Tari
Habila Tasman ne shugaba Dutch Seaflomer na XVII. Shi ne na farko da zai kai iyaka da New Zealand, kuma ya taimaka ya tabbatar da cewa Ostiraliya wata al'umma ce mai cin gashin kanta.
Duk da sanannen abubuwan binciken yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayi, game da tarihin rayuwar rayuwar mutum. An san cewa an haifi matafiyi nan gaba a cikin 1603 a ƙauyen garin Lutgaret na Lauthert. Dangane da gaskiyar cewa cikakken sunan Tasmana - Hafa Jel Jazon, ana iya kammala cewa ana kiran mahaifinsa Yasan.
A bayyane yake, wani mutum yana da asali mai sauƙi. Wannan ita ce shigar da shigarwar rubutun farko game da Tasman, a cikin 1632 rikodin aure tare da rashin sani ga talakawa.
Tafiya da balaguro
Takaddun shaida Abel a cikin teku a karon farko a karon farko a cikin 1634 - an ambata a cikin takardun Gabatarwar kamfanin Dutch na Dutch na Dutch a matsayin Skipper. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, sai mailor ya ziyarci tarin tsibirin Malay, inda hydropher yana aiki aikin hydrophise, kuma yana kuma yin aiki a cikin yankin Molukki. Babu shakka, wani mutum ya yi aiki da kyau - a cikin 1638, An naɗa Tasman Tasman ta hanyar kyaftin na jirgin, wanda ya yi tafiya zuwa Indiya.
A cikin 1639, wani mutum tare da Mattis Kvasta ya tafi neman tsibiran da ake zargin biyu da ke kusa da Japan. Rico de Oro da Rico de Hukumar, game da abin da kawai almara da kuma aka gaya wa jita-jita, ya kamata ya yi yawa da zinari da azurfa. Tasman ya gudanar da Babban "HORFT". Manufar balaguron balaguro, sanye take da gwamnan-janar na Dutch OSt-India Anton Wang Musememan, ta zama ciniki tare da 'yan asalin gari.
Ba a saita balaguron ba: zuwa Filibusines, masu jigilar jiragen ruwa sun yi nasarar fayyace taswirar tsibiran, amma ba da jimawa aka buga a kan jiragen ruwa, kuma shugabannin da aka yanke shawarar tura kotun zuwa gidan ba. A lokacin isowa, mutane 7 ne kawai suka rage daga duk rukunin Tasman. Tsibirin da ake so, ba shakka, babu wanda ya samu. Koyaya, baiwa na karkatar da Habila aka tantance, kuma a farkon 1640s, gwamna ya tura shi ɗan takarar jirgin ruwa zuwa Asiya.
A shekarar 1642, Tasman Tasman an dauki daya daga cikin manyan shugabannin kasashen Yaren mutanen Holland na Dutch, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya sa mutumin ya naɗa shugaban balaguron don nazarin Tekun Indiya. Aikin shine bincika hanyoyin da za su guji karo da ƙarfin jirgin sama, bayan da jirgin ruwa ya koma gabas don yin hanya mai dacewa zuwa Chile.
Kotuna, wadanda aka sadaukar da Tasmann sun kasance, bisa ga shaidar tasa, a cikin mummunan yanayi. Jirgin ruwa ya kasance 2 - flagship "Hemserk" da uku-uku "Zeehan". Yawan kungiyar shi ne mutane 110. Duk da karfin albarkatun da aka yi balaguro, tuni a farkon hanyar makiyaya tana jiran binciken yanki: A cikin kudu maso gabas, wanda za a gayyaci Tasmania. Amma a wannan lokacin mai binciken shi ne wanda yake nacewa daga ƙasar Wang dimime.
Daga baya, kwalayen da ba a sani ba. A zahiri, wannan ba a san kuɗaɗen New Zealand a wancan lokacin ba, amma Tasman ya yi biyayya ga ra'ayin cewa wannan ne na bude jihohi.
Bayan ya makale a cikin Bay, Habila ya ba da ƙungiyar don sake cika hannun jari na ruwa mai ɗumi. A tekun matuƙin jirgin ruwan suna jiran wakilan mutanen Maori, wanda da farko bai nuna damuwa ba. Koyaya, bai hana su daga gobe don kai hari a bakin teku ba. An kashe mambobi uku na matukan jirgin, sauran mu'ujiza sun sami damar tserewa. A yau, wannan wurin ana kiransa Bayani, amma Tasman da kansa ya kira shi "Covers na masu kisan."
Zuwa Chile, saboda rashi kayan aiki, Habila bai tafi ba, kuma a cikin Yuni 1643, jiragen ruwa na balaguro sun dawo gida. An ba da izinin jirgin, amma hukumomin kamfanin sun gagara: Tafiya ba ta cika dukkan ayyukan ba kuma ba ta kawo riba ba. Duk da haka, duk da haka, ya hakikance da bukatar yin nazarin New Guinea da Van-Dima da ya yi imanin cewa wadannan wuraren suna da wadatar albarkatu. An sake tattara balaguro, sa'an nan kuma a kai su sanya Habila Tasman.
Labarun game da wannan tafiya sanin kaɗan. Babban takardu a yau ana ganin wasika ga gwamnan na Gabas ta Tsakiya da katunan da ke Tasman ya kai wa. Torres Strit A wannan lokacin ba a san shi ga Yaren mutanen Holland ba, don haka Habila ya sami ƙasar da aka samo a cikin duka. Kasheni kawai daga baya sun sami ilimi game da New Zealand a Turai bayan bincika matafiya na Turanci James Cook.
Amma godiya ga wannan, balaguron Tasman ya zana ta 3 3.5 dubu daga tekun arewacin Australiya (a wancan lokacin - New Holland). Wannan ya zama mafi mahimmancin gudummawa game da labarin jirgin ruwa, a zahiri ya tabbatar da cewa ƙasa da aka gano shine babban birni.
Kotun ta isa ga Baliyawan a ƙarshen bazara na 1644, kuma ba tare da Kamfanin zuwa mafi ƙarancin fa'ida ba. Koyaya, mutuwar Habila Tasman azaman mai dubawa da kyaftin ya kasance suna da girma. A shekara mai zuwa, an sanya wani mutum shugaban kwamandan, kuma ya kuma yi memba a majalisar dokokin Batvia.
Samun babban post, Tasman zai iya ba da rashin jin daɗin rayuwa mara amfani da kuma sadaukar da kansa don nazarin mujallar jiragen ruwa. Amma mutumin bai riga ya yi watsi da tekun ba. A cikin 1640s, Habila ya ci gaba da tafiya cikin wani iyo, ya yi tafiya zuwa Malay Archipelago, Siam da Philippines. Wani mutum ya fito cikin murabus kawai a cikin 1653, shekaru 6 kafin mutuwa.
Rayuwar sirri
Kamar yawancin gaskiyar cewa tafiye-tafiye Tashar Tasmann ba su damu ba, bayanan rayuwar Habila suna ɓoye da Merak na ƙarni. A cewar shafin yanar gizon www.genealogieonline.nl, wani mutum ya kasance tare da aure sau biyu. Matar ta farko da ake kira Classgie Heyndris, na biyu - Janetje Tijista. Matar ta farko ta mutu zuwa 1632, suna barin 'yar da ake kira Draijen, auren na biyu ta juya ya zama bai zama mara haihuwa ba. Yarin ya daɗe tare da Tasman a Jakarta, da kuma bayan aure ya bar gida a cikin Netherlands.
Duk da karancin bayanai game da Habila Tasman, akwai wuri a ciki da tabbatattun abubuwa. Misali, daya daga cikin dalilan balaguro na 1642 ana daukar su zama soyayya ta jirgin ruwa a cikin yaron Van-Dimemet ta 'yar, Mariya. A cewar Rikodin Jami'an, dokokin gwamnwa na gwamnan, amma zai iya zama dangi ne, kusa da wanda ba sa son ganin Tasman.
Wataƙila, daga cikin halaye na Habila ya zama mai ma'ana da jinƙai. A yayin tafiya ta gaba, jirgin ya sauka a tsibirin, amma mazaunin gida ya saki kibiya zuwa jirgin ruwa. 'Yan asalin ƙasa,' yan asalin fararen mutum, su da kansu ja da kabilan zuwa jirgin. Amma Tasman bai kashe wani mutum ba, kuna hukunta cewa ba shi yiwuwa ne cewa ya sanya kibiya a kan manufa.
Mutuwa
Habila Jel Janzon Tasman ya mutu a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 1659 a Batavia, ba a san sanadiyyar kisa ba.
A wannan gaba, mutumin ya zama mafi ƙarancin mazaunin birni. Shado, bisa ga nufin, an daidaita shi tsakanin 'yar da kuma matar Navitator, da 25 Matar Rediyo, da 25 Muryarov ta motsa Ikklesiyar a cikin Luthengovere don taimakawa matalauta.