Tari
Georges Bizeta babban mai siyar da Faransawa ne, Pianist Virtuos na zamanin Romanticism. Ayyukansa, ba koyaushe ba a yaba da zamani da zamani suka tsira daga Mahaliccin. Opera "Carmen", gwanintar Art Art, tattara masu sauraro sama da shekaru 100 a mafi kyawun wuraren wasan duniya.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Georges Bizet a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1838 a Paris. 'Yan mutane kaɗan sun san cewa yanzu mai mawaki shi ne tushen Cesar Leopold, da girmama manyan sarakuna, da baftisma sun sami George ta yin baftisma.
Mahaifiyar George, Eme, wani piaist ne, da ɗan'uwanta Francois Delta-Mawaki da Malami. Mahaifin Aman mahaifin Aman ya shiga cikin keran wigs, sannan kuma ya zama malami na waka, duk da rashin ilimi na musamman.
A cikin gidan a kan titi, zagaye D'Verch kullum yana busa kiɗan, mai ban sha'awa yaro. Maimakon wasa tare da takwarawa, Little Georges Mastered wani taɓawa tare da sha'awa, Mata ta koya wa ɗanta ya taka leda.
Yana da shekara 6, BIZA ya tafi makaranta kuma yana ƙaunar karatu, amma Eme, wanda ya ga mahimmancin iyawar yaron ya yi waƙar. Godiya ga wannan, a ranar haihuwar ta 10, 9 ga Oktoba, 1848, George ya shiga cikin antoine Marmontel, sanannen malami na rabin kashi na 19.
Mawakan gaba suna da cikakken ji da kuma mamaki na mamaki, ya sami kyautar farko a gasar Solrobo na sanannen malamin na zamanin da. Kayan aiki ya motsa zuwa bango, mafarki ya bayyana don rubuta kiɗa don gidan wasan kwaikwayo.
Bayan kammala karatu daga aji na Piano, Bize ya fara yin nazarin abin da ke cikin Firomantalal Gallevy, malamin, darektan zane-zane na Parisian "gidan wasan kwaikwayo". Rubutun kiɗa ya kama ɗalibin mai kariya a wancan lokacin ya rubuta ayyuka da yawa a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban.
A cikin layi daya tare da abun da ke ciki na Georges ya fara wasa a jiki a cikin aji Faransa Francois Benua kuma ba da daɗewa ba na farkon Conservatory don yin kwarewa.
Kiɗa
A cikin shekarun binciken, Bizet ya kirkiro ayyukan musical na farko: "Ba a sani ba har zuwa 1933, wanda aka samo a cikin tarihin conservatory, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na likitancin likita".
Sanarwar jama'a tare da mawakin novies da aka sanar bayan Jacques Ofchach, masarautar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Buff a Montminarre. Wajibi ne a rubuta wani kayan kaɗawa masu ban dariya tare da halartar haruffa 4. Sakamako - zinari da 1200 francs. Bizé ya gabatar da kudurin Operetta "Dr. mu'ujiza" da raba kyautar tare da Chall Leak.
A cikin 1857, don gasar shekara ta shekara ta Kwalejin ta Arts, da Novice Provoser ya hada da Cantatu Klovis da Clotilda, ya karbi kudade kuma sun sami taimako a Roma. Biza ta burge shi da kyau na Italiya, ya zama sha'awar Opera, ya ƙaunace shi da kiɗan Mozart da Rafael. A Rome, mawaki ya kamata ya kirkiro Cantatha a ƙarƙashin Sharuɗɗan da na Grantha, amma a maimakon haka na hada opera "don prokopy" vasco da gamma ".
A cikin faduwar shekarar 1960, an tilasta masa katsewa saboda cutar mahaifiyar, kuma ya dawo Paris. Shekaru 3 masu zuwa sun zama da wahala a cikin asalin rayuwar mai mawaka. Georges dole ya yi rayuwa don ƙirƙirar Musican Nishaɗi don Cafe-Conderts, yana canza yanayin sanannun ayyuka don Piano, ba da darussan da suka fi so.
A matsayina na Roman Laureate, Misiet dole ne ya rubuta wani mai ban dariya na wasan kwaikwayo na Opera ba shi yiwuwa ga dalilai na sirri. A cikin 1961, inna ya rasu, kuma bayan watanni shida, Malami Gallale ya mutu. A cikin 1863, m, mai shawo kan kwarewar, wanda aka kirkira da opertph operera ", sannan Opera" Perth Stert ", sannan Opera" Perth Stert
A cikin 70s ya fara ba da gudummawa da kerawa. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon "Opera mai ban dariya" gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya wuce premiere "Jamile", masu kallo da masu kallo sun gode wa salon mai laushi da kyawawan dalilai na aikin. A cikin magunguna na 1872 da aka haɗa kiɗa ga Alfonson Dodé dodé "Arnian". Saitin bai yi nasara ba kuma ya sake yin Mawallafin zuwa babbar hanyar erchestrestrest.
The vertex na kerawa Bizet ya zama wasan wasan kwaikwayon "Carmen", ba kimanta lokacin rayuwar marubucin ba. Farkon 1875 ya kasa kuma ya sa mummunan martani na latsa, ana kiran samarwa da jin daɗi. Duk da wannan, wasan kwaikwayon na farko an nuna sau 45. Masu kallo sun tafi da shi daga son sani, ya karu da rabi bayan mutuwar mawaki.
BIZA bai rayu ba kafin amincewa da halittarsa. Bayyananniyar mai kyau ta bayyana shekara guda bayan da farko. "Carmen" da aka yiwa Richard Wagner, Johannes Brahim. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovs, fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin shekarar, duba samarwa, ya rubuta:
"Biyar Biya wani mai zane ne, yana ba da yabo ga shekaru da zamani, amma yana warme da wahayi na gaskiya. Kuma menene kyakkyawan makircin opera! Ba zan iya buga wasan karshe ba tare da hawaye! "Masu kallo sun yi soyayya da na soyayya, hoton hoto na wanda aka ɓata daga sauti na Habatov, Polo, Siegidillas. Manzannin da ya kamata mu yayyafa zukatan jama'a.
Rayuwar sirri
Soyayyar farko ta Biza ita ce Italiyanci Giusppa. Wannan dangantakar ba ta daɗe ba, tunda maidowa ta bar Italiya, kuma yarinyar ba ta bi shi ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa a cikin tarihin tarihin marubucin "Carmen" mawuyacin sha'awa ne na Madame Mogador, wanda aka fi sani da Shabryan, marubucin mawaƙa Madamese Lionel, marubuci yana ɗaukar Vareln. Lady ya kasance mai girma George, ya yi amfani da shahara. Mawaki bai yi farin ciki da ita ba, ya sha wahala daga yanayi ya faɗi da kuma ɓacin rai. Bayan fashewa na dogon lokaci ya isa cikin bacin rai.
Farin ciki na Bize tare da 'yar malamin sa daga wasan kwaikwayon daga, Geneva. Auren da ya riga ya yi gwagwarmaya da dangi na zaɓaɓɓun, waɗanda suke kan bikin aure. Saurayi yana kare soyayyarsu da aure ranar 3 ga Yuni, 1869, sun zauna cikin sanannun tare da mutane masu kirki da ke Barbizon.
A cikin shekarar 1870, yakin Faransa-Pri ya fara, maido da ya yi kira da darajojin mai tsaro na kasa, amma da sauri ya 'yantu a kan hidimar karatun Roman. Ya dauki yarinyar daga Barbizon kuma ya koma Paris, inda zai taimaka wajen kare garin.
A ranar 10 ga Yuli, 1871, mutanen mutanen suka haifi Jacques. A cewar jita-jita, mambobin suna da yara biyu, saurayin na 2 Jean - daga yarinyar Mariya Reuters. Georges suna ƙaunar ɗanta da matar, amma ba za su iya farin ciki da rayuwar kansa ba. Ganin Gani ya dauke wani mai rasa mata kuma ya fara sabon labari tare da Pianist da maƙwabta Eli Maryamu Deborord. Kazanta yaso game da shi kuma ya damu sosai.
Mutuwa
Mutuwar BIZA har yanzu ta kasance asirin ga masu bincike. An san wannan wannan ya faru a cikin Buwalle, inda dangin mawaki tare da ɗiyan Maryamu Reuters tare da ɗanta sun tafi lokacin bazara. Sun zauna a cikin gida biyu, an kiyaye su zuwa yanzu, hotonsa yana kan Intanet.
Biza bai yi rashin lafiya ba, amma bai hana shi daga watan Mayu 29s 29 ba, 1875 don tafiya don tafiya zuwa kogin da ke kamfanin matar da maƙwabta yanke hukunci. George yana ƙaunar yin iyo. Ya fanshe shi cikin ruwan sanyi. A ranar 30 ga Mayu, mawaki sun lalata harin na rheumatism tare da zazzabi da azaba marasa amfani da yawa, hannaye da kafafu da aka musanta. A ranar daga baya, zuciya ta faru. Lokacin da likita ya zo, BIZA ya zama da sauƙi, amma ba dadewa ba.
Kashegari kuma mara haƙuri ya ciyar cikin rudani, kuma da maraice an maimaita harin. Mawaki sun mutu a ranar 3 ga Yuni, 1875. Na ƙarshe wanda ya ga mawaki da rai shine adon. Likita ya bayyana dalilin mutuwa: zuciya ta rikitar da matsanancin mawuyacin rheumatism.
Antoniaukar abin da ke cikin kwato da aka rubuta shi a Sudan, wanda ya fara zuwa Buzheval, koyon bala'in. Ya ce a kan karuwancinta wani rauni ne na yanke, wanda zai iya amfani da ƙarshen wanda ya ga George da rai, wato ado. Makwabcin suna da dalilan kisa, ya kula da Geneva, mijinta ya tsaya a kan hanyar zuwa farin ciki. Bayan haka, mai delender ya so ya auri gwauruwa na mawaki, amma auren bai faru ba.
Wata hanyar da za ta yiwu sanadiyyar mutuwar Mahaliccin Carmen, masu bincike suna ɗaukar kisan kai. A ra'ayinsu, raunin mawaki da aka zage kansa, yana ƙoƙarin yanke trachea ko artery. Filaye don irin wannan zato sun kasance. Kwanan nan, Georges ya kasance baƙin ciki saboda gazawar kirkira da cututtuka. Kafin barin cikin Bugel, ya kawo umarni a cikin takardu, ya sanya mahimman umarni. Likita wanda ya bayyana mutuwa zai iya ɓoye gaskiyar kisan kai a buƙatun dangi.
Takaddun da ke tabbatar da cewa ba a kiyaye sigogin ba. Uncle Galallevy, Louis Galallevy, ya gudanar da littafin tarihi da zai iya haskaka haske akan asirin mutuwar mawuyacin, amma an lalata layuka bayan sharrin da aka lalata. Bugu da kari, da gwaje-gwaje ta Bizet ta nemi abokai da kuma sanannun don kawar da haruffa Georges a cikin shekaru 5 da suka gabata.
An binne mawaki a kan Lanezery Cementery. Wannan bikin ya yi daga ayyukan mamaci. Bayan shekara guda, wani abin tunawa da aikin Dubois an kafa shi a kan kabari da kuma rubutu a kan edcal:
"George Bizé, danginsa da abokansa."Aiki
Operas
- 1858-1859 - "Don prokopopio"
- 1862-1863 - "Masu neman lu'u-lu'u"
- 1862-1865 - "Ivan IV"
- 1866 - "Pertsk kyakkyawa"
- 1873-1874 - "carmen"
Operetta
- 1855-1857 - "ELIEE DE MONTFOR"
- 1855-1857 - "dawowar Virginia"
- 1857 - Klovis Kuma Clotilda
- 1857 - "Dr. Dr. mu'ujiza"
Od-Symphony
- 1859 - "Ulysses da Tsires"
- 1859-1860 - "Vasco Da Sun"
Yana aiki don orchestra
- 1866-1868 - "Rome" ("Tunani na Rome")
- 1873 - Arewurure "uwa"