Tari
Alexander Borodin sanannen masanin kimiyya ne kuma babban mawaki wanda ya zama wani sabon abu na musamman a cikin gaskiyar karni na 19. Acalican na wakilin da suka yi aiki da yawa na asali a fagen sunadarai na kwayoyin, wanda aka yi dauke da shi kamar yadda Mahaliccin da aka sani da sauran al'amuran da aka sani ga duniya baki daya.Yaro da matasa
Alexander Porfirhevich Boorodin, an haife shi ne a Nuwamba 12, 1833, shine marin ɗan wakilin Georgia na seorcely-seorgia da budurwa mai kagara. Daga ɗaci har zuwa shekara 8, yaron ya rage a hebsodin nasa ne Tatiana yana dauke iyayen kadan Sasha. Kafin mutuwa, yariman ya ba da Alexander kyauta da mahaifiyarsa, wanda aka bai wa likita soja da sunan Kleinek, kuma ya shirya makomarsu, suna ba da mafaka.
Rashin samun 'yancin samun ilimin ilimi a bangon dakin motsa jiki, borododin ya yi karatu a gida, ilimi da aka samu a gidajen makaranta da yawa. Yaron ya dandana sha'awar kiɗa kuma ya nuna hali ga abun da ake ciki. Lokacin da Sasha ta kasance shekara 9, ya hada da rawar da aka yi minsi, ya fara kwantar da hankali da Opera "Robert Iblis Staffer.
Ba a iyakance shi da fasahar ba - an fentin matasa masu ɗorewa kuma yana aiki cikin kerawa. A cikin layi daya, saurayin ya zama sha'awar cemistry, kimiyya, wanda ya taimaka fahimtar da abun da ke ciki da yanayin abubuwan ban mamaki. Gwajin farko Borodin ya ciyar a gida. Kallon shi da damuwa game da adana mazaunin, mahaifiyar da aka yanke shawarar cewa dan zai buƙaci ya kammala tare da dakin motsa jiki kuma ku tafi don ƙarin koyo.
Tare da taimakon tashar jirgin kasa, saurayin ya yanke shawara a cikin 'yan kasuwa da tiyata St. Petersburg, inda ya yi gundumar sunadarai a karkashin farkon Nikolai Nikolayevic Zinin.
Magunguna da ilmin sunadarai
A karshen horo a shekarar 1857, Borodin ya yi aiki a asibitin soja. Bayan shekara guda, ya kare batun nasa, ya sami digiri na biyu a magani kuma ya ɗauki aikin bincike. Aikin kimiyyar kimiyya da ta ɗaukaka Alexander Amsa ne kan tasirin ma'adinai a jikin mutum, wanda ya zama jama'a a shekara ta 1859.
A wannan shekarar, majalisa ilimi da aka aiko Borodin a kasashen waje don haɓaka cancantar da kuma karɓi ƙwarewar ƙasashen waje. Shekaru 2 na Jamus, Edward Jing, Ivan Sthenov, Sergy Botkin, Dmity Mendeleev, dan wasan mai binciken matasa ya halarci taron kwararru "da" atom " an bayyana a fili.
A yayin tafiyar kasuwancin kasashen waje, Borodin ya ziyarci Italiya, sun sadu da furofesoshin gida, saita gwaje-gwajen sinadarai tare da mahadi maharbi a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Jami'ar Pisa. Lokacin bazara 1862 The Matasan masanin masanin ya sake shi a Jamus, kuma ya koma tashar jirgin ruwa na Faransa don hunturu.
Alexander ya koma gidansa a farkon 1863. Ya zartar da wani rahoto game da aikin kimiyya kuma ya dauki matsayin mataimakin farfesa na makarantar kimiyya, wanda aka hada shi da koyarwa. Shekara daga baya, Borodin ya tashi zuwa ga farfesa na talakawa kuma ya umurce da shi don jagorantar binciken sinadarai, inda ya ci gaba da shiga cikin binciken kimiyya.
A cikin 1868, tare da malamin sa, Nikolai Zinin, Alexander ya kafa harsashin kwarurwar kwastomomi na Rasha ga matan, tsohon ilimin jami'a.
A cikin 1877, Borodin ya kai sama da na sama mataki na masana kimiyyar al'umma, kuma a shekarar 1883 kungiyar likitocin Rasha ta zabe shi da wani mambain kungiyoyin. A yayin gudanar da ilimin kimiyya, Chemist da aka baiwa mai sanyaya yana rubuta ayyuka fiye da 40, ta kasance ne daga cikin binciken benzene da kuma hanyar samun amsawar da aka maye gurbin ta da-hagaliker-musayar.
Kiɗa
Duk da cewa borodin ya biya lokaci mai yawa na aikin kimiyya, kiɗan ya ci gaba da kasancewa wani sashi mai mahimmanci na tarihinsa. A matsayin dalibi, Alexander PorfiryEvich ya haɗa minamin wasa don Piano da Romantics, mafi mashahamar wajan "Songing Makariya Mara" da "wakar gandun ƙasa". Tafiya kasashen waje, ya koma cikin kide-baya, ya san aikin da kunnuwan Turai na ganyen Ferenz, Frederick Chopin, Robert Shuman da sauransu.
A St. Petersburg, wani matashin masanin masanin masanin masanin kimiya ya sadu da furucin kidial da na jama'a Balakirev kuma ya zama memba na "Massay Rimsky-Korsakov, Kaisar Kyui. Ofungiyar, ta jagoranci ta hanyar sukar da rubutu, Vladimir Stasov, wanda ya zama ɗan dandano na biyu, wanda ya zama dandano na mikhail Glinka.
Alaka Alexander PorfiryEvich yi a kan dick mara kyau a cikin gidan Mitrofan Belyaeva, inda aka tara Elite wanda ya haifar da ƙazanta Rasha. Babban batutuwa na kwastomomi na Borodina ne 'yanci, ƙauna ga Moband da kuma girman kai na mutanen Rasha. BORODIN ya zama ɗaya daga cikin jarumawar gwarzo a cikin kiɗan Rasha.
Babban samfurin farko na mawuyacin na sabon nau'in, an kashe shi a cikin 1869 ta Orchestra karkashin ikon aboki ɗaukakar Turai. Kwamitocin da aka hada da murkushe 16, Sihiri, Piano Player, Makarun Kayan aiki, waƙar waka "a tsakiyar Asiya" da "yarima Igor".
Babban girman talatin na Borodin aka bayyana a cikin 2 "Bogatran", wanda ya fifita ikon jama'ar Rasha. A cikin wannan aikin almara, an sanya dalilai na rawa tare da wasu batutuwa masu kyau kuma, sannu-sannu mai tsauri, sannu-sannu-sannu-dorewa, sannu-sannu a hankali, sun canza zuwa sauti masu ƙarfi na 'yan wasan na Pipic.
Tare da "Bogattrony", Opera mai ƙarewa "yarima Igor", wanda ke da marubucin ya yi aiki har shekara 18. Ta zama ruwan zuma na salon jaruntaka-Epic a cikin kiɗa, mamakin sikirin al'amuran da ke aiwatar da ƙungiyar mawaƙa da hotuna na mutum. Baya wannan gaskiyar cewa an kirkiro wadannan manyan halittun a cikin layi daya a layi daya, da kayan da aka nufa don wani rubutun guda daya wani lokaci ya zama wani sashi na ɗayan.
Rayuwar sirri
A lokacin zamansa, Borodin ya kula da matasa Paaniist Catherine Proppopova, wanda aka gudanar a Jamus hanya daga cikin asma tratma. Yarinyar da ta mallaki cikakken saurare a cikin kamfanin masanin kimiyya, idan an yarda da rubuce-rubucen na Turai. Matasa sun kwashe lokaci mai yawa tare, ziyarar kide kide-kide a Baden-Baden, nan da nan, ba da jimawa sun yi aure da juna da yanke shawarar yin aure ba.
Bikin aure ya gudana a cikin bazara na 1863. Ma'aurata sun zauna a St. Petersburg, a cikin gidan sada zumunci a kan titin boar.
Saboda matsaloli na kullum tare da huhu, Ekaterina Sergeyevna ba zai iya zama a babban birnin arewa ba. Halinta zuwa Moscow a cikin gidan mahaifiyar sha rayuwar mutum ta sirri. Yawancin abubuwan tarihin rayuwar kimiyyar kimiyya da zuriyar zuriya sun koya daga haruffa waɗanda matan da suka canza lokacin rabuwa. Ma'auratan basu da yara da kuma sanyaya kadai na damuwa game da dalilan da aka dauka zuwa kulawa, wadanda aka dauki 'yan mata' yan mata.
Mutuwa
A karshen hanyar rayuwa, Bordin ya yi aiki tuƙuru a cikin jama'a, memba ne na kungiyoyi daban-daban, sun halarci wakoki da kuma kayan kwalliya, a cikin yanayin kimiyya.
A cikin 1880, aboki da malami na mawaki Nikolay Zinin ya mutu, kuma a cikin shekarar ba ta zama mafi kyawun kayan adorsky ba. Aiki mai wahala, asarar mutum da kulawa da matar mara lafiya ya sanya alama a kan jihar ta zahiri da ta kwakwalwa.
Fabrairu, 1887, a bikin wayewar wawan, mambobin yana da nishadi a cikin al'ummar abokai da abokan aiki, da aka yi rawa da jayayya. A tsakiyar mutanen, Alexander PorfiryEvich wod a cikin rabin-kalma da kuma rarrafe zuwa bene. Dalilin mutuwar babban masanin kimiyya da mawaki shi ne rata na zuciya.
BORODIN ya kulle a cikin masters Masters na Arts Alexander Nevsky Lawra. Wani abin tunawa da hoton mamacin, kewaye da tsarin kwayar halittu, an sanya shi a kan kabari.
Friendedarin da ya yi gāba da asara, abokan Borodin sun yi wasu halittun da ya basu ga barinsa. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov da sauran wakilan mawaƙa sun kammala wasan Igoro Igor, wanda aka gabatar da Alexun Glzunov ya yi waƙar Molling mai lamba ta 39.
Aiki
- 1849 - "pantics na zamani (as-dur)"
- 1850s - "Saurari, budurwa, waƙo na"
- 1862 - "String quintet (F-Moll)"
- 1866 - "Symphony No. 1 es-Dur"
- 1867 - "Gimbiya barci"
- 1868-1872 - "Namiji Quartet ba tare da bin hankalin" werenade na masu jan hankali hudu ba "
- 1868 - "Bogatyry"
- 1869-1887 - "Prince Igor"
- 1875 - "Symphony No. 2 H-Moll" Bogatyr "
- 1887 - "Symphony A'a 3 A-Moll"
- 1880 - "Symphonic Hoto" a tsakiyar Asiya "