Tari
Alexey Orlov - ƙaramin ɗan'uwan Grigoria Orlova oraturke (Furitaita Catarina II), mai goyon bayan mashahurin juyin mulkin na jihar na 1762. An danganta shi har ma da kisan tsohon sarki na III. Tare da hannun mai haske, Alexey Grigorievich Rasha ya sami irin na musamman na dawakai - an Orlovsky Rysak. Mutumin ya kuma ba da ƙasar wani labari mai haske.Yaro da matasa
Abokin tarayya na gaba na elfress ne mai girman kai daga dangin kirki. An haifi Alexey Grigorovich na Alexa 24 Satumba) a cikin ƙauyen Lutkino (lardin tver). Mahaifin, maigidan nasa, shekara 10 bayan haihuwar ALYOsha, ya ɗauki shafin Gwamnan Novgorod.
A cikin iyali, Alexey - ɗan ukun da uku, an rarrabe ta da lafiya ta Bogatatlish, halaye na kasuwanci da ƙarfi, ƙarfin hali da ƙarfi. Bayani game da tarihin rayuwar farko na mutumin tarihi yana da karfin gaske. 'Yan'uwan da aka kira masa Alekhan. Matashin bai samu ilimi da tarbiyya ba, ko da ba ma harsunan kasashen waje, a nan gaba, mummunan halaye sun firgita a cikin da'awar kotu.
Duk da haka, gaggafa suna da nauyin ƙwayoyin cuta, a cikin zuriya, tana da matukar sha'awar kimiyya da kuma denis fonvizina rousseau. An sani cewa saurayin ya yi nazarin kimiyyar da shari'ar sojan ruwa a ginin soja, kuma sabis ɗin ya fara ne a cikin binciken na soja a cikin preobrazensy regiment.
Siyasa da sabis na soja
By 1762, Alexey Grigorievich Doros zuwa Sergeant na yankin preobrazensky. A wannan lokacin, 'yan orlov' yan uwana - Alexey, Grigory da Fedor - an riga an daidaita su a cikin birni na Metin da ƙarfi da ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Ba za a iya yuwuwar cewa matasa za su fada cikin jerin tarihin tarihin da ga magaji zuwa ga kursiyin ba, Ekaterina Alekseeevna.
Yana shiga wurin da yake da wuya matsayin a matsayin mai wuya na gaba, Orkov ya fara kamfen a cikin jama'ar masu tsaron gida, sannan kuma ya sanya hannu kan babbar matsalar soja. Jagoran Kungiyar kuma ya zama mai jini-jini mai sanyi da kuma mai aiki Orlov, wanda ya sami damar kula da ra'ayoyi game da juyin mulkin jihar har zuwa karshen.
Alexey Grigorivich kai wanda ya halarci kan canjin mulki. Wani mutum da kansa ya bi Bitrus III, wanda yake a cikin karusar a cikin Rophu, ya tsare shi a nan, sannan ya cire sabuntawar daga kursiyin daga mai mulki. Mutuwar Peter suma yana zargin Orlov, amma nazarin rayuwar shirin suna da tabbacin cewa wannan kawai jita-jita ne, wasiƙar da aka tuba, ana kiranta harafin Alexei Tsarice.
Bayan juyin mulkin, Alexey, tare da tsofaffin dangi, ya kare. Mawakin ya rushe ta hanyar Mulkin Jarida - taken Alexandersky, da kuma umarnin Alexander Nevsky, ƙari ga rayuka kusan dubu 8,000, da ƙauyen mutum dubu 8 da kansu, da kuma ƙauyukan Obolensky, wanda ya yi farin ciki da 'yan'uwa ukun ukun.
Nan gaba, Orlov ya taka rawar gani a harkokin jihar, yi da yawa daga cikin umarnin Sarauniya. Musamman ma ya bambanta kansa yayin yaƙi da Turkiyya - Alexey ya sami kansa a cikin ƙarshen abubuwan da ake kira na farko da aka kira na farko, sannan ya shugabanci dakaru na jirgin Rasha.
A cikin Chesmesky ya kafa tsarin "wasan zanga-zanga", Sterling The Baturke Jirgin Raki. An yi nasara a cikin Rasha da iyawar Turkawa, a cikin mutuwar da aka kera Turkawa, da lambar yabo ta kulla, Chesersky Orelisk da fadar ta bayyana a taswirar babban birnin. Tattoy Grigorievich, wanda ya karɓi umarnin George na St. George da taken zane-zane, na so ya ɗauki sunan danshi na biyu - Chesmeskeske.
Kidaya Orlov ya gwada wani muhimmin abu wanda aka aminta da shi. A cikin 1775, an sanar da wani mai nema a kan gadon sarautar Rasha na Gimbiya Terakanova, wanda ya sanar da kan Konin Elizabet Petrovna. Ekaterina II ya umurci Alexey zuwa tafki a cikin mai farfado mai kamawar zuciya da isar da shi daga Turai zuwa daular Rasha.
Eagles a wannan aikin ya nuna duk kwarewar Suduch da soyayya, tana nuna jin daɗin ƙaunarta har ma suna ba da shugabanni da zuciya da zuciya. Biki sosai tare da aikin, wato, da ya kama kamewar shugabanni, jadawalin zane a cikin wannan shekara a shuru a cikin shuru cikin shuru cikin shuru cikin shuru a hankali ya yi.
Bayan rasuwar Catherine, Pavel na ɗauka zuwa kursiyin ya kwashe ritaya, da kuma ja-gora na ƙidaya Rasha. Dawo kawai bayan Alexander i a cikin 1801. Bayan shekaru 6, Alexey Grigorievich zai shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe da ya shafi ƙarshe na duniyar Tilzite, amma ba a ƙaddara manufar ta zama cikin zaman lafiya ba - ba da daɗewa ba ƙidaya ya shuɗe.
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin 1782, da farin ciki na dangi, Orlov ya yanke shawarar yin aure. Babban shugaban Evdokia Lopukhina ya zama zababbun - yarinyar ta kasance shekara 21, yayin da Alexey Grigorivich ya yi bikin cika shekaru 48. A cewar wasu masana tarihi, farkawar da ta auri Ekaterina Demidov ya bayyana ya zauna.
Ya nan da nan sanar da empress a kan mai zuwa bikin aure na Orlov, da kuma Catherine taya nasa rubuce rubuce-rubuce ta kansa rubuce rubuce-rubuce, fata "duk farin ciki da walwala." A lush bikin aure tsawa ga dukkan Moscow ga dama, kwanaki a jere. Duk da haka, rayuwar iyali ya kasance short-rayu: Evdokia Nikolaevna mutu a haihuwa na biyu yaro, da barin Orlov bazawar da ta mazan 'yar Anna a hannunsa (da jariri dan mutu tare da mahaifiyarsa).
A count kawo wani dan illegitimately a 1763 by Alexander Chesmensky. Catherine II yarda ya protege kula da zuriya: Alexey Grigorievich ya Sasha mai ban mamaki da ilimi da kuma tarbiyyar.
A nan gaba, Alexander Chesmesky zama Manjo Janar, ya halarci yaki da Kostyutko. Kuma 'yar Anna shiga kotu Freillia, ki aure da kuma buga da addini, amma bai bar sarauta yadi.
Bayan murabus a 1775, da count tafi Moscow da kuma duqufar da lokaci zuwa da ƙaunataccen ayyuka - waddan karnuka, da dawakai, wanda ya kawo daga kasashen waje. Yana da aka bayyana ta da sihiri jinsi, kai-fare. Kamar yadda wani ba ƙasashe na Voronezh lardin, Alexey Grigorievich gina wani Krenovskaya factory, inda ta kawo Oryol Rysakov shahara a duk duniya da kuma Rasha doki.
Bugu da kari ga dawakai, Orlovskiy Canary, Orlovsky yaƙi geese kuma ko da Orlovian akwatin gidan tattabarai sun shahara. Kuma daga Farisa Alexey Grigorievich kawo chic Gilyandovsky kaji. Har ila yau, Count Orlov gabatar Moscow na farko Gypsy ƙungiyar mawaƙa kawo Rasha daga Moldova. Wannan ɗakin sujada zamo farkon wata sana'a Gypsy yi.
Mutuwa
Kafin mutuwarsa, tsofaffi da rini jadawali aka sosai azaba. A cewar Legends, don haka kamar yadda ba su ji kururuwarta, da ya yi umurni da gida ƙungiyar makaɗa yi wasa 'yan kwanaki a jere. The labari cewa Alexey Grigorievich, a mutuwa, da sauri ya tashi a kusa da gundumar, da kuma mutane daban-daban azuzuwan kai Estate.
An ce, ya aka ƙaunar da sansanin soja manoma - wani mutum ko da yaushe bi da su da kyau, don haka, a tsaye a gaban ƙofar garin, mai sauki mutane kira. A kan Kirsimeti Hauwa'u 1807, Eagles-Chesmers mutu.
A jadawali aka binne shi a Yuriev sufi, inda ƙura sa a kusa da saura na 60, 'yan'uwa. A 1896, da Eagle ta ƙura kasance a kan ƙasashen da Generic estate.
Tunani
- A 1995, wani abin tunawa ga soja shugaban da kuma zabin da Alexey Orlov Chesmensky da aka gina a Voronezh.
- A shekara ta 2004, wani abin tunawa ga Eaglov ƙidaya bayyana a cikin Greek Island Lemnos a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin da kwãnukan Rasha-Greek Friendship.
- A Tsakiya Sojan Ruwa Library (St. Petersburg) adana tarin littattafai Alexei Orlova. A wallafe da launin ruwan kasa fata dauri da zinariya embossed alama ta Gao monogram karkashin County Crown.