Tari
Vitus Ionasen Bererer yana daya daga cikin binciken, wanda rayuwarsa ta zama alama ce ta ƙarfin hali da kwazo. Daga matasa shekaru na matafiyin da ke burge shi. Godiya ga ƙishirwa da fasaha na maza, balaguron balaguro ya faru, wanda ya kawo taken "shimfiɗar katako" ga jihar Rasha.Yaro da matasa
Tarihin tarihin babban Maritanner ya fara ne a cikin garin dawakai, dangane da ƙwararrun Danish na ƙaramin. Yaron da aka haife shi ne ranar 2 ga Agusta (a cewar tsohon salon - Agusta 12) 1861. Vitus ya zama laifi na uku a cikin dangin ta lalata Atna Pedderrat na Anna Peddertter Bering da kuma ma'aikacin kwastan na Ionas Svendsen.
Kuma sunan, da sunan yaron da aka karɓa daga mahaifiyar. Duk da hadaddun halin da ake ciki na dangi, Peengree okin Peddertaatter na iya buga kyakkyawan sabis don Vitus a nan gaba.
Sunan da ba a saba da shi ba ne a kan ambaton ɗan'uwana na mahaifiyar, wanda ya zama sananne ga hidimar a kotun sarki. Cikakken daidaituwa na sunan shine dalilin da yasa zamani ke da dalilin da ya sa na gaba game da navitator ta hanyar dubawa ta hanyar da ba daidai ba ne dangi, dangi na mamaki.
Iyaye sun haɗa mahimmancin yara, haka hakorin ya kware fassarar difloma da rubutu. Yaron ya ziyarci makarantar, wanda yake a kan wannan titin, inda gidan ya kasance. Duk da son sani, yaro a farkon damar ya gudu daga darussa don zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa. Vitus ya kwashe lokaci mai yawa don tattaunawa da masu jirgin ruwa waɗanda suka gaya wa dabbobi game da abubuwan ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa.
Yana da shekara 14, nan da nan bayan kammala karatun, vitus ya rubuta wasiƙar jirgin ruwa zuwa jirgin Holland. Matashin matafiya ya ziyarci tsibirin Caribbean kuma ya kwashe lokaci mai yawa a cikin Ost India. Gane cewa babu isasshen ilimin don gina sana'a, bitus ya tafi bakin ciki a Amsterdam, inda ta sauƙaƙe shiga Cadet Corps.
Gano
Kammala na binciken da ke da biring ya yi daidai da sha'awar Bitrus na farkon zuwa ci gaban ma'aikaciyar Marine. Agents, wanda aikinsa ya shiga cikin daukar ma'aikata na kasashen waje, nan da nan ya jawo hankalin Vitus, wanda ya musulunta hali da kuma bayyanar teku.
A cikin 1704, Abincer ya koma Rasha, inda ya koma cikin sauri ta hanyar aiki. Amma bayan hidimar shekara 20 ne kawai ta hanyar halaye masu kyau da lambobin yabo, mai sukar navitator ya yi murabus. Masana tarihi suna jayayya cewa girmankan da ke cikin kereriya ne. Mutumin bai karɓi taken daraja na daraja na 1 ba, game da abin da mai ƙarfin jirgin sama ya daɗe yana mafarkin.
Binciken yanki wanda sunan mahaifi na Bitus ya faru, a lokacin balaguron Kamchatka. A cikin 1724, ta hanyar Bitrus na farko jirgin ruwan Rashan ya ci gaba da bincike game da sabbin ƙasashe. Kwararren masani ne wanda zai jimre wa irin wannan mawuyacin aiki ya juya waje.
Shekaru biyar, wani mutum ya bincika kuma ya gyara bankunan Chukero da Kamchatka akan taswira. Fa'idodin Abincin ya hada da sake fasalin dasuwa da Amurka ta haɗa da Asiya, da Kamchatka ba ta da matsala tare da Japan. Alas, irin wannan sakamako mai ban sha'awa na balaguron bai sami kulawa sosai ba a cikin ban mamaki.
Jami'ai sun yanke shawarar bering bai tabbatar da bege ba kuma aikata mugunta da umarnin sarki. Duk mahimmancin binciken Verus ya tabbatar da James Cook, wanda ya sani da mai ɗaukar Masa a cikin 1778. Aikin Ingilishi mai ban sha'awa na Ingilishi da ake kira Strist tsakanin Eurasia da Amurka na girmamawa ga mai duba, wanda bai san kaina da hannu ba.
Tekun Kamchatka na biyu ya riga ya tattara a kan yunƙurin Bitus kansa, da amincewa da bukatar yin nazarin Siberiya, Gabas da tekun Kogin arewacin Tekun Arewa. A wannan karon labarin nazarin da ayyukan da aka saita a gaban rundunar motoci sun fi tsayi. Saboda haka, Rerer ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da balaguron a jiragen ruwa biyu.
Umurnin jirgin sama na biyu an danƙa shi zuwa Alexey Chirikov. Mutumin da aka yi aikin mataimakin kyaftin a cikin balaguron farko da farko kuma ya sami tabbataccen ƙarfin da ke faruwa. Shirye-shiryen masu binciken su nazarin Siberiya, isa zuwa Kamchatka kuma suna kewayawa zuwa gaɓar arewacin Arewacin Amurka don sanin kansu daki-daki.
Rayuwar sirri
A lokacin balaguron Kamchatka na biyu, bitus rerus yana tare da matar da yara. Komawa a cikin 1713, mai binciken mai binciken da 'yar dan kasuwa daga Vyborg - Anna Christina Pulse.
Da farko, samari matayen suna kwance ƙaunataccen ƙaunataccen a cikin balaguron teku. Matar da kanta ta tsunduma cikin tattalin arziki kuma ta tayar da yara.
A cikin shekaru 18 na mutum na farko, jarirai huɗu sun mutu, kuma hudu ne kawai suka tsira: Jonas, THOMAS, Anton da Anna Helga.
A lokacin da 'yarsa, Anna Christine ta gaji da rashin lafiyarta. Barin Jonu da THOMA a kan kula da dangi daga Vybborg, matar ta tara Anton da Anna, sun yi tafiya tare da mijinta.
Mutuwa
Lokacin da barin Avachin Bay zuwa Arewacin Amurka, jirgin "Saint Bitrus", wanda ke jagorantar halittarsa, an rasa a cikin teku. Rashin mummunan yanayi bai ba da damar sanin wurin da jirgin ruwa ba, kuma Qing ya fara lalata matukan jirgin ruwa.
Daya daga cikin mara dadi haihuwa haila da bering. Ko da jin rauni, mai binciken bai bar gudanarwar jirgin ba. Tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da izini na ƙasa mai dusar ƙanƙara a sararin samaniya ya zama bege don ceto.
Amma a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 1741, wata daya bayan tashi zuwa gaci, bitus da ke zaune a karshe sun rasa karfin gwiwa kuma ya mutu sakamakon dugout. An binne mutum a tsibirin da ba a san shi ba, wanda a nan gaba ya nuna a taswirar a matsayin tsibirin Bering.
A cikin 1991, ƙungiyar archaeologolic na musamman sun gano ragowar Vitus. Binciken Cikakken binciken ya yi zai iya yanke hukuncin cewa cutar da ba a san shi ba ta haifar da mutuwar matafiyi, ba kamar halaye a kan zing ba.
A cewar Olga Sotnikova, Pravoda Mattrosrovi satnikov, wanda ya yi tafiya a ƙarƙashin umarnin Berring, babban matafiyi ya mutu a ƙasƙantar da kansa. Saboda rushewar juyayi, wanda ya sa ƙungiyar dabaru da yawa, da "Peter" ta kasance a tsibirin da ba a daɗe ba, inda bai iya samun abinci da mafaka ba.
Ma'aikatan masu firgita suka binne su a cikin ƙasa. Amma nazarin kwarangwal na dala bai tabbatar da ka'idar ba. A cikin 1992, ragowar masu binciken da ba a sani ba a mayar da su zuwa ƙasar a yankin Bamumin.
Tunani
- A cikin 1818, Kamchato (ko Bobrovaya) an fara maganar bering.
- A cikin 1937, Eric Khulten ya ba da shawarar ƙirar kwari, wanda ya haɗa da hanya mai zurfi, ƙwayar ƙwayar kwari, wani ɓangare na Kamchatka da ɓangare Alaska.
- A shekara ta 1945, wani abin tunawa a cikin mai binciken a cikin petropavlovsk-kamchatsy, ya kafa garin.
- A cikin 1957, a cikin Bering Tekar Bayir cikin girmama matafiyin, ƙauyen "beeringovsky" aka sa masa suna. Kafin wannan, ana kiran sasantawa "kwal".
- A shekara ta 1970, hoto na Darektan Darakta Yuri Newsero "Ballad a kan Bering da abokansa" an buga shi a kan allo.
- A shekara ta 2006, da Kamchatka na jihar Kamchatka na Kamchatka na Kamchatka na Kamchatka na ba da umarnin a umurce ministan ilimi na Ilimi na Ilimi da aka sake suna Camga mai suna bayan bitus berus.
- A shekara ta 2016, a girmama shekaru 275 da bude na tsibirin kwamandan, sabon salon jikin da aka kafa. Alamar tana kan yankin da ke cikin tsibirin da ke kusa da tsibiran dabbobi (ƙauyen Nikolskaya).