Tari
An haifi marubutar Marubucin na Faransa Henri Barbus, da suka yi aiki a lokacin ƙarni na XX-XX, a cikin ERA, manyan yaƙe-yaƙe da sabon tsayin duniya.
Babban al'amuran da aka bayyana a cikin aikin marubucin: A duk duniya, ya kawo wani labari mai ban tsoro "Wuta kusan kusan dalibi ya goyi da darikar yaƙi, ganin bukatun ajin sarauta a ciki.
Yaro da matasa
An haifi Henri Barbus a ranar 17 ga Mayu, 1873 a cikin karamin gari na Faransa na Faransa Sur-Sen. The mahaifin na gaba marubuci Adrian Barbus - Faransa, aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida, ya rubuta Theatrical sake dubawa for jaridar "Le Siècle" ( "Century"), da wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu, rubuta da dama plays. Mahaifiya - Annicaniya Anni Benson, rasu a cikin haihuwa, lokacin da yaron yake dan shekara 3.
Dandanawa ya aika da jariri guda a Ingila ga Ingila ga matar sa, da kuma kansa tare da tsofaffi - Lily da Henri - motsawa zuwa Paris. A nan yaron ya shiga kwaleji mai rollen, inda ya yi karatu daga 1883 zuwa 1890. Sannan matasa Barbus yayi wani samfurin alkalami. Kare da ke ɗaukar saurayin, kuma bayan koleji, ya shiga cikin littafin Sorbonne, ya fara gwaje-gwajen farko a cikin wawaye, ya shiga cikin wasannin ban mamaki.
Littattafai da aikin jarida
A cikin Sorbonne, Henri ya karɓi ilimi mai haske, a cikin 1894 ya kare gsurration a kan falsafa. Kuma shekara mai zuwa, tarin waƙoƙin yarinyar "Poldliki" ("PLEUEUSEUSETRESS, wanda ya yi nasara a cikin salon, wanda aka buga a cikin mujallar. Mashawartan Barbus masu sha'awar.
Nasarar ta'aziyya ta fara'auci marubuci. Samfaddun haske na farkon ƙirƙira ya zama litattafan litattafan "suna addu'a" (1903) da "Jahannama" (1908). Aiki na ƙarshe ya sami kyakkyawan ra'ayoyi na masu sukar, da kuma babban mai karatu mai karatu. Marubucin yana haifar da labari daga fuskar matasa Parisa, wanda ke lura da rayuwar da ke kewaye da zane mai ɗaukar hoto. A cikin buɗewar ta, resultsan wasu mutane, farin ciki da wahala, ƙauna da kaɗaita wuta. Barbus a karon farko yana haskaka tunanin mutum da duk hakikanin.
"A koyaushe ina ba ƙimar alamun ji. Kawai ta zuciya kawai, kowane ya tabbatar da kai da tasowa. Anan kawai gaskiyar amincin kowa da kowa an yarda da shi, "Wannan ambato ne na marubucin game da sabon labari".
A cikin 1914, Henri Barbuse ya saki tarin sabon labari "mun", wanda mai karatu ya gabatar da labaran mutane da motsin mahalarta, su ma'aurata ne, suna tuna matasa ("Fairy Tari") ko Madame Louis ya auri farkon cigaban bayan tashiwar ƙaunataccen ("halarta").
Labarun Barbus suna karanta tarihin Paris, kuma marubucin kansa ya riga ya riga ya shahara sosai cewa an sake shi daga hidimar soja zuwa farkon yaƙin duniya na farko. Koyaya, har yanzu ya je gaban mai sa kai a shekara ta 1914, kodayake ya riga ya biyar na kashi na kashi na goma sha biyu. Marubucin ya yi rajista da darajan Faransa na 231 na Faransa Reges.
Koyaya, kuma a nan, a gaban layi, ba a sashi tare da fensir da takarda, rubuta makircin da aka haifa a cikin kansa, tarihin sojojin talakawa da suka mutu a idanunsa. Kuma Barbus ya kara fahimta cewa wadannan wadanda abin ya shafa ba sa cikin sunan duniya, amma saboda bukatun jari hujja. Yakin da ke cikin tushen canza gano hanyar Forest na Ba'amurke, da kuma ra'ayoyin juyin juya hali da ka'idodi da ka'idodi da kuma ka'idodi suna ƙara a cikin jawabansa da haruffa.
Duk wannan ba zai iya shafar aikin marubucin ba. Littafin labari "wuta" an rubuta a karkashin tushen cannonads a cikin wani lokaci mai tsawo. Farkon surori da aka buga a cikin Exvite Buga, Barbus ya karanta a asibiti. Ba da daɗewa ba a matsayin yanayin lafiyar da aka kore shi, bayan da ya cancanci babban kyautar - giciye don gaskiyar cewa ya taimaka wa mai rauni rauni daga fagen fama.
A lokacin da yakin ya mamaye rayuwar dukkan sassan al'umma, an dauki 'yan Wuta na Roman "a matsayin mafi mahimmancin almara. Marubucin ba ƙoƙarin yin aikin soja ba, akasin haka, kwatancinsa suna da kyau cewa suna haifar da marubucin zuwa ga martani na "zol." Wani ma ya fara wahalar zargi don salon kyauta da kuma gaskiyar cewa littafin ya cika da sojan Gwagon.
"Wuta" ta kawo kyautar mutum da kyautar Hangovsk (babbar kyautar Hangovsk (mafi girma kyautar ta france). An dakatar da littafin zuwa yaruka da yawa, ciki har da a Rashanci, an dakatar da fassarar kawai a Jamus da ƙasashen Hungary.
A shekarar 1917, Henri Barbuse na daya daga cikin wadanda suka yi maraba da juyin juya halin Musulunci a Rasha. Abokanta tare da wannan ƙasar za a ɗauka ta hanyar rayuwarsa da kerawa. Bafaranshe na kusa da ra'ayin kwaminisanci, wanda, kamar yadda ya yi imani, zai kawar da duniya daga mugunta mugunta.
Sabon labari, wanda aka rubuta a cikin 1920, Barbus ya kira "tsabta". A cikin wannan aikin, marubucin yana nuna misalin jaruntansa Simona, yadda sake sanarwar dabi'un ɗan adam, yadda marubucin ɗan adam ya juya daga cikin mahalli da jeri a cikin juyin juya halin.
A cikin 1923, marubucin ya shiga cikin jerin gwanon kwantar da kwaminisiyar Faransa, ya zama wanda ya kafa ta Clari-yakin Warfen Faransawa da editan mujallar tare da abokin aiki - marubuci rollyn.
Daga yanzu, Barbus yana biyan lokaci mai yawa ga aikin jama'a: Kungiyoyin Kwamitin Duniya don yaqi kwamitin yaƙi da gwagwarmaya na duniya, aikata ayyukan rikicewa na duniya.
A shekarar 1924, littafi na Henri Barbus ya sake komawa kungiyar "Haɗin", wanda marubucin da alama marubucin yake a cikin dukkan lokutan banbancin "daban-daban". Addinai, 'yanci, ɗabi'a da ƙarshe, tare da isowar karni na XIX - tsarin Bourgeois.
Da farko Barbus ya isa Amurka a shekarar 1927, ya hadu da Stalin, bayan da ya fara aiki a tarihin jagoran. A shekara mai zuwa, marubucin ya wallafa a wasu masu tarawa 2 - "haɗari" da "labaru masu gaskiya". Don waɗannan ayyuka suna sake samun kyautar yabo ta Gonorovsky.
A karshen rayuwa, marubucin sake sake faranta wa tsohuwar nau'in littafin labari. A shekara ta 1935, daya daga cikin ayyukansa na ƙarshe an buga - labari mai taushi ". A cikin makircin saurayi shekaru 20 da suka wuce barin ƙaunataccen ta hannun iyayensa. Yarinyar ba ta tsira daga wani bangare ba, barin bayan haruffa zai karɓi shekaru da yawa daga baya. Playwararren mara mutuwa har yanzu ana cin nasara a cikin hotunan wasan kwaikwayo na duniya.
A cikin shekarar mutuwar marubuci, littafin "Stalin. Mutumin da aka saukar da sabuwar duniya, "Wanne ya kawo duniya hoton shugaban Soviet.
Rayuwar sirri
A tarihin tarihin marubucin akwai fewan bayanai daga rayuwar mutum. A cikin shekarar 1898, ya auri Elion Mendez - 'yar wani babban mawaƙi da marubucin lokacin Karatles Menndez da makamin Augustus Holmes.
Dangantakar da aka jituwa. Barbus ya rubuta matarsa kusan kowace rana daga gaban haruffa masu tazara. Ba su da yara.
Mutuwa
Henri Barbuse ya mutu a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1935 a Moscow daga huhu. A babban birnin USSR, ya isa, ya riga ya yi rashin lafiya, ya shiga cikin ɗayan taron da aiki iri ɗaya, ya yi aiki a kan tarihin Lenin, a ɗayan - ya rubuta rayuwa ta biyu na Stalin).
An binne marubucin a kan makabarta "a Lashhez" a cikin Paris. Yi la'akari da marubucin a ƙarshe barin babban birnin Faransa ya zo. A kan kabarin Barbus, wani abin tunawa daga marmara mai ruwan hoda (Rhodonite) an aiko da shi daga Rasha aka kafa.
Littafi daya
- 1903 - "Yin addu'a"
- 1908 - "Jahannama"
- 1914 - "Mu"
- 1916 - "wuta"
- 1922 - Tsira-tsiri "
- 1924 - "Hanyoyi"
- 1928 - "abin da ya faru"
- 1928 - "Labaran gaskiya"
- 1935 - "taushi"