Tari
Ishaku Ilyich Levitan ya shahara sosai don ikon sa waƙar yanayin Rasha. Domin rai, cike da hare-hare kuma ya fadi, zane-zane bai sami matarsa da yaran ba. Duk lokacin da aka saki wani mutum sadaukarwa, barin zuriyar zane-zane, cikakken sihiri na koguna, gandun daji da wuraren da aka yi.Yaro da matasa
Ka'idar tarihin Lawiyawa ta samo asali ne daga ƙaramin tsari na Lithuania, wanda ke kusa da tashar jirgin ƙasa na Kibard. Yaron, an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Agusta (30 ga Agusta), 1860, ya zama ɗan ukun zuriyar Yahudanci mai shiga. Mahaifin Ishaku, wanda ya kware da Jamus da Faransa da kanta, ya ba da darussan da aiki a matsayin mai sarrafawa a tashar.
Saboda rashin rashin ra'ayoyi, dangin Levitan ta motsa Moscow. Duk da matsalolin kuɗi, iyaye suna ba da damar babban ɗan'uwan Ishaku don shigar da makarantar zanen zane, magudanar ruwa da gine-gine. Junior Levitan, wanda kuma yana sha'awar a hobbian'uwana, yana ciyar da lokaci mai yawa, kallon aikin shahararrun masu fasaha-malamai.
Bayan an cimma shekara 13 da haihuwa, saurayin ya shiga makarantar guda. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, mahaifiyar ta mutu. Bayan wani shekaru 2, bayan ƙaunataccen, babban levitan yana fita daga rayuwa. Bayan ya bar marayu, samari ba su daina binciken zanen ba.
Makomar ɗan saurayi mai kyau na nan ya damu malamai waɗanda suka lura da batun maganar Ishaku. Ma'aikatan koyarwa sun goge fa'idodin kuɗi don Levitan, an ba abokan karatun shiga cikin goge goge da zane.
Tuni dalibin makarantar da aka fahimci cewa ya fi son ƙirƙirar a cikin wuraren shimfidar wuri. A ɗaya daga cikin nune-nune masu nidarfin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun, tsarin sabon ɗan kwararru ya lura da ɗan zane. Patron ta samo hoton "ranar kaka. Sokolniki. "
Zane
Hankalin Tretyakov yana nuna darajar kansa na Levitan a cikin idanunsa, amma bai inganta matsayin kuɗi na saurayin saurayi ba. Don ciyar, Isaur yana zana zane-zane na mako-mako. Lokaci kyauta, masu zane-zane suna aiki don rai.
Tsarin mallaka, wanda ke nuna shi ta hanyar binciken cikakkun bayanai, Levitan ƙarshe ya ƙware ta 1880. A shekara ta 1884, aikin abokan aiki ne. Ishaku ya dauki bangaren nunin zane na wayar hannu. A lokaci guda, Ishaku ya saukad da karatunsa ba tare da kammala karatun ba kuma ba karbar taken "Class Artist".
Duk da nasarar da ya cancanci, ba a bambanta yanayin jihar Levitan da kwanciyar hankali. A cikin 1885, ɗan zane yana tafiya cikin kashin Kiselev, don jin jinin kashe kansa. Taimako na musamman da taimako ga Ishaku ya samo asali ne a cikin dangin Chekhov, tare da mambobin wadanda suka hadu dasu.
Wani yanki na dabam a cikin aikin mai zane yana alama ta hanyar tafiye-tafiye zuwa Volga. A bankunan Kogin Levitan sake jin soyayya don rayuwa. Ayyukan da Ishaku suka kirkira a wannan lokacin ya bambanta ta wannan yanayin farin ciki. Rufe artist ya bayyana cewa murmushin ya bayyana akan gwanayen. Bayan ziyarar zamansa, Levitan ya kirkiro "a kan Volga" wanda aka bayar da kyautar ta karɓi gasa ta masoya ta Art.
Ishaku ya kirkiro mafi kyawun ayyukansu a cikin bitar, wanda mai fasaha ya samar da mai zane Sergey Timofeevich Morozv. Darajarta game da ayyukan Levitan tuni ta yada a Moscow, don haka ikon kuɗi na rayuwar mutumin ya daina ɗaukar hali mai ban tsoro.
Echoes na Falsafa sun bayyana a cikin aikin jin daɗin farin ciki. Wani mutum wanda ya yi tunanin matsayin mutum a duniya, musamman ya nuna haske game da nasa hankula a hoto "akan yankin mai ƙonewa". A cikin bayanan mutum, Levitan ya yi jayayya cewa ya kashe kansa a cikin zane.
Shekaru 10 masu zuwa na Ishaku yana ciyar da tafiya a duniya. Izinin gwaje-gwajen, mai tallan yana rasa burin magoya baya. Hotuna "Lake Como", "A arewacin Italiya" da "tekun na Bahar Rum" Kada kuji daɗin samarwa. Mawaki sake sake gudana cikin hannun hannu saboda sake dubawa mara dadi.
Tufafin tunani suna da ƙarfi ta hanyar jiki. Matsaloli a rayuwa na sirri sune dalilin yin ƙoƙari na biyu, iri ɗaya marasa nasara kamar wanda ya gabata. Kwarewa da aka kirkira ta hanyar wahayi, kuma a cikin 1895, a cikin kadai na Lotan ƙirƙirar Marta. Landscape na rayuwa ya fanshi mai sha'awar Addirefar Ishaku Ishaku na Ishaku Pabtyakov.
Tashi a cikin kirkirar sake yana ba da raɗaɗi mai raɗaɗi don ƙirƙirar. A cikin "manya", wanda ya gabata, yayin da Isaak, wanda ya zauna a gidan ƙaunataccen ƙaunataccen, ya bayyana a kan hasken "gwal na zinariya", yana nuna kwararar rafin. A cikin wannan jihar, mai zane yana jawo "bazara. Babban ruwa ", wanda aka yi a canjin shuɗi, rawaya da kore inuwa.
A cikin 1898, an naɗa Levitan shugaban bitar a cikin makarantar, wanda Artist bai gama ba a lokaci ɗaya. A cikin hotunan levitan na wannan lokacin, burbushi na rashin lafiya an riga an lura da shi, amma mai zane ba ya rage sauri kuma har yanzu yana gudanar da yawancin ranar a cikin bita.
Rayuwar sirri
Loveaunar farko ta Levitan ta zama mai kyau Maria Chekhov - yar uwar sa sanannen sanannen marubuci. Yin ziyartar aboki a ƙauyen Babkino, mai zane ya nuna wa budurwa wacce take da sha'awar zanen. Sau ɗaya, ta hanyar karfin gwiwa, Levitan shigar da Maryamu cikin soyayya, amma kyakkyawa ne kawai fashe da gudu.
Isaƙan Iroli ne ya fusata ta wurin Ishaku. Ya ɗauki lokaci mai yawa saboda matasa suna ci gaba da sadarwa, suna yanke hukunci cewa ba a ƙaddara su kasance tare ba. Ingantacciyar abokantaka ta ci gaba har zuwa mutuwar mai zane. Maryamu ta shigar da Maryamu, idan ya yanke shawarar yin aure, sannan a kan ta.
Zama a da'irori na Moscow, Ishaku ya saba wa Sofia Kuvutynikova. Mace ta gudanar da mace mai zaman kanta inda marubutan da masu fasaha suka hallara. Marinding mai kyau ya girmi Levitan tsawon shekaru 10, wanda bai hana sabon labari ba. A karkashin mafi kyawun darussan zane Ishaku da Sophia sau da yawa sun bar wa Volga tare.
Thearshen dangantakar da aka sa a jita-jitar da aka rabu da Moscow saboda maganganun muwayoyin farka. A cewar wani sigar, Artists Romists ya ƙare saboda Anna Nikolaevna Turchinov.
Matar Sanata daga St. Petersburg ta yi ta gaba kofa ta gaba zuwa kadarcin Kuvshtina, inda masoya suka kashe bazara. Anna - Pear na Sofhia - ya sha wahala daga rashin tsaro kuma ya nuna levitan mai kyau. Bayan tsawaita bayanan dangantakar kruvinikov, na koma wurin miji, da Ishaku ya koma gida Turinchinov.
Koyaya, halayyar ta uku a cikin haɗin m Aristocratchka da kuma ɗan gwanin wata baiwa. 'Yar Anna Nikolaevna Varbara ta zama sha'awar mai son mahaifiyarta kuma ta yi barazanar bayyana soyayya ta sirri ko a ƙarshe. Koyaya, bai tsaya cikin soyayya ba. Haɗin kusa ya ci gaba da mutuwa Lawiyawa.
Mutuwa
Zuriyar zuciya wanda Levitan ya sha wahala daga karami, ya tsananta da shekaru. A kan bango na gaba daya, mai zane sau da yawa ya ɗauki cututtuka katse rigakafi. Barkewar barkewar na biyu kuma bai je wani mutum ba tare da sakamako.
Saboda cututtukan da jin zafi a zuciyar Levitan, har ma sun ƙi ƙaunataccen lokacin da ake tsammani - farauta. Duk wannan ya shafi hankalin Ishaku. Kasar ba ta iya gane mai zane. Halin mutumin ya canza daga farin ciki mai zazzabi a cikin m melancholic.
Imani a nan gaba komawa zuwa Levitan bayan tafiya zuwa Yalta a cikin hunturu 1889. A cikin wurin shakatawa, mai zane ya shafe lokaci mai yawa a cikin jama'a na rashin lafiya Anton Pavlovich Chekhovic Chekhov. Ya dawo Moscow, Ishaku tare da sabon karfi ya fara zana da koyarwa.
A cikin bazara na 1900, a Plenier a cikin Khimki Ishaku Ilelic ya yi rashin lafiya. Sauƙaƙan sanyi, rikitarwa da ƙarancin rigakafi da cuta na zuciya, a ƙarshe ya raunana zane. An kara tarin fuka ga azaba mai raɗaɗi a cikin zuciya.
Bayan da fataucin fataucin kula da fata a ranar 22 ga Yuni (4 ga watan Yuni), 1900, Levitan ya mutu. Ishaku Ilyich ya binne kusa da makabartar Dorogomilovsy, a cikin yankin binne na wakilan mutanen Yahudawa.
Aiki
- 1885-1889 - "Birch Gobo"
- 1889 - "Autumn Golden"
- 1889 - "Bayan ruwan sama. Ples "
- 1892 - "Maraice na bacci"
- 1894 - "a kan yankin na har abada"
- 1895 - "Maris"
- 1896-1897 - "Spring - Babban ruwa"
- 1898 - "Shiru"
- 1899 - "Rayoyi na ƙarshe na rana"
- 1900 - "Twright"