Tari
George Tvstonogov - Darakta da Malami, mahaliccin littattafai kan Darakta. Tare da sunansa, gaba ɗaya yana da alaƙa a rayuwar gidan wasan kwaikwayon Soviet. Georgy Alexandrovich avstonogov an haife shi ne a ranar 28 ga Satumba, 1915 a GIFLIS birnin Tiflis, wanda yanzu ake kira TBilisi.
Mahaifinsa, Injiniyan Injiniya, ya kasance a cikin kyakkyawan lissafi a ma'aikatar gudanarwar ta Georgian Georgian. Mahaifiyar Tamara Poditashvili ta kammala karatun digiri na St. Petersburg tare da difloma ta hanyar magana. Dan uwar'uwar Natel Tovstonogov, ta zama matar dan wasan kwaikwayo Evgenev, daure rayuwa tare da baiwa masanin mutane.
Georgy ya tafi makaranta kafin takara kuma ya kammala horo yana da shekara 15. Tuni a cikin waɗancan shekarun, saurayi ya kasance mai wasan kwaikwayon. Yaron Ungle ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zane a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Tiflis ya kai shi zuwa wasan kwaikwayo. Mahaifaya, ga ganin fa'idar ɗan, ya dage kan zaɓin wata hanyar rayuwa. A cewarsa, kuma tare da taimakon wani Siffar Search George Tovstonogo, ya zama dalibi na Cibiyar Railway Cibiyar Railisway.
Sonan ba zai iya yin aiki da yanayi ba cikin ni'imar mahaifansa. Na yi karatu a shekara, a shekarar 1931 ya bar jami'a, ya zama dan wasan kwaikwayo da mataimakiyar darekara Nikolai Yakovlic Marshak. Zai yiwu avstonogov ya kasance a bayyane yake cewa a cikin 1933 Marshak ya san shi cikin aiki mai zaman kansa. An kira wasan kwaikwayon Anton Pavlovich Chekhov Chekhov Chekhov da aka kira "bayarwa" kuma ya yi nasara a cikin birni.
Farkon sa'a na farko da aka yi wahayi zuwa ga Novice Darakta. A cikin 1933, TOVStonogov ya shiga Gits. Ya kasance matashi da yawa don tura zabin gasa, don haka a cikin takardu sun karu na ainihi shekaru 2. Malaman daliban sune babban darektan Andrei Mikhailovich Lanov da Alexey Dmitrievich Popov.
A cikin layi daya tare da koyo, tovstonogov ci gaba da aiki a cikin Tyuze. Farkon wasan na farko ya biyo da "aure", "Blue da ruwan hoda", "Babban bidi'a", "Trojan doki" da sauran samarwa.
1937 ya karya dukkan mafarkin wani saurayi: an sake shi. George ta atomatik zama ɗan abokan gaba na mutane. Zai yuwu a manta game da samun ilimi a cikin kwarewar birni: an fitar da shi daga shekara ta 4 na Gits. Tovstonogov ya manne zuwa duk wata dama don dawowa, kuma ya faru da ba a iya faɗi. Kalmar mahaukaci ta Yusufu Stalin's "dan Yusuf Stalin bai amsa" an ba da izinin murmurewa a kan hanya ba tare da haske don kammala horo a 1938.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo
An gayyaci TOVSTONOV zuwa gidan Darakta zuwa wasan kwaikwayon TBilisi ya nuna bayan A. S. Griiboyedov. A nan ne ya jawo hankalin masanan mutane na Usshr Akatius Hoorva. Godiya ga Patron na Georgy, Alexandrovich ya zama malami na kungiyar masu aiki a Cibiyar wasan kwaikwayo. Shotda Rarrabieli. Daga wannan lokacin, tovstonogov ya fara gane daidai a matsayin babban darektan kwararru.
Mataki na farko a cikin TBilisi Drama wasan kwaikwayo shine wasa "yara Vanshina". Har zuwa 1946, Geory Alexandrovich ya yi aiki tare da masu fasaha a cikin garinsu, "Guyawa daga garinmu", "Lenuska", "Chantelles".
Sannan aka gayyace shi zuwa Moscow. Daga shekarar 1946 zuwa 1949, ya jagoranci gidan wasan kwaikwayon na yau da kullun na Gaskiya da kuma tsakiyar yara. A karo na biyu ya dage da wasan kwaikwayo na sha'awa "wani wuri a Siberiya" da "asirin dare na har abada." Tovstonogov ya yi nasarar hada aiki akan samar da tilas a cikin wadannan masu wasan kwaikwayon da ke neman wasan kwaikwayon a cikin Studio na Rasha a Almaty.
A shekara ta 1949, Daraktan ya sami sabon rance da Lingrad ya zama garin na biyu a gare shi. A matsayin babban darakta na gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Lenin Komsomol ya kwashe lokacin daga 1950 zuwa 1956. Wannan yanayin ya zama gidan a gare shi.
A shekara ta 1956, a ranar lahira 3 na 37, Tunanar ya gabatar da wani sabon shugaba. Ya sami kansa da 11 a cikin asusun. Aikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo su Lensinsky komsomool a wancan lokacin ya ragu kuma tsakanin sauran wuraren Lingrad sun kasance a matsayin na waje. Babu wani dabaru a cikin gina maimaitawa, daraktocin basu yi aiki ba kamar yadda suka isa ga 'yan wasan, mai kallo a zauren ya juya ya zama da bazuwar.
Duk da haka, kaka ta tattara taurari. Masu zane-zane kamar Elena Granovsko, Vasily Softonov, Vasaly Softonov, yana jiran mutumin da zai iya jagorantar gidan wasan kwaikwayon a wata hanya daban.
Canje-canje da Jagora ya kasance Cardinal. Daraktan ya sabunta Troupe, ya daina kusan masu fasaha 30. Babban alamar ƙasa shine Masters da Matasa matasa. Babban burin shi ne dawowar tsohon mai kallo da kuma gayyatar sabon. An tsara Premie uku don yin wannan: "Motar ƙarfe shida", "tauraron da ba a faɗi ba" da "lokacin da Acacia furanni". Na ƙarshe a cikin birni ya zama masu sauraro a cikin garuruwa.
Darektan atypical, marilan mai ban sha'awa, aikin masu fasaha tare da sarari kuma mai kallo ya sanya kanta da kanta. Haske mai nauyi da kuma farin ciki layoous bribed tare da live da livity. Auditoriyanci na gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya cika da jama'a. Wasan na gaba a cikin samarwa na Tovstonogov ya zama "fox da inabi". Ya fito bayan watanni 3 kuma ya buɗe jerin shirye-shirye waɗanda suka kirkiro da sabon, lokacin da ke yanzu da lokacin sauƙin.
George Tovstonogov ya tabbata a matsayin darakta da malami. A hankali yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan, ya yi musu jagora, suna taimakawa reincarate da inganta a cikin sana'a. Mai samar da sasantawa don sasantawa da turawa da mai kallo. Ya inganta hanyoyin, dabaru da ƙwarewar juna.
Darakta ya zauna a fage, sake rakiyar abubuwa da previeres fiye da girmamawa ga abokan aiki da ma'aikata, al'umma mai zaman kansu da jama'a. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya sami jagora mai kariya kuma ya hada da taken daya mafi kyau a cikin birni.
Soyayyar masu zane-zane da bayyanar da ra'ayinta ya tabbatar cewa hanyar Tovstonogov ita ce mafi inganci. Petersburgers da yawon bude ido sun yi la'akari da aikinsu don ziyartar premies na adadi adadi. Shekaru 33, Georgy Alexandrovic ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na wasan kwaikwayo, sunansa yanzu ya yi sauti a duk faɗin ƙasar.
Don aikinsa, an ba shi Stalin Stalin da Lenin mataimakinsu. Analogs bai wanzu a wasan kwaikwayon na Tovstonogov, darakta nazarin wani maigidasen ba, suna ɗaukar kayan aikin mahalarta. Darakta ya taimaka wajen ba da wasan wasan kwaikwayo Alexander Voldin da Viktor ruwan hoda.
Wasannin Torvstonogov ya shiga Rasha, Poland, Finland, Bulgaria da Jamus. Ya samar da telepostasovka kuma yayi aiki akan rediyo. Tun daga 1957, ya kasance cikin jirgi na gidan wasan kwaikwayon "na gidan wasan kwaikwayon" daga 1964 Shi shugaban kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Rasha.
A cikin 1958, George Tovstonov ya fara koyarwa a Littake, kuma a cikin 1968 ya sami matsayin likita na tarihin fasaha. Daga shekarun 1970 ke jagorantar Ma'aikatar Darakta a Cibiyar. An san wasan kwaikwayonsa tare da ɗaliban da aka sani a cikin Lingrad da sauran biranen.
Rayuwar sirri
Tarihin tarihin Georgy Tvstonogov yana da alaƙa da aikin mai tunani. Rayuwarsa tana cike da kyawawan abubuwan soyayya da ke da alaƙa da sana'a. Daraktan ya yi ƙauna da ƙauna, amma don ƙirƙirar iyali na gaske, koyaushe yana jiran kyakkyawar mace mai mahimmanci wanda ya yi nasara a gidan iyayensa.
Avstonogov ya yi imani cewa tauraron dan adam ya zama mutum mai kirkirar halitta. Matarsa ta farko ta zama actress Salome Kanceli. Bikin aure ya faru ne a cikin 1943, kuma bayan shekaru 2, sabon zamanin da aka sake. Yara fi so, 'ya'yan Nikolai da Iskander sun bayyana cikin aure.
A shekara ta 1958, Tasannin Tovstonogov ya yi aure a karo na biyu. Zabin ya juya ya zama actress Inna Kondratrieva. Amma bayan shekaru 4 da ƙungiyarsu suka barke.
'Ya'yan darekta da jikokin jikan sun shiga cikin zangon babban dangi. Haka kuma Darektan da ke da ban sha'awa. 'Ya'yansu suna da nasu hali, da kuma Georgy avstonoga, Jr. Na'am lafiya ta ci gaba da faruwa, wanda ya zabi kakaninsa. A shekara ta 2012, rayuwar jikan jikan jikan ya karye.
Mutuwa
Tovstonogov ya jagoranci gidan wasan kwaikwayon da kuka fi so har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakin rai, ba a rasa wasan kwaikwayo da sake tattaunawa, a kai a kai yana tattaunawa a kai a kai tare da abokan aiki. A ranar 23 ga Mayu, 1989, an shirya firist na wasan. Ta hanyar daidaita ranar, Daraktan ya zauna a cikin motar don komawa gida, amma bai taba zuwa wurin da makasudin ba.
Dalilin mutuwar Darakta ya zama dakatar da zuciya. Ga Petersburg, ya juya ya zama bala'i. Babu wani mutum da ya yi hurarru da yawa. An binne George TOVSTONOVOVETY CEMEDE na Tikhvins na Alexander Nevsky Lawra, a cikin necropolis na Masters. Wani abin tunawa a cikin hanyar gicciye an kafa shi sama da jana'izar.
Bayan mutuwar Darakta Aatar da su. Lensinsky KomSomol ya ware sabon lakabi: Babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai suna bayan George Alexandrovich Tvstonogovich Tvstonogovich Tabnogovich Tvstonogov. Daraktan Hoto kuma Ya yi ado da harabar da dakuna na ginin. Pupilsalibai da mabiyansu sukan kasu sau da yawa cikin yin tambayoyi game da aikin da umarnin abin da ya faru.
Tsarin halitta na TOVStonogov shine littattafan: "zamani a cikin gidan wasan zamani. Tattaunawa game da Darakta "," A kan sana'ar Darakta "," Al'adu na Tunani "," Claris da Muhalli "," Mafinan madubi ".
A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar Fina-Finan Georgia, fina-finai na kwancewa, yi tunani, ji, soyayya ... "," Legens game da Gogh "," tunani ".
Saitunan
- 1955 - "Trafgal Trugedy"
- 1959 - "Varara"
- 1959 - "Maraice biyar"
- 1962 - "Kaiton
- 1965 - '' yan'uwa uku "
- 1966 - "modan"
- 1969 - "King Heinrich IV"
- 1972 - "Mai duba"
- 1972 - "Hanuma"
- 1974 - "jakar alkama ce"
- 1975 - "Tarihin dawakai"
- 1983 - "Mutuwar tamelkin"
- 1985 - "A kan dukkan sagunan mai sauki"
- 1987 - "A kasan"