Tari
Louis Xii ne Sarkin Faransa da navarre daga 14 Mayu, 1610. Tarihin Faransa ya shiga sunan barkwanci "gaskiya."
An ambaci halayensa akai-akai a cikin almara, musamman a cikin ayyukan manyan marubutan marubutan, alal misali, Alexander Duma da Alfred de Vinya. Amma har ma da Faransanci da kansu sun yi imani cewa hoton Louis Xii a cikin waɗannan litattafan da aka gurbata sosai.
Yaro da matasa
Louis Xiii an haife shi ne ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1601. Mahaifinsa Heinrich na farko shi ne sarki na farko daga daular Bourbon. Mahaifiya - Maria Medichi, da farko daga Florence, 'yar babban Duke Tuscany Francesco I. An gama da aure kawai don kiyaye tasirin Faransa.
Maria Medichi, ban da Louis, ya haifi 'ya'ya biyu, amma kafin rinjaye su rayu kawai Louis Xii da ɗan'uwansa Gaston Orleans.
Louis Louis ya yi rayuwa a Castle na Saint-Germain-An-Lee, Albert De Luin ya kasance cikin tarbiyyensa - cuga na heinrich IV. Ya sanar da shi farauta, horo na karnuka, yana tsallake Falcons, yin kayan kida na kide-kide. Tuni a cikin shekaru uku, yaron ya taka leda kadan. Uwa ba ta ji wani ji na musamman ga dansa, bayanin wannan ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa ya kamata a tashe sarki nan gaba ya kamata a tashe shi da tsaftacewa da horo.
Louis ya kasance mai taurin kai. Saboda haka, har zuwa aure akan Ausna Austrian Babban kayan aiki Maryamu Medi Di ya yi bulala, kuma Henry Iv da kansa ya fivorromy mallakar iri.
A cikin 1610, Louis Debuted a Ballet na Dofina. A cikin 1615 ya shiga Madame Ballet. Kuma ga sanannen "Merleson Ballet" shi da kansa da aka tattara da kiɗa, da kuma har ma suna rawa. Ya kuma bayyana a cikin wannan ballet a cikin abubuwan da suka shafi aikin ba ni da ma'amala. Yaron yana da babban ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, yana ƙaunar sauraron tatsuniyoyi da labaru na tarihi, la'akari da taswirar yanki.
Lokacin da Louis ya yi shekara 8, mahaifinsa Heinrich ya kashe IV, kuma hukumomi sun koma Mary Medi da na Konchino. An san sarkin a matsayin girma a cikin 1614, amma bayan wannan ikon ya kasance a hannun Sarauniya ta sake.
Ba da daɗewa ba, Louis akan shawarar Luin ya yanke shawarar cire ƙarshen daga hanyarsa. An fi so mahaifiyar da aka kashe, da Medicci ke magana a kan gidan Blois, kuma Louis ta zama babban sarki. Amma yana da shekara 16 kawai, saboda haka saboda haka, a kan dokokin dokoki ta jihar, Albert de Line.
Af, Louis ya girma ta Melancholic da yaro mai raɗaɗi. Akwai gazawar Hormonal, har zuwa shekaru 23 da haihuwa bai yi girma bristles a kan fuskarsa, don haka bai yi amfani da kayan cinikin ba. Amma da ya fara girma, sai ya koyi ya tabbatar da kansa, nan da nan ya aske kan jami'ansa duka da suka yi wa barorinsa, yayin da ya yi komai a sabuwar hanyar. An yi imanin cewa ya kasance wanda ya kirkiro "gemun sarauta" tare da clina.
Jikin mai mulki
A lokacin regycy, Mary Medici a cikin fadar, Cardinal Richelieu ya bayyana. A wannan lokacin, Faransa tana raguwa. Kasar ta yi barazanar kasar da iko da iko na Turai - Spain da Austria. A farfajiyar saƙa na iya haifar da abin da ke faruwa da kwarjini.
Matashin na Louis Xiii da Richelieu ba su nemo harshe gama gari, kuma bayan kisan da mutuwar, yana maganar Cardinal a cikin Luzon. Tabbas, Louis ya lura da abubuwan gyara na tsarin shakatawa, saboda haka bayan mutuwar Alber De Lne ya koma gida Ministan ya zama ministan farko.
Babban manufofin Richelieu sune murkushe Husuunots da rage ikon nobility. Manufofin sa ba su da alaƙa da Denunciations, Spying, tungery. Amma Louis bai zama mafita mafita ba. Yawancin wakilai na Arseracracy na Faransa sun ƙare rayuwarsu a kan sikeli, da buƙatunsu don gafartawa a gaban sarki ba su amsa ba.
A cikin 1628, Sarki Louis ya ba da izini ga yaƙin soja a kan 'yan adawa na Huggenic, wanda yake a sansanin soja na La Rochelell. A cikin 1627, jirgin ruwan Ingilishi ya sauka a can. Ya jagoranci yakin mulkin soja kanta da kanta Cardinal Richelieu.
Tabbas, mutane da yawa yanke shawara na Firayim Minista Sarkin da sarki ya rufe idanunsa, a wasu tambayoyi, ba sa son fahimta kwata-kwata. Amma, a zahiri, duk al'amuran jihohi sun gudanar da Richelieu. Louis irin wannan tsaro ba dandana bane. Sau ɗaya, gunaguni game da Cardinal zuwa ga abin da ya fi so da kuma ƙaunar Marquis De Saint-Maru, ya ba da shawarar kashe shi. Amma maƙarƙashiyar da ke da wani mutum da laifin da aka yi garkuwa da nasa don mallakarsa ba shi da nasara da nasara. Sakamakon haka, Saint-Mar ya kashe. Ba da daɗewa ba, Louis ta sami labarin mutuwar mahaifiyarsa.
Wadannan lamuran bala'in ya fusata da sarki, amma babu lokacin da za mu yi zurfi cikin birgima. Kiwonsa yana hanzarta lalacewa, kazalika da yanayin siyasa a cikin kasar, kuma yana da al'amuran da yawa basu cika ba. Richelieu ya ganshi zuwa Disamba 4, 1642. Bayan mutuwarsa, Louis a karon farko samun damar gyara da nasu.
Rayuwar sirri
Tun daga 1612, Louis ya riga ya shiga tare da Anna Ausna, 'yar Sifiya sarki. Mahaifiyarsa Maria Medichi ta kula da wannan, wacce ke kokarin yin ta'addanci da Spain. Amma Louis Xii da kansa ba shi ne ga mata. A wasu kafofin, alal misali, aikin Emil mag an bayyana shi da kyau hali zuwa ga bayi-mani.
Bikin aure tare da Anna faru a cikin Nuwamba 1615. Ma'auratan sun yi matasa, don haka a jinkirta aurensu na farko har shekara biyu. Anna Austrian ya ruga zuwa Paris tare da aure mai farin ciki da rayuwa ta farin ciki, amma nan da nan ya fahimci auren da sarki ya kasance mai wanzuwa a kan wani wahala da kadaici. Louis ba a samu ba don sadarwa, koyaushe shine mashahen da aka fi son shi ga kiɗan al'umma da farauta.
Albert de Lüin ya fahimci cewa Faransa tana bukatar makiyaya, amma kwarewar ta zama marasa nasara, amma kuma masaniyar ta juya ta zama marar nasara, kuma wani Sarkin ya zama bai dace da dakin Sarauniya na wani shekaru 4 ba. Bayan wannan hutu, dare na dare har yanzu ya ba da 'ya'yan itãcen sa. Anna ya yi ciki, amma da rashin alheri, tana da ɓarna. Wannan kuma cire Louis daga Mata.
A watan May 1625, Paris ya isa tare da Ofishin diflomasiyya na Duke Beckingham. Kuma Anna ya faɗi cikin ƙauna, yana da wahala a ɓoye nasihu, yana haifar da halayen halayenta a majalisar sarauta.
A cikin 1628, Beckingham, tare da yakin neman kamfen, sauka a karkashin La Rochele, inda aka kashe shi. Anna Ausrian, da ya koya game da shi, ya kasance mai matukar bakin ciki. Amma sarki akasin haka. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan wannan labarai, ya umarci Anna damar shiga cikin wasan kusa da Kotun da aka samu kuma sun sami jin daɗin wahalar tunanin ta.
A wannan lokacin, Sarkin Lauis yana bayyana sabon abin da aka fi so - Francois de Barra. Shekaru shida, saurayin mata mai ban tsoro "a cikin kyaftin na gidan burbones. Amma saurayin ya kasance mai saurin fushi da ba a faɗi ba, don haka ba da daɗewa ba ya faɗi cikin ƙauna tare da Frealina Sarauniya, kuma an kori sarki.
A cikin jerin fare, masoyana da abubuwan da aka fi so, da yawa suna tsammani cewa ƙungiyar sarki da sarauniya Ausna ta haifi ɗa, Louis XIV, Sarki Rana ". A cikin 1640, ɗansu na biyu da aka haife - Filibbus i Orleans.
Mutuwa
A cikin Maris 1643, sarki Louis Xii ya fara shan cutar da ciki. Hare-hare marasa iyaka ne na amai, a madadin da zawo. Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mai rauni sosai cewa bai ma fita waje ba.
An ba da izinin Sarauniyar Sarauniyar a kan gadon da matarsa. A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 1643, sarki ya mutu. Shekara da rabi, aka binne shi a kabarin Suly-Denis kusa da mahaifiyarsa.
Tunani
- 1610 - Hoto "hoton Louis Xiii", France Junior
- 1624 - Ziyarci "Haihuwar Louis Xiii", Peter Piel Rubens
- 1625 - Hoto "Louis Xii", Peter Piel Rubens
- 1639 - Zane-zanen "Babban hoton sarki Louis XIIS", Jampip de shampen
- 1824 - Zanewar "Ven Louis Xiii", Jean Autugte Dominic Engr
- 1974 - littafin "nishadi. Louis kwaya ta goma sha uku ", Tallamander de da'irar
- 2001 - Faransa na Faransa "Allasi na Louis Xii", Shishkin V. V.
- 2002 - Littafin "Rayuwa ta LOUIS a cikin Epouch Xiii Xiii", Emil Mag