Tari
Marubucin marubuci Ivan Goncharov ya haifar da litattafai uku. Waɗannan su ne waɗanda suka kawo littafin marubucin kalmar. Abin lura ne cewa sunayen littattafai ukun fara tare da haruffa "OB".
An haifi Classic nan gaba mai zuwa a lokacin rani, 6 ga Yuni, 1812, a Simbirsk. Iyalin sun riga sun tayar da babban ɗan ɗan Nikolai. Iyayen yaran - Alexander Ivanovich da Matar Mata na Avdota - suna cikin aji na dan kasuwa. Bayan 'yan shekaru bayan haihuwar Ivan,' ya'ya mata biyu sun bayyana a cikin dangin Poon. Goncharov tare da dumama ya sake ambaton yara a cikin rubutun autoographic.
Lokacin da yaron ya kasance shekara bakwai, mahaifin Alexander Ivanovich ya shuɗe. Sai Nikolay Nikolayevic Tregububov ya ɗauki tarbiyyar ɗan Ivan. Ya maye gurbin mahaifin Ivan. Kuma ko da yake dangi sun rasa abin burodin, Avdoti Matveyevna suna da isasshen kuɗi ne ba keta da samuwar yara.
Malami na farko ga yaron ya kasance Tregubov. Daga nan aka aika da Ivan zuwa fansho mai zaman kansa. Yana da shekaru goma na shekaru goma, an tura yaron zuwa makarantar inda ɗan'uwa ya riga ya kasance. A nan Goncharov ya zauna zuwa shekaru goma sha takwas, kodayake ba ni son marubucin nan na gaba. Sunan Ivan Alexandrovich ya saba damuwa da "Red Board". A waɗancan shekarun, samarin sun farka da ƙauna ga adabi da rubutu. Ya biya littattafai da yawa.
Misali ga kwaikwayon Goncharov dauke da mawakacin Alexander Sergeevich Sterkin. Littafin labari "Evgeny Daya" ya zama ga Ivan wani ainihin wahayi ne. Taimaka wa Puingkin, marubucin ya je tsawon rayuwa. Wata rana, Goncharov ya yi sa'ar ganin gunkin. Taron ya bar tunawa da bakan gizo.
A cikin 1830, an cire Goncharov daga cikin jerin kwamitin a bukatar mahaifiyar. Kasuwancin da ya fi so ya haifar da mahimmancin mahaliccin zuwa ga sha'awar samun ilimi a Jami'ar Moscow. A cikin 1831, Ivan Alexandrovich ya wuce jarrabawar shiga kuma ya zama dalibi na jami'a. Shekaru uku a cikin ganuwar cibiyar sun kawo gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga tunanin tarihin marubucin. A wani lokaci, Mikhail Lermontov, Konstantin Aksakov, Vissarion Belinsky, Ivan Turgenev ya karbi a jami'a a lokaci guda tare da saurayi a jami'a.
A cikin shekara ta 1834, karatu ya koma, da goncharov ya tafi simbirsk don ganin mahaifiyar da mata. Saurayi ko da a lokacin karatunsa ya yanke shawarar cewa ba zai ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin garinsa mai ban sha'awa. Marubucin ya jawo hankalin rayuwar metropolitan. Amma bayan zuwan cikin asalin asalin ƙasar Penate, Ivan Alexandrovich ya miƙa matsayin sakatare. Yana tunani da yarda.
Koyaya, aikin yana da matukar ban sha'awa cewa bayan watanni goma sha ɗaya na goncharov ya tafi St. Petersburg, inda ya samu fassarar rubutu daga harsunan waje. An juya karar da ba a yarda da shi ba kuma a bar lokaci don rubutu. Sai goncharov ya shiga gidan Nikolaipich Majkova. Ya koya wa 'ya'yan lardin Latin da kuma littattafan Rashanci. Miken Estate an dauki tsakiyar al'adu na Arewa Palmyra. Anan Ivan Alexandrovich ya shiga cikin duniyar Hemia.
Litattafai
A cikin 1838, goncharov ya kirkiro "Lychyaya juyin mulkin". Bayan shekara guda, aikin na biyu na mahalicci ya bayyana - "kuskure mai farin ciki". Dukkanin labaran sun shiga rubutun Almancries "wata daren wata" da "Sanddrop", wanda aka buga a dangin Maikov. Sa hannu na goncharov baya tsaye a ƙarƙashin ayyukan. Bugu ya zo ba da sani ba.
A tsawon lokaci, aikin marubucin yana samun lokacinta. Ya sadu da Belinsky, ya ziyarci gidan marubuta. A cikin 1846, marubucin novice ya karanta zargi game da "labarin talakawa", daga abin da ya kasance mai farin ciki. A shekarar 1847, an buga aikin a cikin "na zamani".
Bayyanar Belininkky a cikin rayuwar goncharov sosai rinjayi na ƙarshe. A cikin "bayanin kula akan Belinsky", marubucin tare da dumi ya tuntubi majalisarku da tukwici na zargi. Amma ba su zama abokan gaba ba. Goncharov yayi shakka ya kula da hobby na ikirarin Juyin juya Juyin juya Juyin juya, da kuma sukar da martani da ake kira marubucin da akasin.
A cikin 1848, a cikin mujallar "Sovremeennik" ya fito da rubutun "Ivan Savvich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabrich Pzhabric Pzhabrin".
Shekaru hudu bayan haka, Goncharov ya tafi Japan tare da Admimy Efimy Vaslilavich Putyathin a kan Fregate "Pallada" a matsayin sakatare. Wutar ta kwashe shekaru biyu da rabi kuma aka katse saboda farkon yakin yaki.
A lokacin kewayawa, marubucin ya jagoranci cikakken bayanan da suka dogara da littafin "Pallada Ruwa". Tsarin cat na Cat ya ga haske a cikin 1858 kuma ya zama sabon sabon abu a cikin da'irar rubutu. Masu karatu sun fahimci littafi a matsayin taga ga sabon duniyar da ba ta dace ba, wacce matafiyi ta fada.
Komawa daga iyo, goncharov ba da daɗewa ba ya bar aiki. Marubucin ya ba da matsayi naawa a cikin jaridar Arewa Mail, kuma ya yarda. A cikin 1859, sanannen "matakala" ya fito, bayan da ya sami babban nasara. An duba littafin Falsafa. Ba da daɗewa ba kalmar "" obbomovshchina "ya bayyana a cikin mutane.
A shekarar 1862, marubucin ya zama marubucin Atarewa. A cikin 1865, ya shiga membobinsu a cikin Arts Arts, kuma a cikin 1867 ya yi ritaya tare da matsayin babban. Marubucin ya yarda irin wannan shawarar, saboda matsalar ta kange aikin.
A cikin 1869, ya kammala littafin na uku "Obrax". Sama da na karshe kwakwalwar goncharov ya yi aiki shekaru ashirin, amma littafin bai samu nasara tare da masu karatu ba. Bayan ya gama "buɗe", mahalicci ya nuna a cikin dabarun da ya haifar da shi. A cikin ayyuka uku na goncharov, matakan da suka faru na ci gaban Rasha ya faru. Ba tare da littafi na ƙarshe ba, gano hanyar marubucin ba zai zama mai haske ba.
Rayuwar sirri
Rayuwar rayuwar sirri ta kasa. Bai taba yin aure ba kuma bai san farin ciki na amsa ba. Na dogon lokaci Goncharov yana ƙaunar Yedmutov Dromievna, Niece Evgen Petrovna Makova. Amma yarinyar ta kunna kansa a aure tare da wani mutum.
A cikin 1855, marubucin ya mamaye sabon ji. Ya hadu da Elizabeth Vasilyevna Tolstoy, kusa da gidan Mikey. Sakon marubucin ya iya la'akari da tsarin halittar lyrical halittun, sosai soyayya da baƙin ciki a cikinsu. Amma a cikin 1857 an hade shi da aure tare da Alexey Ivanovich Magain-Mushingkin. Wannan ya karya marubucin zuci.
Goncharov ya kasance abokai tare da Ivan Sergeevich Turgenevich turgenev. Amma bayan a cikin 1860, Goncharov ya karanta layi daga "Goncuf" a cikin tsarin turgenev, an yanke dangantakar manyan marubutan. Ivan Alexandrovich harbe haddar da turgenev ga duel, amma sannan tsoffin abokai sun kasance dissuading daga wannan kamfani.
Mutuwa
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwar marubucin ya ci bacin rai. Ya ji kadaici da rashin taimako. A wani lokaci ina so in zauna a sabon labari, amma na jefa shi, saboda na kasance a hankali. Goncharov ya ci gaba da samar da labarai masu mahimmanci ga littattafai.
A ranar 12 ga Satumba, 1891, marubucin yayi sanyi. Cutar ta ci gaba cikin sauri kuma bayan kwana uku wurin marubucin ya mutu sakamakon huhu. Gagaggen Ivan Alexandrovich ya batar da gidan bawan.
A cikin girmamawa ga classic, tituna a Moscow, Penza, Saransk, Cheboksary, masu simferopol da sauran biranen suna. A Ulyanovsk da Dimitrovgrad, an sanya marubucin a kan gumakai, da kuma plaque pavorial an shigar a cikin Mariansk-Lazne. Sunan mai sukar ana kiransa kayan tarihi, murabba'i, ɗakin karatu, wasan kwaikwayo da hutu. Premium akan wallafe-wallafen mai suna bayan an kafa Goncharov.
A cikin 2012, an saki tsabar kudin tare da hoton Goncharov don girmama ranar shekara ta 200 da marubucin. Circulation ya kasance kofe 5,000.
A cikin 2012, an buga manga a ƙarƙashin sunan "manyan tukwane." Daya daga cikin jaruma na mai ban dariya shi ne sunan Ivan Goncharov. A cikin hoto ana nuna halayen tare da dogon gashi mai dogon gashi, kunkuntar idanu, hanci mai ƙanshi da babban bakin. Saman kai ya rufe bandeji. Ivan yana da "bude" Super Supervisory.
Littafi daya
- 1838 - "Lyhai juyin mulkin"
- 1839 - "Rashin farin ciki"
- 1842 - "Ivan Savvich Podzharlin"
- 1846 - "Tarihin Tarihi"
- 1858 - "Fregat" Pallalada "
- 1859 - "obbomov"
- 1869 - "Bude"
- 1872 - "Miliyan Torzani"
- 1874 - "Notes akan halayen Belinsky"
- 1875 - "sake" Hamlet "a cikin yanayin Rasha"
- 1891 - "Juyawar rabo"