Tari
A cikin kayan tarihi akwai hoto na Sama'ila Yakovlevich Marshak kewaye da yara. Ba abin mamaki ba, saboda mawaƙi kuma marubucin ya kasance kyakkyawan aboki na ƙananan masu karatu. Ba a iyakance ilimin marubucin ga wallafe-wallafen yara ba. Ficigan fassarar fassarar fassarar fassarar fassarar fassarar litattafan turanci na turanci.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Samuel Yakovlevichich wanda aka haife shi a cikin gidan Yahudawa a ranar 22 ga Oktoba (bisa ga sabon salo a Nuwamba 387. Iyalin sun samo asali ne daga tsoffin irin masu binciken Talmud. Mahaifin Yaron mai sanyaya ne wanda ya yi aiki a kan shuka sabulu, uwa - matar aure, ta renon yara da kallon rayuwa. Baya ga Sama'ila, 'ƙarin yara da biyar suka girma a cikin iyali.
Marshak-Senior yayi kokarin gane buri da kuma yiwuwar wani kwararru a fagen sunadarai, saboda haka dangi yakan motsa: VIksk, pokrov, bakhmut. An katse jerin biranen a cikin Ostrogojsk a 1900.
Don barin daga dangin Yahudawa, an yaba da matsalar zuwa ɗakin motsa jiki, tunda an kasafta iyaka da wuraren iyakantaccen adadin waɗannan asalin. Abin da ya sa lokacin da mahaifin Marshak ya yi sa'a don nemo aiki a St. Petersburg, Sama'ila bai bi dangi ba nan da nan.
Matashin wasan motsa jiki ya zo babban birnin hutu. Daya daga cikin wadannan tafiye-tafiye ya zama game da tarihin rayuwar mabiyan marubucin. Yaron yana wakiltar da sanannen zargi da tarihin tarihin fasaha na wannan lokacin zuwa Vladimir Stasov.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa labarin game da yara da matasa marshak ba zai yiwu ba tare da ambaton adabi da kerawa ba. Kamar yadda mawakan da kansa ya tuna, waƙoƙi ya fara aiwatar da kai fiye da yadda aka koya don rubuta su. Ko da a cikin ostrogogsk, datvora daga ko'ina cikin County zai je gidan yarin m mawaki don sauraron nishaɗin aikin da ya rubuta.
Ba abin mamaki bane cewa Stasov, a hannun wani littafin rubutu tare da aikin yaron, ya ba da gudummawa ga farkon fassarar Timotasium.
Zuwan birni a Neva, gidan motsa jiki ya ɓace a laburaren jama'a, daidai da ayyukan litattafan litattafan littattafan duniya. Wanda ya saci bai manta da shigar da ƙaunar soyayya don fasaha ba, musamman goyon baya kan aiwatar da aikin a filin kirkirar jeshin ƙasa.
Babban Aboki na gabatar da mawana tare da maxim gady a 1904. Bayan da tunatar da matsalolin Marshak tare da lafiyar yanayin da St. Petersburg, Gorky ya gayyaci saurayin ya zauna a kan Dacha a Yalta.
A cikin Kudancin City, wani saurayi ya kwashe shekaru biyu. A cikin 1906, tun ya karɓi gargaɗi game da maƙarƙashiyar maƙarƙashiyar, an tilasta shi barin bakin tekun ya koma St. Petersburg.
A kan wannan rayuwar bautar marubucin bai tsaya ba. A shekara ta 1911, wani saurayi tare da gungun abokan aiki ya tafi tafiya zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya a matsayin wakili. 1912 aka nuna ta hanyar tafiya zuwa Ingila don ilimi a Jami'ar London.
Komawa ƙasarsa a 1914, saurayin ya canza biranen gidan zama sau da yawa, har sai ya koma kamfanin Petrograd a 1922.
Litattafai
Ayyukan Sama'ila Yakovlich sun fara bugawa a 1907. Littafin farko shine tarin "Zionida", wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga jigon Yahudawa. Baya ga kirkirar marubucin, fassarar an ji marubucin. A lokaci guda, ya fara aiki a wannan hanyar kuma daga wautar mawakan Yahudawa.
Ayyukan mawaƙi ana magana da shi zuwa ga ɗan karatu mai girma. Mafi kyawun sake zagayowar halittar Matasa ana kiranta tarin Peems "Palestine", wanda aka rubuta yayin tafiye-tafiyen marubucin. Yin karatu a Ingila, yana da matukar son halittar halittar Biritaniya da Scotland, fassarar ballad, da kuma ayyukan litattafan litattafai.
Abin takaici, Bolshevik, sannan Soviet Stalibist Russia ba ta ciyar da aminci ga aikin mawaki da marubuta. Lokaci-lokaci, marubutan sun faɗi rubutattun abubuwa kuma sun hore su har abada. Samuel Yakovlevich ya sami wata hanya ta fita da wata hanya ta samar da baiwa ta babbar mama a cikin ayyuka don yara.
Marubucin ya shahara don ƙauna ga matasa ƙarni. A cikin 1920, an shirya gidan wasan yara na yara na farko a cikin Krasnodin na yanzu, a kan matakin da akwai wasannin da aka yi akan wasannin da ya rubuta, kamar "goma sha biyu", "Teremok".
Tun daga 1923, littattafan yara na mawaƙi an buga su a cikin Perrograd, ciki har da fassarorin "da tatsuniyoyinsu", "wato waka", "waccan ita ce Little Mouse ".
A cikin yakin shekaru, guje wa jama'a sakamakon ra'ayi mara kyau, Marshah ya rubuta satirical da aka yi, yana shiga cikin halittar masu fasikanci.
Don ba da gudummawa ga wallafe-wallafen, marubucin an ba da labarin ƙididdiga da lambobin yabo da lambobin yabo, gami da umarnin Lenin, tsari na ɗan kwadago Red Banner.
A cikin 60s, lokacin da wanda ya ci nasara da kudaden da bai dace ba, waƙar da aka saki tarin waƙoƙi ga masu karanta tsofaffi "sun fi so lyrics". A cikin 1960, tarihin tarihin marubucin "a farkon rayuwa" an buga shi.
Rayuwar sirri
Mikhaia Sophia Mikhaitovna Matasa marubuci ya hadu yayin Gabas ta Tsakiya mai mahimmanci ga rayuwarsa. Don karatu a London, matasa sun tafi da dangi tuni. Har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwar Sophia Mikhailovna ya kasance aboki na gaske da kuma kayan tarihi.
Tsakanin tunani sun lura cewa ma'aurata, duk da banbanci a cikin yanayin zance da haruffa, daidai da juna. Marshak wani mutum ne mai kirkirar, fushinsa mai zafi, haushi, da sophia mikhailovna - Gaskiya "na fasaha" a cikin shagon na tunani, yana da nutsuwa, kwanciyar hankali da yin la'akari da tunani.
Ta hanyar, Samuho yakovlevich ya sha wahala wani mai wuya Worleton. An ce wani labari game da mutum daga wani mawaki na Stone Street ya rubuta daga kansa.
Mafi kyawun aboki na Soviet Hevievya da kansa ya saba da matsalolin da ke hade da yaren sa. A shekara ta 1915, ɗan fari na matan Marshakov, 'yar shekara guda Natahanael, ta mamaye tafasasshen Samfara. Baby ya mutu daga ƙonawa da aka samu.
Shekaru biyu bayan bala'in, ɗan Immanuel ya bayyana ga duniya, kuma a cikin 1925 - Yakov. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa miji da matarsa a zahiri girgiza yara. Af, "labarin ɗan ƙaramin fuska" Shin wani mawaƙi ne na dare "Sami kuɗi don maganin Immanuel a Evtoria.
Abin takaici, ƙaramin ɗan Yakov ya mutu daga tarin fuka a cikin shekaru 21. Babban ɗan farin da ya rayu wata cikakkiyar rayuwa mai cike da nasara, ta zama mai ilimin lissafi wanda ya bunkasa dabarun daukar hoto. A cikin layi daya, mutumin ya shiga fassarorin.
Kyakkyawan da mai mahimmanci a cikin hali, Samuel Marshak Cikin shekaru masu wahala da tsananta wa aikin marubutan kamar yadda zai iya kare abokan aikin sa. Kar a ji tsoro, mawaƙin ya juya ga manyan NKVD, wanda aka bayyana wajen kare ayyukan I. A. Brodsky, A. I. Solzhenitsitsyn.
Ƙoƙarin tashi da zargin da cosmopolitanim da marshak. Bugu da kari, jita-jita sun tayar da cewa an rufe karar karar Kabbricstic a ayoyi na yara. Kasancewa Bayahude na Nasara, marubucin ya yi nazarin Talmud, akwai bayani game da rubutu ta waƙar Zian, amma a cikin littattafan yara, ba shakka, bai sami tunani ba.
Mutuwa
A karshen rayuwarsa, marubucin ya makanta daga cataracact.Babban mawana ya ragu ne a ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1964, ya tsira har da tsufa shekaru. An san hukumcin hukuma wanda aka gane shi da rauni gazawar zuciya. Daruruwan abokai da kuma magoya na kirkirar da suka gabata sun ce ban kwana ga Sama'ila Yakovlevich. Gasar marubucin tana kan makabarta na Novevichy.
Littafi daya
Labarin Jarig Yara:
- "Watanni goma sha biyu"
- "Smart abubuwa"
- "Cat Gidan"
- "Teremok"
- "Labarin ɗan ƙaramin linzamin kwamfuta"
- "Labari game da Mouse Mouse"
- "Me yasa cat ɗin da ake kira cat"
- "Zobe Jafar"
- "Tsohuwar mace, rufe ƙofar!"
- "Kaya"
- "A ina sparrowrow ya samu?"
- "Musicoed - taguwar"
- "Ziyarar Sarauniya"
- "Labari game da Goat"
Ayyactic Ayyuka:
- "Wuta"
- "Mail"
- "Yaƙi tare da Dnipro"
FOEMS:
- "Labari game da gwarzo wanda ba a san shi ba"
Yana aiki akan manyan batutuwa da batutuwa na siyasa:
- "Mail soja"
- "Byl-Nesbylitsa"
- "Duk shekara zagaye"
- "A cikin tsare na duniya"