Tari
Marubutan kira Takhtamysh karshe na guda na guda. Bayan Mamay, Mongol-Tats wanda ya ci nasara da matsayin Mongol-Tats, mai martaba ya tattara tare da warwatse ƙasar da ake kira Juchiryev Ulus. A cewar takaddun shaida da aka adana, Tokhtamysh sun mallaki tsokaci mai tsauri, wanda ya taimaki wani mutum ya kama kan kai na shekaru 25.Yaro da matasa
Ranar haihuwar Khan Golden Horde ba a san shi ba, amma lalata sanannen soja yana sauƙin ganowa. An haifi Tohtamysh a dangin Tuy-Khoji - thean Juci Khan da jikan Ggghis-Khan. Iyalin da aka haifa sun kasance daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular daular da ta yi, amma ba ta da iko sosai a cikin iyali.
A cikin 1364, Tuy-Khoji, mai yawan mulkin sashin Mangyshlak, yana kashe dangi kusa. Dalilin rikici shine rashin son Uba Tokhtamysh don shiga cikin yakin neman neman taimakon tilas. Hukumar na farfajiyar ta biya dangi na makomar Khan. Wani saurayi, a cikin ƙoƙarin tserewa daga kisan kisan kiyashi, ya karya sau da yawa daga ƙasarsa ta asali.
Koyaya, saurayi yana dawowa gida don kada ku rasa iko na ƙaramin mai mulkin halal ne na yankin. Tukhtamysh, wanda baya son ya tsayawa irin wannan makomar, a 1375 ya gudu zuwa mallakar Timur (mai mulkin filaye na makwabta) kuma ya nemi tsaron gidan.
Yunƙurin dangi sau ɗaya sake dawo da taken wasan TokhtammyShem ya ƙare cikin gazawa. Timur bai ba saurayin saurayi har ya kawo wani saurayi tare da ƙaramar sojoji ba. A kan bango na yau da kullun, Usurper ya mutu, da Takhtamysh sun ayyana batun halcin hukuma na Mangyshlaka. Amma wannan jujjuyawar bai dace da wani ɗan Asididdigar gida ba.
Koma gida tare da cin nasara, Torkhan ya gano cewa kursiyin ya sake mamaye shi. A wannan karon makiyin saurayin ya zama Timur-Melik-Oblan. Sabon sarki ya kasance a kan kursiyin. Masu sauƙaƙe waɗanda ba su dace ba da gwamnati ta nada ta hanyar Sorverocrats na Sarki yana kiran Tokhtamysh baya. Kuma saurayi bai yi tunanin ya ba da wuri halattacce.
Mamaye da jirgi
A cikin 1378, tun daga cikin wani sabon matsayi, Tukhtamysh ya tafi a cikin yaƙin soja. Babban burin matasa shine yankin Volga da yankin da dokokin Mamay. Kama da sauri kuma ba tare da babban asara ba. A lokacin bayyanar Tekhtamysh, Mamai ya riga ya rasa iko a kan ƙarƙashin ƙarƙashin wadanda suka karɓi sabon Khan. Bayan shekaru 2, dukkan Horde na gwal sun faɗi ƙarƙashin samari na Khan.
A wannan shekarar, sabon vladyka ya aika da jakadu ga shugabannin Rasha. Aikace-zartar da canza canji na USurppers, sarakunan Rusi sun gane Takhtamysh, amma daina biyan haraji. Bayan nasara a cikin yakin KULikov, hukumomi ba su tsinke hanji a matsayin barazana ba.
Don tabbatar da ƙarfin kanku, Tokhtamysh ya tafi Moscow da kansu. A hanya, Khan yana ba wa warriors don sata da ɓoye duk tarurruka. A lokaci guda, babban detachment ya motsa tare da rus Thai.
Koyaya, da sannu Dmitry Donskoy da Andrei da ƙarfin hali sun sami karantarwa game da kusancin sojojin Tatar-Mongolian. Majalisar da gaggawa ta hanzarta tattara sojoji, amma ba ta da lokaci. Moscow ta kasance ba shi da kariya, tsoro ya fara a cikin birni.
Kwanaki 3 na siege bai kawo sakamakon sakamakon ba, don haka Khan ya yanke shawarar zuwa abin dabarar. Fahimtar rikicewar mutane, mai mulkin kogon zinare ya yi alkawarin ya yi alkawarin komai idan Moscow ta buɗe ƙofar. Mutane sun yi imani. Bayan buɗe ƙofar, sojojin Tatar-Mongol sun lalace kuma sun ƙone Moscow.
Komawa zuwa Saraya, Torkhysh ya yi watsi da yanayin alakar da tsohon zamani - Khan Twur. Masu ba da shawara wadanda suka firgita da ikon maƙwabcin makwabcin don haɗa sabbin ƙasashe zuwa Horde. Ayyukan soja sun nuna cewa sojojin Kons suna daidai, amma a cikin yanke hukunci na ƙwararrun Kishin Kundurchi Tukhtamssha sha wahala shan kashi.
Na biyu shan kashi daga Timur, wanda ya yanke shawara a kan hari a kan Horde, ya faru a cikin hunturu na 1395. Lamarin ya yi matukar muhimmanci cewa Takhtamysh dole ne ya tsere zuwa garin Bulgar (a halin yanzu wani gari ne a Tatarstan).
A wannan shekarar, ƙasar da ya sake yin asarar cibiyar haɗin. An kalleshi Horde na Golden zuwa yaƙe-yaƙe na Internecine. Amma da zaran mai girma Khan ya dawo, yawancin masu nema don kursiyin ya bace. Juriya ne kawai Timur cutgut. Sarkin ya haɗa shi da aure tare da 'yar Takhtamysh.
Yunkurin fitar da Timura-Kutgut daga yankin Horde ya ƙare ta hanyar shan kashi. Han ya barin mutane da dangi. A wannan lokacin mutum ya nemi mafaka daga Lithuania mai mulkin Bitobt. An aika da nasara ta Timur zuwa na gaba kuma yana buƙatar bayar da abokan gaba daga Lithuan.
Gane kansa mafi fifikon (yanki da yawa), bitvt ya ki amincewa da saurayin kariyar gidan sarauta don kursiyin. Amma da daɗewa, mun taru don daidaita da damar daidaita, su kawo babbar runduna tare da shi.
Yaƙin tatts da Lithuanians sun ƙare da shan kashi na ƙarshen. Tohtamysh yana da lokaci don gudu da komawa zuwa asalin sito. Duk da haka, rikicewar Khan da Sarkin yana da shekaru kadan. A cikin duka, mutanen sun shiga cikin bude ido sau 15.
Rayuwar sirri
Matar Farko ta Babban Warrior ita ce yarinyar mai suna Tagai-bick. Mace ta haifi matar 'ya'ya maza 5:' ya'ya maza guda uku da 'ya'ya mata biyu. Daya daga cikin 'yan matan kuma shine dalilin da yasa Takhtamysh kashe matansa.
Janiinka Hanech, saboda haka ake kira yarinyar, isa ga yawancin yarinya, ta auri wani mai goyon bayan Ubansa. Amma a yayin rikici na soja da Timur, mijin Janiki ya juya baya ga gwajin. A cikin fushi tukhtamysh maye a kan mata, bayan an hana mace rayuwa.
Masanin tarihi A. P. Grigorov ya yi jayayya cewa an haɗa Tulunbeck da yawa a yawan matan manyan Khan. Bayan nasara kan Mama Tokhtamysh, tana kashe nauyin na Khan na baya. Don amintar da matsayinku, wani mutum ne mai aure mace.
A cikin 1386, Tulunbek Khanum shima ya mutu ga mijinsa. Tukhtamysh wanda ake zargi da wani mace a hade da abokan gaba, saboda haka ya kawar da matar, ba tare da gano daidaito ba. Amma akwai sigar cewa an tilasta mata hukuncin kisa saboda cin mutunci na cigaba miji.
Sunaye na wasu matan zhan na zinare suna sanannu: Shukr-Bika-Ee da Ubun-Bick. Na farko ya ƙunshi dangantaka da Amir Arsaka kuma ya haihu zuwa Tokhtamysh 'yar Bakhti-Bick-Hanech. Na biyu ba zai iya yin fahariya da 'yan'uwa masu arziki ba, amma ta haifi Hanan' ya'ya maza biyu da 'ta.
Yanzu yawan zuriyar Tekhtamysh yana sa sabani na yau da kullun na cikin masu binciken. An rarraba sigar da ta gabata, tare da yara daga ƙwarƙwarar, babban Khan ya zama Uba sau 13, an haife shi daga matattin maɗaukaki. Amma ƙaramin ɗan sarki ya ce, Ahmet, haifaffiyar da aka haife shi daga ɗayan mata bayan mutuwar Tokhtamysh. Sabili da haka, Katanar Khan yana haifar da wasu shakku, saboda ainihin ranar bayyanar yaron ba a san shi ba.
Mutuwa
Rayuwar Khan Golden Horde sare a cikin 1405 tare da Tyn sumen. Mutumin da ya kashe 'yan shekarun da suka gabata a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe tare da Eysemem ya sami bayanan karya game da mutuwar abokan gaba. Ba tare da rayuwa tsoro ba, Torkama ya tafi ba tare da yin kariya tare da shi ba.
Temphia, tare da Genghisisid, sara da aka kashe 'yan Warriors suna farmaki ba zato ba tsammani. Abokan gaba sun yanke hanyar da mutum don komawa baya. Khan ya fahimci latti da ya shiga Yammacin Turai, kuma ba zai iya ɓoyewa ba. Duk da bayyananniyar magana, Tokhtamysh ya shiga yaƙi kuma lokaci mai tsawo yana yin fada daga maharan. Amma da yawa raunuka ya raunana mutumin da baya son mika wuya ga abokan gaba, kuma bai bar Takhtamyshe damar tserewa ba.
Tunani
A cikin littattafai:
- Tohtamysh da Timur, Rashin Ibity
- "Rus a kan Tokhtamysh. Ƙone Moscow, "Viktor Vorotnikov
- "Yarima da Khan", Mikhail Weller
- "Label Takhtamysha Khan a Yalang", Ilya Breezin
- "Lokacin ba da labari. Maƙasudin Farko ", Boris Akunin
Zuwa silima:
- 2007 - "Tarihin Jiha na Rasha" (jerin 117)
- 2015 - "mulkin Moscow a cikin 1382" League Bidiyo S. S. Volkov