya zargi Austria, hadarin sojojin na sojoji dubu 120,000 na babban birninta. Koyaya, cutarwar da Vienna ta taimaki sojojin Ottoman. Siege ya cire.
A kan kasashen Rasha, Suleiman bai yi kokarin saleiman da gaske ba, yana tunanin Rasha wani lardin DEAFI na lardin da ba ya kashe kokarin da kashe kudi. Osmans lokaci-lokaci shirya hare-hare kan mallakar jihar na jihar, amma ya kai babban birnin, amma kamfen-sikelin bai faru ba.
A karshen mulkin mulkin Ubangiji, da Daular Ottoman ta juya zuwa mafi girman kasa da karfi a tarihin duniyar Musulmi. Koyaya, abubuwan da suka faru da barcin ya ƙare baitulmalin - bisa ga kimantawa, abin da ke cikin sojojin daga sojojin da Yaychors, suka ci abinci uku na kasafin halin zaman lafiya na zamanin da zaman lafiya.
Siyasar ta cikin gida
Suleiman ba a sanannen sunan baje mai ma'ana ba: Rayuwar sarki ya cika da ita ba mulkin soja ba, Sultan ya yi nasarar harkokin mulkin soja kawai, Sultan ya yi nasarar harkokin mulkin soja kawai A kan umarninsa, Alkalin Ibrahim daga Aleppo sun sabunta Kotun, wanda ya yi aiki har zuwa karni na ashirin. Aiwatar da rauni da hukuncin kisa ya ragu zuwa mafi karancin, kodayake masu laifi sun kama karya na kudi da takardu, har yanzu mzomoti da kuma rushewar hannun dama.
Jami'in addini mai hikima, inda wakilan addinai daban-daban sun yi aiki, dauke shi dole ne a raunana dokokin da aka yi. Amma wani ɓangare na gyare-gyare bai faru ba saboda yaƙe-yaƙe na dindindin.
Ya canza zuwa mafi kyawun tsarin da ilimi ya fara bayyana daya bayan wani, da masu digiri, idan ana so, wadanda ake so a cikin manyan masallatan takwas.
Godiya ga Sultan, an cika tsarin gine-gine da masanin kwastomomi. Bisa ga almara da ƙaunataccen gine-gine, Sinana gina uku chic masallatai - Selimia, Shehzade da Suleymania (na biyu mafi girma a babban birnin kasar Turkey), wanda ya zama wani samfurin na Ottoman style.
An rarrabe Suleiman ta hanyar baiwa mai ban dariya, don haka rubutun halittar bai damu ba. A lokacin mulkinsa, Ottoman Mawally tare da Persia an goge hadisai. A lokaci guda, sabon matsayi ya bayyana - Mawallafin Ryhthmic, wanda ya shiga tannin al'amuran yanzu.
Rayuwar sirri
Suleiman In, a game da al'amuran kayan ado, ya ji daɗin baki ne kuma har ma da bindigogin sun jefa bindigogi na soja.
Mata nawa ne a cikin taurarin Sarkin Musulmi, ba a sani ba. Marubutan tarihi sun sani kawai game da ainihin abubuwan da aka fi so jami'an da suka fi dacewa da Suleiman. A cikin 1511, ƙwararrun farko na magaji na ɗan shekaru 17 zuwa kursiyin ya zama FYUUUUULAN. Ooki Mahmoud ya mutu a kananando, ba tare da tsira har zuwa shekaru 10 ba. Yarinyar ta ɓace daga fa'idar rayuwar gidan gaisuwa kusan zuwa sama bayan mutuwar yaron.
Gulfem Hatuun, ƙafara ta biyu, kuma ta gabatar da da aka shuka, wanda cutar ta bulla ba ta daɗe. Mace ta haifar da Sultan, rabin karni ya kasance abokin nasa da mai ba da shawara. A cikin 1562, Gulfem a kan umarnin Suleiman ya fado.
Mafi kyawun fificin da aka fi so yana kusa da matsayin matar mai mulkin - Makhidevan-Sultan. Shekaru 20, aka yi babban tasiri a cikin cizon sauro da fadar, amma ta gaza ƙirƙirar dangi da Sarkin Musulmi. Ya bar babban birnin daular tare da dan Mustafa, wanda gwamnan ya nada shi daga cikin lardunan. Daga baya, aka zartar da magaji ga kursiyin saboda laifin da ake zargin cewa zargin zai jefar da Uba.
Jerin mata Suleiman mai martaba ne mai kyau ta hanyar Hurmer. Mafi so na tushen Slavic, rokolana, fursuna daga Galicia, kamar yadda aka kira shi a cikin Kirista, sannan kuma ya dauki mattanta: Aurenta auren aurenta a 1534.
Sunan baƙuwar Hamer ("Laming") Rokrolana sun sami fushi da kyawawan abubuwa. Mahaliccin Hassreat a cikin fadar Topkapi, wanda ya kafa kungiyoyi masu ba da gudummawa da marubutan, duk da cewa bai banbanta da cikakkiyar tunani ba - abubuwan da aka yi godiya a kansu da kuma abin duniya.
Rokolana ta yi amfani da mijinta, ta hanyar nonanta, sultan ta musuliniya ya kawar da 'ya'ya maza da sauran matan, sun zama masu shakku da mugunta. Hurrin ya haifi wa 'yar Mihrisa da' ya'ya biyar maza biyar.
Daga cikin waɗannan, bayan rasuwar mahaifin, jihar Selim ta shugabanci Sefen, wanda, bai rarrabe shi da wani kyakkyawan kwarai da kudanci ba, yana ƙaunar sha da tafiya. A lokacin sarautar Selim, Daular Ottoman ta fara bushewa. Sulemanƙarar Suleiman bai ba da hankula a tsawon shekaru ba, bayan mutuwar matarsa, shugaban Turkiyya ba ya da ƙari a karkashin kambi.
Mutuwa
Sultan, wanda ya sa gwiwoyinsa, manyan jihohi suka mutu, kamar yadda shi kansa yake so, a yaƙi. Hakan ya faru yayin kewaye na sansanonarrun Harshen Sigtaur. Shekaru 71 mai shekaru Santyman ya dade da azaba ta hanyar gout, cutar ta ci gaba, har ma hawa doki ya rigaya ya da wahala.
Ya mutu da safe na Satumba na 6 ga Satumba, 1566, kuma ba tare da fara rayu da wasu sa'o'i zuwa ga hadari mai ƙarfi na sansanin soja ba. A nan ne ayyukan likitocin nan da nan suka kashe wannan bayanin game da mutuwa bai kai ga sojojin ba, wanda a cikin zafin rana zai iya tayar da tashin hankali. Bayan da magajin gari zuwa semi ya shigar da iko a Istanbul, jarumawa sun sami labarin mutuwar Ubangiji.
A cewar Legend, Suleiman ji ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙarshe kuma ya ƙidaya kwamandan hannun shugaba na ƙarshe. Bukatar da ma'anar falsafanci a yau an san kowa: Sultan ya nemi kada ya rufe hannayensa kan jana'izar, har ma da Suleiman , yana tare da hannaye baki.
Wata almara ana haɗa shi da mutuwar mai mulkin Turkiyya. An shirya jikin mutum, kuma an sanya abubuwan ciki na ciki a cikin jirgin ruwan gwal na zinare kuma an ƙone shi a wurin mutuwarsa. Yanzu akwai hasoleoleums da masallaci. Ragowar Suleiman yana hutawa a kan makabartar Sulmania ya gina shi, kusa da Roxolana Mausoleum.
Tunani
Bayan 'yan zane-zane da takardu sun gaya wa rayuwar Suleiman I. Jerin "muhimmin karni na" ya kasance kariya mai nauyi na rashin lafiyar cuta, wanda ya ga haske a shekarar 2011. A cikin rawar da shugaban kungiyar Ottoman, da Khalit Eryarguch, wanda baiyen wawan sha'aninsa ya fi shi hoton.
Hoton da ɗan wasan kwaikwayon ya kirkiro shi a matsayin mafi kyawun siginar ikon sultan a sultan. Matar Sarkin tana wasa Merry Prtellili, actress tare da Tushen Jamus-Turkiyya, ma, sun yi nasarar canja wurin manyan fasali cherreere - immedaticy da gaskiya.
Littattafai
- "Suleiman mai girma ne. Mafi girma Sarkin Musulmi na daular Ottoman. 1520-1566 ", Littã Ya Rago
- "Suleiman. Sultan Gabas, "Littafin Lamban Rago
- "Sultan Suleiman da Rokolana. Loveaunar Madawwami a cikin haruffa, ayoyi, takardu masu girma.
- Jer'i jerin "karni mai ban mamaki", N. Pavlischev
- "Babban tsufa Suleiman da Hurm-Sultan", P. Parker
- "Girmanci da rushewar Daular Ottoman. Laifi mara kyau ", Todwin Jason, kwallaye m
- "Rokrolana, Sarauniyar Gabas", O. Nazaruk
- "Harem", B. Kananan
- "Flowing da kuma raguwa na Daular Ottoman", L. Kinross
Fina-finai
- 1996 - "rokolana"
- 2003 - "" Sultan Sultan "
- 2008 - "cikin Neman Gaskiya. Rokrolana: Hanyar jini zuwa kursiyin "
- 2011 - "babban karni na"
Ilkin fasalin gine-gine
- Masallaci Sulymania
- Masallaci daga Mastan
- Masallaci Shehzade
- Masallaci Salium