Tari
Dangane da damuwa, ra'ayi mai raɗaɗi ya bar mai karatu da labari "thean na matattu", wannan haske mai haske, cikakken haske, cikakken kwanciyar hankali yana ba da karatun "zamanin Ubangiji". Wadannan sabanin juna a rubuce-rubuce sanya Ivan Shemeleva ya gane ta marubucin ba wai kawai a cikin ƙasarsu ba, har ma a ƙasashen waje.
Marubucin Russia, wanda ya tsira daga farkon mutuwar mahaifinsa, karbar sahun da na sarauta, kisan dansa ya zaba sau biyu don karbar kyautar Nobel, amma bai zama abin ba da izini ba. Marubucin ya ci shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwa cikin talauci a cikin ƙaura. A cikin 2000, ragowar an kawo ragowar Schmelev zuwa Rasha kuma ya tuba a babban birnin.
Yaro da matasa
Duk da gaskiyar cewa Kakana Ivan Schmelev a cikin layin Uba ya kasance mai ban dariya daga lardin Moscow, an haife marubucin na gaba a cikin iyali mai tsaro. Babban Paparoma Sergei Ivanovich ya ware zuwa gado na bashin da shirya carletters artel. Ya kuma kasance daga cikin wanka da yawa. A cikin mata, ya zabi 'yarsa ga dan kasuwa Savincov. 3 ga Oktoba (a cewar tsohon salon - Satumba 21), 1873, matarsa ta sa shi ɗa, wanda aka sanya wa suna Ivan cikin girmama kakan.
Tare da dangantakar mahaifiyar sanyi da tsananin, dangantakar Ivan tana da sanyi, kodayake ya sami ellampia na kasa, wanda ya sami ilimi a cibiyar sadarwa mai kyau, wanda ya sami ilimi a cibiyar sadarwa mai kyau, wanda ya sami ilimi a cibiyar sadarwa mai kyau, wanda ya karfafa ta ya karanta alumar Russion. Yaro ya yi da mahaifinsa da hayar masters. Akwai daga gare su da Mikhail Pakktaovich Gorkin - Wani mai ɗaurin ɓarna na Orthodoxy, a cikin tsofaffi ya bar aikin da kuma lokacin da Sergey Ivanovich ya dube ta Wan Shaney. An yi imani da cewa a ƙarƙashin tasirin sa kuma ya samar da sha'awar schmelev zuwa addini.
Lokacin da yaron ya yi shekara 7, uba ya fadi daga doki kuma ya kasa murmurewa. Mahaifiyata ta kaɗaita da yara shida. Rayuwa a kan rasit daga wanka; Bugu da kari, sun yi hayar bene na uku na gidan da ginshiki. Farin ciki, a Serene lokacin Yammacin Yammacin, lokacin da aka tura shi dan shekara 11 Vanya aka tura daga dakin ɗakunan ajiya, wanda ke tsaye kusa da gidan, zuwa makarantar ta farko ta Moscow. Dalibin sa a ciki ya sake tunawa a matsayin mafi wahalar matasa. "Cold, busassun mutane," zai yi rubutu game da malamai daga baya.
Saboda ban sha'awa da rikice-rikice tare da rikice-rikice a cikin 'yan shekaru, shmelev ya maye gurbin wurin karatu. Ya sauke karatu daga makarantar motsa jiki ta shida Moscow a 1894, yayin da dalibin bai dauki rabin maki zuwa lambar zinare ba. Shemelev ya zo ga Jami'ar Moscow a cikin sashen Hukunci, bayan shekara ta Russia "Bangaren Russia" - Sketching yana ba da saurayin saurayi.
Litattafai
Wahayi zuwa ta farkon bugawa, shekaru biyu, shmelev ya yanke shawarar buga tarin labaran "a kan tsawan Valam". Kayan da marubucin ya hallara a kan tafiya zuwa gidan sufi. Amma magatakarda na sarauta ba ya barin buga aikin, tilasta marubucin ya cire muhimman sassa. An buga yin la'akari da maganganun na labaran na Essay barin masu yarda da kai, da kuma myistozan masanaki na da ɗan hutu cikin kerawa, wanda aka jinkirta tsawon shekaru 9.
Bayan ya sami ilimi kuma ya bauta wa shekarar a cikin sojoji, Shemelev da matarsa da kuma ɗansa ya koma VLADIMRIR. Marubucin yana aiki a matsayin wani jami'in aiwatar da ayyukan musamman a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Harkokin Harkokin Cikin Gida. Tun daga 1905, Ivan Sergeevich ya sabunta aiki akan ayyuka kuma ya rubuta mafi-att gorky yana neman wasunsu. Marubucin yana da labarai da labarai, a tsakiyar mutumin shine "ƙaramin mutum."
Komawa zuwa babban birnin, shemelev a cikin 1909 ya shiga cikin muhalli. Cirjin rubutu ya haɗa da Ivan Bunin, Alexander Kuprin da sauran marubutan, da kuma Fedor Shalappin. Marubutan sun hada da ba kawai tarurruka bane, har ma da hadin gwiwa da "marubutan marubuta a cikin Moscow", wanda abokan aikinsu suna Bunin da Shemelev.
A cikin 1911, wani labari "mutum daga gidan cin abinci" an buga shi. Bayan shekaru 16, daidaitawar aikin, jawo faɗuwar kyawawan dabi'u, Daraktan Soviet Yakov Faslizanov. Da shekaru 40, Shemelew ya zama sananne a matsayin marubucin labarin kuma yana kan dan kasuwa da kuma bugun jini. Bayyana Sodes, wanda ya ga ransa mai nauyi, marubucin tare da yarda ya cika abubuwan da suka faru na Fabrairu 1917. Koyaya, daidaituwar rikicewar rikice da kuma karɓar tashin hankali da sauri juya yana fatan rashin jin daɗi da firgita.
Ganin rushewar ba kawai tushe na matakai ba, har ma da halin kirki na al'adu, da kuma tashin hankali, shugaban sojojinsa, wanda ya yi yaƙi da yakin sarauta, wanda ya yi yaƙi a gaban yakin duniya na farko, ya bar a Crimea. Anan ne dangi suka sami gidan da makircin, Ivan Sergeevich ya rubuta labarin da aka keɓe ga abubuwan da ya faru na yakin basasa "kamar yadda yake" zubar da labarin "jini". Amma babban matattara ba da daɗewa ba na iya nisanta daga mummunan al'amuran. Sojojin ja sun mallaki Crimea kuma, duk da kokarin da kuma haruffan Uba, shekaru 25 Sergey Shemeleved.
Marubucin wanda rayuwarsa ta karye ta hanyar asara, ya riƙe mutane biyu a kan ƙasan ƙasan, sannan ya isa Turai zuwa Turai. Da farko ya tsaya a Berlin, sannan ya koma Paris. A babban birnin Faransa, shmelev zai riƙe ma'aunin rayuwa.
Ba da da ewa bayan motsawa, da "rana ta matattu" - wani labari, jawo wahumanity na abubuwan da suka faru na juyin juya hali a Rasha. "Karanta wannan idan kana da karfin gwiwa, kuma Alexander Solzhenitsynsn ya bayyana shi a matsayin" wannan takaddar Bolshevism ", wanda ya ba da rahoton" fidda zuciya na shekaru na yau da kullum na shekarun Soviet na farko. "
Tsoron nisan mahaifiyar mahaifiyar, ganin halakar ƙarni na al'adun gargajiya da kuma canza dabi'un, shmelev yana haifar da labarun-pamphlests. A karo na biyu na rabin na 20th moves, ana maye gurbin Nostalgia da tsohuwar hanya. "Abincin rana don banbanci", "Waƙar Rasha" - waɗannan labarun suna cike da kwatancin kwatancin hutu na Orthodox, rayuwa, al'adu.
A saman wannan matakin ya zama labari "Bogomol" da kuma littafin littafin "Ubangiji. Abin lura ne cewa an ƙirƙiri ayyukan a cikin layi daya. Dukkan littattafan sun sami babban shahara tsakanin Rasha masu hijira.
Tare da gaskiya da yin ɗumi, marubucin yana ta da yanayin ƙuruciya, kuma tare da shi - ya ɓata Rasha pre-tawaye. A karo na farko, "rani na Ubangiji" aka buga a 1933 a Belgrade, "Bogomol" - a 1935 a can. A cikin gida na shmelev, littattafai suna cikin duniya kawai a ƙarshen 80s.
Lokaci na ƙarshe na al'adun marubucin Rasha ya yi wa marubucin marubucin Rasha ta hanyar karfafa gwiwa a cikin ƙasarsu. Shemelev yana ƙara wa Memoirs na fis na 1896 kuma yana haifar da "tsohuwar Valam". A shekara ta 1936, ta amfani da nau'in ya ce, sabon labari "Nanny ta nanny daga Moscow" ya rubuta, babban gwarzo wanda tsofaffin mace zai kasance cikin tafiya zuwa hijira.
Shemelev saboda haka ya hana tsarin mulkin Bolshevik din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din ya dauki mamayar masu fasikanci a cikin hanyoyin ALLAH. A cikin wata wasika zuwa falsafa ta Ilyin, harin na Jamus da ake kira "Thear Year Akwatin Cikin Iblis" kuma ya nuna wa takobi a gaban shaidan zai bude hanyar farkawa ta ruhaniya da halin kirki na kasar.
A shekarar 1948, Ivan Sergeevich ya fara aiki ne akan sabon labari "hanyar sama." Aikin bai kasance ba saboda mutuwar marubucin, amma bisa ga surorin da aka kirkira shi a bayyane yake cewa yana son nuna aikin Allah a cikin ainihin duniya.
A zamanin Soviet, an ɗauke aikin Shemelev a matsayin anti-Soviet. Saka littattafan marubucin masu ƙaura sun fara ne kawai a sake. A cikin 1993, an bude gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin Alushta a cikin Alushta, kuma ba da daɗewa ba marubucin ya sami fitarwa a cikin ƙasarsu.
Rayuwar sirri
Ivan Shemelev ya yi aure shekara 20, ba da jimawa ba bayan karɓar jami'a. Matarsa ta zama OHGA OHRENLON. Anyi bayanin sunan mahaifa da ba a saba ba ta asali daga dangin babban Scottish. Kakanninta sun koma Rasha a ƙarshen karni na 18. Uba Alexandrovich ya zama gwarzo na tsaron Seviopol.
Aure tare da Olga Alexandrovna ya yi murna, tare da ma'auratan sun rayu tsawon shekaru 40. Mace ne ba da daɗewa ba bayan haihuwar rai Serezha a shekara ta 1896, ya shawo kan marubucin novice ya ziyarci Valam. Ta mutu a 1936. Ivan Sergeevich ya tsira daga shekaru 14.
Mutuwa
Tare da sauran marubutan ƙaura na Rasha, Ivan Bunin da Demmry Merryovsky shmelev, sau biyu, sun hada da yawan masu neman Nobel. Koyaya, ya kasa zama mai nasara. Dattawa marubucin ya zama, yawancin matsalolin abin da ya samu.
Ivan Shemelev ya mutu a cikin 1950, 24 Yuni. Sanadin mutuwa shine bugun zuciya. An binne shi a makabartar Saint-mai, amma yanzu sauransu suna cikin necropolis a garinsu don su zama masu zaman kansu, da ke babban birnin Rasha. An gudanar da ragowar a cikin 2000. Kuma ragowar Olga da Sergey Shemeleva sun koma nan.
Littafi daya
- 1897 - "A kan tsaunuka na Valam"
- 1907 - "dan kasa uklayikin"
- 1911 - "Mutumin daga gidan cin abinci"
- 1913 - "Wolf Dock"
- 1916 - "Sigor kwanaki"
- 1918 - "BOWLLOL WATE"
- 1927 - "game da wata tsohuwa guda"
- 1927 - "Tarihin Soyayya"
- 1923 - "Rana ta matattu"
- 1933 - "Ubangiji"
- 1935 - "Bogomol"
- 1935 - "Tsohon Valala"
- 1936 - "Nanny daga Moscow"
Faɗa
"Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar Rãnar ita ce mafi ƙaryaci ba." "Taya babu komai: a kan guntun mutane." - Ba za a kashe ni ba. " Wannan kuma ba raba: Hanyoyin ba gaskiya bane, amma ɓoye daga hankali da hankali. "Abubuwan ban sha'awa
- A karon farko da cutar kansa, Ivan Shemelev ya kasance har yanzu a cikin motsa jiki shida. Daliban da aka haɗa a cikin matanin aikin a cikin haikalin kalmomin masu shakku na tsaba na Nadon, wanda ya karɓi jarrabawar ta biyu, "da aka sami jarrabawar ta biyu. A cewar nasa furcin, tun daga nan ya ba da kafiri falsafar.
- Tunanin yaro, ya sha wahala daga matattarar juyayi saboda tsoran uwar. Maimakon lallashewa, an dauki limfumpa gavrilovna don rugs. Idan lura cewa dan tingbules kunci, ya ba da katakon takalmin.
- Loveaunar da ta fi rayuwa ta tsira a cikin shekaru takwas, amma da zarar an canza jijiyar da sabbin goguwa. Abubuwan da matasa ke yi don yin tushen littafin littafin "Tarihin kaunar" tarihin kaunar "na 1927, bisa ga abin da a shekarar 2006, dan tseren yaroslavl ya haifar da fim mai rai.