Tari
Peter Phoul din Rubens shine mafi girman ilimin zamaninsa. Sunansa har abada an gyara shi a tarihin fasaha. Mai zane tare da babban harafi, kamar yadda kuka sani, shima mutum mai ban mamaki: kyakkyawa, mai wayo, mai kuzari da kai mai ƙarfin zuciya. Mai siyar da wanda a rayuwarsa bai yi shakka ba.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Peter Roens a ranar 28 ga Yuni a 1577 a cikin garin Jamusanci na Siegen. Kodayake wasu magunguna sun tashi daga ranar haihuwar: tarihin tarihin mai fasaha ana maimaita shi akai-akai. Iyalinsa sun yi hijira daga Belgium zuwa Jamus a yayin yakin basasa da ta'addanci da Furotesta a cikin Netherlands.
Mahaifin mai zane, Janƙara Jan Boan, wani yanki ne na birni a cikin Antwerp na Belgium har 1568. Matar A Maria Pipelinks ta kawo yara hudu. Duk iyalin yana cikin Jamus, kuma a wannan lokacin akwai ƙarin yara uku. Daga cikinsu akwai Beter Rubens.
Na farko shekaru goma sha daya na tsananin zafi ya faru a Cologne. Uba ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin lauya, uwa - don ilmantar da yara. Hankalin da aka sanannu lokacin da shahararren shugaban da mai arziki ya shiga dangantaka da matar Wilhelm Orange, Anna.
Bayan wannan, Jan Juics ya hana dukiya da 'yancin yin aiki ta lauya, da Maryamu ta sanya kayan lambu a kasuwa don ciyar da yara. Daga Cologne rubens tare da matarsa da zuriya, an aika zuwa Siegen a cikin 1573.
A cikin 1587, JanBens ya mutu rashin lafiya. A lokaci guda, pairelinks sun rasa yara da yawa. Ruben da bazawara ta karɓi Katolika da ta dauko Katolika kuma ya koma kasarsu a Antwerp. Yara sun tafi makarantar Latin.
A lokacin, canje-canje ya faru a cikin gari. Ya zama ba zai yuwu a ci gaba da yin kasuwanci ba saboda hanyoyin rufe bakin teku. Kowane ɗayan 'ya'yan rubunsi don nemo wurinsu a rayuwa. 'Yan mata sun zama munanan mata. Ofaya daga cikin 'Ya'yan' ya'yan, da Filibus, ya bi sawun Uba, suna karatu a kan lauya. Babban Baftor Sanarwar ta kwantar da hankali a zanen.
Zane
A karni na 16, manyan canje-canje sun faru a cikin fasahar fasaha. Flemish ƙirƙira fenti don zane, mafi kwanciyar hankali da amfani. Ya dogara ne akan flax mai. Shi ya kara haske ga zanen da kuma ƙara yawan bushewa. Zane-zane ya zama zurfin, kuma aikin ya juya zuwa jin daɗin nishaɗi.
Peter Paul daga ƙuruciya ya jawo hankalin Art. Daga shekaru 14, ya yi nazarin dabarar daga masu fasaha na gida. Abubuwan da ke cikin zane na makomar gaba ta tattara a Tebas Tibias Warhaht, wanda ke da alaƙa da dangantakarsa.
Na biyu Jagora a cikin rayuwar almara wani dangi ne: Adam var arewa. Peter Paul Paul nayi niyyar samun ilimi daga shahararren mai fasaha, ba a samu yayin aiki tare da Warhaht ba. Shekaru hudu da haihuwa aiki a karkashin kulawar Norta. A wannan lokacin, saurayi Peter ya shiga cikin yanayi na Flemish. Daga baya ya shafi aikinsa.
A cikin 1595, sabon mataki yana farawa a cikin ayyukan Peter rubens. Malami na gaba ya zama Otto Van Ven (a wancan lokacin ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan masu fasaha). An kira shi wanda ya kafa hanyar da kuma babban mai ba da shawara ga Rubens, wanda gwanintarta ta sami sabbin fuskoki yayin horo.
Peter Blous Rubens bai rubuta a cikin hanyar veane, ko da yake simmar da kuma yana da babban tasiri a kan hanyar zane-zane. Mai jagoranci ya zama misali na ilimi da ilimi. A cikin shekaru na yara, rubens ya miƙa zuwa ilimi, yare yaruka (mallakar yaruka shida) da ilimin jin kai.
Darussan Otto Van Van Van Brenen Rotens ya sha har sai 1599, sannan kuma a matsayin wani matsayi na "Artist na kyauta" a 1600 ya tafi Italiya don inganta aikin tsufa.
A wancan lokacin, mai zanen yana da shekara 23, amma ya riga ya sami rubutun hannu, godiya ga wanda aka gayyaci shafin yanar gizon Stastorburg don yin hiki a Viretenzo Gonzaga, mai mulkin Mutu. Duke ya kasance mai son art art, yana son hotunan Renaissance. Ruben sau da yawa ya rubuta kwafi a gare shi.
Shekaru takwas, Peter Bitrus ya kashe Kotun Gonzhang a farfajiyar. An yi imanin cewa sabis ya yanke shawara hukuncin ɗan wasa, tun lokacin da majami'ar cewa karfin ikkilisiyar wannan lokacin ya fara kayar da heresy a cikin zanen masu fasaha na zamani.
A lokacin lokacin da aka ciyar a Italiya, wani ɗan saurayi ya ziyarci Rome, Madrid, Venice, Florence. An yi umarnin da yanayin diflomasiya.
A cikin 1608, Ruben-jigidan ya komattwerp, koyon mutuwar mahaifiyar. Bai yi shirin komawa Italiya ba: asarar da alama tana da wahala cewa ɗan zane yana tunanin barin gidan sufi. Amma Bitrus bai iya barin zanen ba. Baya ga da yawa umarni da yawa daga masu arzikin mazaunan birni, ya sami tayin don yin aiki a farfajiyar zuriyar da ke cikin hanyar da aka yiwa Libgezzog.
A cikin Antwerp, mai zane ya zama ɗayan shahararru. Ya yi kokarin sarrafa umarni na ergertzog, fenti da cathedral da rubuta zane zane na ɗaruruwan wasu mazaunan birni. A cikin 1618, wani mai tushe "Union na ƙasa da ruwa" ya bayyana. Ya yi tasirin tasirin Italiyanci a kan salon zane. An yi imanin cewa babban ra'ayin zane shine hadin kai na Antwerp da Sheld Kogin.
Bulawa umarni sun zama mafi girma, kuma Peter Bulus ya buɗe bokan nasa. Yanzu shi, da zarar ɗalibin ƙwazo, ilimi da aka raba tare da samarin aure (a cikin tarihi, akwai irin waɗannan sunayen kamar Jordan Jordan, Faransa Faransa sun yi). Daraje biyu suna yin umarni da yawa na 'yan ƙasa. Wannan daga ƙarshe ya zama tsarin tunani mai kyau, makarantar arts.
A halin yanzu, a cikin 1620 Wani aikin Art ya bayyana, saman aikin rubens - ci gaba da Andromeda, wanda Peter Paul ya burge shi.
Kusa da zuwa 1630 Bitrus Rubens ya gaji salon rayuwa. Na wani lokaci ya zauna cikin kaɗaici, Kirkirar da wani hoto mai ban sha'awa. "Grace guda uku" da "Kotun Paris" sune siginar marubucinsu. Rubens koyaushe ya jawo hankalin kyakkyawa da filayen jikin mace
"Susanna da dattawa" sun zama classic zanen fenti. Tsarin da yake fuskanta ga Tsohon Alkawari. Ruben zane-zanen ne na cocin suna da alaƙa da Nassosi ("bishiyar ƙarshe", Samson da Dalila), kodayake aikin sa ya ƙunshi wani yanki na rayuwa - kodayake aikinsa ya ƙunshi wani yanki na rayuwa - kodayake aikinsa ya ƙunshi wani yanki na rayuwa - kodayake aikinsa ya ƙunshi wani yanki na rayuwa - kodayake aikinsa ya ƙunshi wani yanki na rayuwa - haske, lush, mai ban mamaki. Ba duk tsarin ƙirar Ikilisiya ba ta haifar da yarda. Daya daga cikin wadannan shine "hadin kai". An yi la'akari da ita sosai sabani.
"Batukar da rashin laifi" tana nuna abin da ya faru daga cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki, lokacin da Hirudus ya kawar da jariran, yana jin tsoron zuwan Yesu. Bala'i yana rubutu cewa wannan aikin ya faɗi cikin ƙauna tare da marubucin fiye da kowa.
Wani abin tunawa da yanayin Baroque shine tsoro "jellyfish". A dauki na zamani a kan wannan hoton ya tabbatar da tsammanin Peter rubens. Mutane sun firgita da kalar aikin. Mai zane ba ya son harkokin siyasa na Antwerp.
Abubuwan kirkirarsa ta daɗe ana hulɗa da siyasa, gami da "medusa", wanda mazauna garin suka ɗauka a matsayin alamar gargaɗi.
Peter Blous Rubens, godiya ga zane-zanen da iyawar diflomasiya, sun yi nasarar cimma zaman lafiya tsakanin Madrid da London. Mawallafin ya yi niyyar yin tasiri kan hanya a cikin yakin a cikin ƙasar ƙasa, amma ba za a iya yi ba. Bayan tafiye-tafiye da yawa, rubutocin mai shekaru 50 da haihuwa a Antwerp a ƙarshe.
Rayuwar sirri
Bayan ya dawo Italiya, rubens ya ɗauki Izabella Branta, ɗan shekara 18 na jami'in.
Aure ya samo asali ne daga lissafin, kodayake an rufe yarinyar ta hanyar kulawar da kuma hankalin matasa na ragowar 17 shekaru. Matar ta farko ta haifi Bitrus Bels yara. A cikin 1630, ta mutu daga zuciya.
A cikin shekaru 50, Peter ya sake yin aure. Elena mai shekaru 16 Elena Furman shine ƙauna ta ƙarshe ta mai zane, babban gidan mu, mahaifiyar yara biyar.
Mutuwa
A cikin 1640 Bitrus Pilochens ya kamu da rashin lafiya. Saboda shekaru, mai zane ba zai iya murmurewa daga cutar ba. Mai zanen mai ƙarfi ya mutu a ranar 30 Mayu 30 kusa da yara da ƙaunataccen mata Elena.Aiki
- 1610 - "Tsohuwar mai wucewa"
- 1610 - "Samson da Dalila"
- 1612 - "Bata da laifi"
- 1612 - "Bata da laifi"
- 1614 - "Cirewa daga gicciye
- 1616 - "Hummer Hummet da kaza"
- 1618 - "Ta kama 'ya'yan Lawkipa"
- 1626 - "Da zato game da budurwa mai albarka"
- 1629 - "Adamu da Hauwa'u"
- 1639 - "Kotun Paris"