Tari
Shahararren Kwamandan Sojojin Rasha, ministan da ke da taken Janar Mikharigns a wajen yakin kwantar da hankali na 1812 da kuma kamfen na soja a waje da Rasha - Mikhail Barclay Camtly. Wannan Wellond na iya yin gasa bisa ga matakin shahara ko da tare da Alexander Vasilyevich Supvorov.
Mikhail Bogdanovich ta yi amfani da shi, a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe, da suka soki da mutanen zamani, amma zuriyar ta fahimci kwararrun dabarun babban dabarun Rasha. A keɓe na Barclay ya ba da kalmomin Rasha ta nuna kalmomin mutumin soja a kan cewa, idan ya ɗauki nasara.
Yaro da matasa
Tarihin Asalin Barclay de Tolly iyali ya kafe a cikin karni na XI da zurfi cikin ƙasan Turai. Nikolai Bogdunovich Nikolai Bogdunovich daga zuriyar tsohuwar Scotland ce, tarihin ya fara da Robert Barclay. Robert da kansa shine barin daga ƙasashen Scandinavian. A wani ɓangare na sojojin na Duke na Normandy Wilhelm na yi nasara (Wilhelm Norman na yi nasara (Robelt Barclay ya kasance a Biritaniya, inda ya kasance ya rayu. Wurin zama, mutumin ya zaɓi ƙauyen tare da sunan sunan Barclay. Zuriyar Robert sun kasu zuwa rassan Roberel biyu - barclay na gangley (da zartar da wanzuwa) da kuma barclay na Touie. An canza tsoffin kabilu.
Iyalin barcin da ke cikin danginka sun ji daɗin gidan iyali kuma sun sami nasarar isowa Oliver Cromwell, tilasta masa Barcelly Colomwell, tilasta masa Barcellayers su gudu daga Biritaniya. Babban Kakan kakamici ya zauna a Rigar, inda aka gudanar su cikin kasuwanci har ma sun halarci hanyarsu zuwa wuta.
Bayan Latvia ta zama wani ɓangare na daular Rasha, mai wingold gttland (mahaifin membobin gunguan nan gaba) ya karɓi taken. Bayan ya yi aiki a cikin hidimar soja, tunatarwa ta auri budurwa margaritata-Elizabeth Von Start. Margarida ya kasance asalin Jamus ne, yana da kyakkyawan taken kuma an haifi shi ko aka haife shi a cikin dangin masu wadatar firist, ko a cikin dangin sanannen firist.
Disamba 13, 1761 (a cewar wasu bayani, 27 ga Disamba) a cikin dangin Wugold Gottland da Margarita-Alisabatu, an haifi ɗa. Tarihin tarihin kwamandan bai ceci kwanan wata ba, har ma wurin haihuwar Mikhail, a wannan karon akwai sauran sabani a cikin masana tarihi.
Yaron sunansa Jamus Mikhael Andreas. Koyaya, tare da baftisma, Michael ya samu sunan Mikhail. An haɗa Patronzovich Bogdanovich tare da etymology na sunan mahaifinsa: Gottland a cikin Jamusanci yana nufin "wannan Allah." Mikhail ya zama ɗan ɗa na biyu na wasu ma'aurata aure.
Tun a cikin karni na XVIIII na cikin manyan mutanen Jamusawa sun ba da labarin iyalai mata huɗu don koyar da matasa ga St. Petersburg zuwa ga Mikhail, a cikin gidan inna don mahaifiyar. Kanar tare da matarsa, da ke da iyayen iyaye na kwamandan nan gaba, wanda ya cika aikinsu, godiya ga wanda yaron ya sami kyakkyawan ilimin gida. Tun lokacin da yake yaro, yaron ya zama sha'awar tarihin soja, dabaru da dabarun yaƙi, ya yi magana da yawa daga cikin kasashen waje.
Lura da post na uba mai tallafi, da kuma bukatun ɗan kansa, da tambayar zabar sana'a ba sa tsaye a gare shi. Wani shekaru shida, an jera Mikhail a cikin sahun na Novotroites Kirashen Novotroitsky KIRASITY HAIMATI, wanda ya umarci Uba na Hukumarsa. Bayan shekaru biyu, daular Rasha ta fara yaƙi da Daular Ottoman. Mika'ilu kaɗan na sa ido ga haruffa daga Ungle kuma suna kallon wasan kwaikwayo na tashin hankali.
Aikin soja
Sabis na soja Mikhail ya fara da layuka na recess na kwayar cutar PSKOT. Bayan shekaru biyu, saurayin ya karbi matsayin Mornet, kuma wani shekaru biyar bayan haka, Mikhaiaili ya zo da matsayin wani podoruk. Mikhail ya tashi sosai a kan wani babban matakin ilimi da ƙaunar karatu. Koyaya, wannan gaskiyar ita ce dalilin kishi na abokan sojojin don nasarar Barclay ya yi tolly. Daga nan Janar Patkul ya fassara Mikhail zuwa sabis a St. Petersburg. A nan, wani ɗan ƙaramin labari ya karu da cancantar akan memoram M.i. Kutatuzov. Mikhail Illarionovich ya mai da hankali kan abun ciki da kuma wadatar sojoji, da kuma barclay de tolly ya karbi wannan ra'ayi.
Kanal na matasa Barclay de Tolly ya zama shekaru goma na aikin soja marasa son kai. Je zuwa yarima na Viktor Shattsksksy a cikin matsayin kyaftin, Mikhail ya karbi kwarewa ta hanyar gudanar da tashin hankali na gaske - yakin Turkawa na 1878 ya fara. A wannan lokacin, Barclay ya zama sananne a matsayin kwamandan-mai ruwan sanyi da na sanyi, wanda yake iya ɗaukar mafita kai tsaye zuwa fagen fama.
A cikin 1788, sojojin Rasha sun ɗauki harin Ochak. A yayin wannan aiki, matasa Barclay hadu da shi Kutatuzov, kuma ya kuma shaida gazawar Suu da Poremkin. Kuma don Ceton Yarima Yarima Mikhail ya karbi kyautar ta farko - tsari na St. Vladimir.
A cikin 1879, mikhail bogdanovich, wanda ya karɓi wani karuwa, canjawa wuri zuwa gaban Yakin tare da Swedes. Akwai aka kashe a cikin yaƙi da maikhail Mikhail Yarima Analt. Kafin mutuwarsa, yariman ya gabatar Barblay takobin da takobin da Mikhail Bogdanovich ya binne shi a kan nufinsa.
Wani taron da Barcellay taron tare da Suvirgvov ya faru ne a cikin 1794 a cikin garin Grodno, a matsayin wani bangare na yakin neman kebul na iskar yadin da ke iyo. Don ƙarfin zuciya da ƙarfin hali a cikin yaki da 'yan tawayen, Mikhail Bogdanovich ya karbi umarnin St. George.
Tunda samun lakabin Kanal, Barclay de Tolls ya tsira daga mutuwar Catherine II, isowar OF Bulus I, lokacin da iri ɗaya Suva suka fada cikin diffavor. Mikhail Bogdanovich ya ci gaba da jagoran Registan Hanish na 4 a cikin jihohin Baltic, inda ya gudanar da zabin da aka karba ya koya musu. Aikin kwantar da hankali na sarki bai tsaya ba ga Barclay kuma da mutuwar Bulus da isowar Alexander I.
Sai kawai a cikin 1806, Mikhail Bogdunovich ya sake fitomed da yaƙi tare da gungunsa, ya fuskanci sojojin Napoleon. Don ci gaba a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe tare da abokin hamayyarsa Barclay, an bayar da umarnin St. George. Bayan shekara, Janar Mikhail Bogdanovich ya sami mummunan rauni a cikin yaƙin. Bayan shekara guda, bayan magani na dogon lokaci a asibiti, Barclay ya dawo fagen fama a Finland.
A cikin 1809, Barclay ya yi ba da kariya, aikin soja da ba a bayyana ba, yayin da yake tafiya tare da gawawwakin Quark a kan Martam na kankara da kuma bayyana a bayan abokan shakatawa na bakin ciki. Wannan kyakkyawan aikin aiki ya zama farkon ƙarshen tashin zuwa tsakanin Rasha da Sweden. A sakamakon aikin, da yankin Finland ya haɗe zuwa Rasha, kuma gaba daya da kansa ya zama gwamna tasa.
Tare da sabon matsayi, Mikhail Bogdunovich ba ya fi muni da ayyukan soja, dangane da wanda a shekara ta 1810 ya sanya shi ministar daular Rasha. A cikin sabon matsayi a kan kafadu, Barclaya sa mai nauyi da mai nauyi - don shirya sojoji don yakin da ke tafe tare da Faransa. Bayan mahimmancinsa game da mahimmancin kyautatawa na sojoji don cin nasara, ministan ya sami karuwa a cikin kudade da fadada jihar.
Bayan ya yi nazarin dabarun abokan gaba, Mikhail Bogdanovich ta ci gaba da yin gwagwarmayar sa, wanda sojojinsa suka yi jingina da zurfi cikin kasar, matsakaicin sadarwa na sojojin Napoleon da kuma shakatawa shi. Barclay de Tolly "dabarun scythian" ya sa taro na denunciation game da "cin amana" ga TSA A cikin Te Alexander, ciki har da daga jakar.
Koyaya, rundunar sojojin Rasha ta ci gaba da shirya hanyoyin hanya, suna kaiwa ga mutuwar Faransanci mai yarda da kai. Duk da cewa game da hanyoyin satar, da Faransa ta fara jure wa shan kashi, matsin lamba a kan sarki da kuma Alexaider an tilasta cire Mikhail Bogdanovich daga ofis. Sojojin sun kai wa Mikhail Illarionovich Kutatuzov. A bi, Barclay sun sanya Sarki ya fid da shi daga aikin soja, amsar da ba ta jira ba.
Daga baya, Mikhail Bogdanovich ya rubuta cewa babban sha'awarsa a cikin yakin Borodino ya ci gaba da kasancewa a filin daga daga cikin fād. Fatan sa ba a ƙaddara su cika ba, amma ƙarfin ƙarfin sha'awoyi sun dawo wurin Janar Madau da na yau da kullun.
Rayuwar sirri
Mikhail Bogdanovich ya dauke wa hidimar ta, saboda haka kwamandan bashi da lokacin rayuwar kansa. Koyaya, a cikin 1791 har yanzu ya auri ɗan atan onena Augustus Eyor Von Smit. A aure Elena Elena ya haifi yara da yawa, amma daya daga cikinsu tsira ne - Ernst Magnus Agusta. Baya ga Sonan, uku wadanda ba 'yan mata guda uku ba' yan mata ba - Carolina, Anna da Katarin DELCLYINE
Ernst ya tafi cikin zangon mahaifinsa kuma ya zaɓi mahangar soji, da ya isa taken Kanik. Ernst ya yi aure sau biyu, amma bai bar 'ya'yana a cikin kowane auruwan ba - Barclay ya ƙare akan shi.
Mutuwa
A cikin 1812, Mikhail Bogdanovich ya bar matsayin Ministan soja, ba tare da godiya ga yakin tare da Faransa ta yi nasara da sojojinsa ba su yi nasara da sojojinsa. Wani mai zazzagewa mai zazzabi ya tafi zuwa ga Generic Manor don inganta lafiyar. Duk yadda yake tare da la'anar mutane da raini mutane.
Koyaya, ba da daɗewa ba bayan murmurewa Mikhail Bogdanovich, sun sake kiranta a hannun sojoji, inda ya samu nasarar jagorantar raka'a mutum a kamfen na kasashen waje, wanda aka ba da izinin taken. Jeto na dangin shine kalmomin "aminci da haƙuri", da kuma haƙuri na makamai banƙanta da amincin mulkin soja da aminci ga sarki.
A cikin hunturu na 1818, Barclay ya ji wata hanyar kiwon lafiya kuma ya nemi izinin neman magani a Jamus 14, 1818. Babban tsarin Russia a cikin kasashen Baltic aka binne.
Hotunan kwamandan a kan karbukin karya da hotuna sun dogara ne da hoton da zane mai zane George Dow.
Tunani
- 1823 - Mausoleum mikhail bogdanovich Barclay de Tolly
- Monumu a kan kabarin kwamandan a Yygeves, a Squersburg, a cikin smolensk, da bendery sansanin soja
- Hoto a cikin fina-finai "Kutatuzov", "Yaki da Zaman lafiya"
- 1962 - alama tare da hoton Barclay de Toll
- 2012 - CBR Coin Neman Barclay de Toll