Tari
Hans Golbaine Jr. - Mawallafin Jamusawa da Enggrugar da suka yi aiki a cikin salon arewacin Renaissance a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi girma hoton karni na 16. Ya halicci ciyayi masu addini da satirical, sun inganta ka'idodin canji, sun cika babban gudummawa ga haɓakar tsarin littafin.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Golbaae Jr. A cikin garin Augsburg wanda aka yi zargin a cikin 1497-1498. Shi ne dan mai zane-zane na Ganbaa-shaho-bensh, wanda ya jagoranci bitar, kuma tare da ɗan'uwansa, ambrous ya tafi zabe na Uba. Kusan 1515, matasa daukuwanci sun zo da Bandel, wanda a wancan zamani aka yi la'akari da tsakiyar zane-zane da kuma rubutun. Sun zama ɗalibai na zanen gida Hans Herbser.
Da farko, Golbeans sun yi aiki a cikin dabarar Xylograpy kuma ya kirkiro kwafin ƙarfe don bugawa. Babban aiki na farko game da 'yan'uwa shine ƙirar "wawan" mai jujjuyawar makiyaya a buƙatun makiyayi na yankin, Osvald Mikona. Kowane farkon ayyuka na Hans sune wasu hotuna na Hans na Basel da ma'auratan Basel da ma'auratansa, wanda aka rubuta a dabarun iyaye na gaba daya.
A cikin 1517, babban ɗan kurkukun da aka yi aiki akan ƙirƙirar frescople a cikin gidan 'yar Yakubu vontrenterein a cikin Luckne, kuma ya haɓaka zane don windows gilashin gilashin. Dangane da masu binciken, a cikin wannan shekarar, da Jagora ya ziyarci Italiya, inda na sadu da halittun Manneny na farkon matakin zane na Artist na Artistist na Artist.
A cikin 1519, Golbien ya koma Basel kuma ya sami nasa bitar. Ya cika manyan ayyuka a kan zanen fannoni na gidan rawa da kuma gina jerin gwanon gilashi a cikin coci da salon cocin da kuma salo.
Bugu da kari, mai zane ya nuna littattafan sanannen mroken, kuma ya kirkiro da shirye-shiryen katako na littafin Martin Luter Luther. A wannan lokacin nasa ne ga zane-zanen Masters, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin "rawar rawar mutuwa" alamomi.
Zane
Tarihin tarihin Golbaae Jr. Kamar yadda mai zane ya fara da aikin zane na Yukob Meira hukuma shi ne hukuma da matarsa Dorothica Areface Acherbha. Daga wannan lokacin, salon mutum ya fara samarwa a cikin yanayin Jagora.
A farkon halittun Jagora da aka bi da zanen "ya mutu Almasihu a cikin akwatin. (1520-1522), rubuta ta hanyar enra da man shanu da man shafawa. Hoton Grotesque ne zuwa cikakken girma na miƙa da kuma yanayin bakin ciki na bakin ciki yana kwance Yesu. Masu bincike har zuwa yau ba za su iya sanin abin da aka kirkira wannan zane ba: Wasu suna ganin ya zama dole ya zama iyakar bagaden, wasu sun yi imani da cewa wani ɓangare ne na Mai Tsarki na Mai Ceto.
Hoton yana da abin lura musamman tare da girma (30.5 cm x 200 cm) da gaskiyar cewa fuska, hannayensa, da raunin da ya mutu daga farkon matakan rotting. Akwai wani tsari wanda, a matsayin yanayi don wannan aikin, Golbaaine yayi amfani da jikin wani nutsuwa daga rhine.
A cikin 1523, Hans ya haifar da hoto wanda ke nuna ilimin falsafa Erasca rotterdamsky, wanda ya nemi ainihin kamannin tare da mutuminsa. Dan Adam sun aika da kwafin hoto zuwa abokai da magoya baya a kasashe daban-daban kuma sun taimaka wa Golbein don zuwa matakin duniya.
A cikin 1524, mai zane ya ziyarci Faransa a cikin binciken aiki a kotun Francis I, kuma 2 yakaice daga wawaye ", jawabi ga marubucin - dan adam Thomas Moru. A cikin Misty Albion, Hans ya rubuta hotuna 2 na fitaccen na asali: Single kuma dangi.
Sauran maganganun mai zane sun kasance William Walham, Matar Arcy Marholas, da kuma Anna Lovell, wataƙila suna son zane-zane . " Baya ga hoton, Golben ya kirkiro zane na gwangwani da aka sadaukar don kewaye da Tiruan, wanda aka sadaukar da kai ga ziyarar 'yar Faransawa.
A Ingila, mai zane da ba kawai ba ne kwarewar kirkira ba, har ma da kudin da ya zama dole don zurfin wanzuwa, wanda na sayi gidaje 2 a Basel. Komawa ga Switzerland a tsakiyar 1528, mai zanen ya zo karkashin matsin lamba na gyara na gunkin, wanda, wataƙila ya lalata wani ɓangare na ayyukansa na addininsa. An tilasta wa Golbaaine ya yarda da raba sabbin dabaru na Kiristoci da kuma sake yin aiki a kan zanen bango a cikin zauren majalisar Cikin Hall Hall.
A cikin 1532, sun sake sake zuwa Ingila a karkashin yarjejeniyar canji, mashawarcin Thomas Cromwell da Anna Bolein, sabuwar mata Mulkin. Mawaki ya zauna kusa da gundumar siyarwa kuma ya ɗauki hoton mazaunanta a cikin salon daban-daban. A cikin hoton George, GisSS GDANSY GDANBEIN DELLOT M ARECT ta kewaye da alamomin da aka zana na dabara. Kuma hoton Derich Berk Cologne, akasin haka, ya kasance mai sauƙin sauƙi da gaske.
Hans ya kuma kama kotun, masu mallakar ƙasa da baƙi na jihar. Mafi shahararren kirkirar mai zanen na wannan lokacin shi ne "jakadan" Jean Denney, wakilin Faransa, da Georges De Sello, Kotun Faransa, da Georges De Sello, Kotun Faransa. Wannan aikin ya cika da alamomi da kuma paragoisseurs, ya aika connoisseurs ga jigon addini na addini, rai da mutuwa, tunani da ilimi da ilimi. Daga 1536, Golbaine ya zama mai zane mai kama da gidan yanar gizon Ingilishi na daular Tudor.
A cikin 1537, ya kirkiro sanannen sanannen hotonsa na Heinrich VIII, wanda yake tsaye a cikin gwarzo ya gabatar da kafafun kafafu, na asali wanda ba a kiyaye shi ba. A kan girman hoton, zuriyar na iya yin la'akari da zanen bango na fuka-fukan Fresholl da kuma shirye-shiryen yin zane a kan Master shimfido. Tsarin zanen Golbein ta wannan lokacin ya sami canje-canje na Golbein, hankali ya mayar da hankali a kan fuska da suturar siminti, da kuma bangarorin da aka baya sun kasance masu rashin hankali.
Daga 1534 zuwa 1540, mai zane na Jamusawa ɗaya bayan wani ya ɓace duk masu halaka. A cikin 1534th, Tomas Moherated da aka kashe, a cikin 1536, a shekara ta 1536, a 1540th bai zama Thomas Cromwell da heresy ba. Wannan ya haifar da lalacewar kotun na zanen, wanda, duk da komai, an yi babban matsayi.
Baya ga aikin yau da kullun, Golbaaine ya fara shiga cikin umarni masu zaman kansu, tuntuɓar hotunan 'yan kasuwar shuka. Ya kuma rubuta wasu mafi kyawun aikin sa, gami da wasu hotuna na Henry da Charles Brandon, 'yan uwan kungiyar Henry Viii.
Akwai damar da ke cikin 1540, Hans sun halarci dukiyarsa a Basel, amma wannan bai shafi kowane aikinsa har wa yau ba.
Rayuwar sirri
Kusan 1520, saurayi Golbid ya dauki matar Elsbil Schmid, 'yan shekaru, wanda ya dan ɗanana Franz. A cikin shekarar farko ta aure, matar ta haifi mai zane na yaron, wanda aka mai suna Philippe, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci yarinyar Catharina.
Iyalin ba su iya bi da zanen a cikin balaguron tafiya ba, Hans ya ga matarsa da yara, lokacin da yake Basel. A cikin waɗannan ziyarar, ya zana hotuna na dangi wanda ke da alaƙa da hotunan Littafi Mai Tsarki na Bibnin tare da jarirai da John Maibaftisma kan wasu rikice-rikice.
Da wuya rayuwar mutum ba da wuya a kira shi farin ciki. Tun daga 1532, sun rayu daban, a Ingila mai zane yana da alaƙa da sauran mata. Golbaaine ya ba Elsbet da yara, amma ba su ji tausayin ji ba.
Mutuwa
Golbaaine ya mutu a Ingila a fall na 1543. A farkon karni na XVII, ana ɗaukar dalilin mutuwar mai artuwan mutum ya zama annoba. Masu bincike sun ambaci masu zanga-zangar a hankali ga wannan hasashen, suna ɗaukar cewa ya mutu daga kamuwa da cuta.
A ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 1543, mai zane ya tattara alkawalin alkawarin da makwabta sun shaida, amma bai tabbatar da lauya ba. Firist na Ingilishi da kuma fassarar John Robers ya karfafa damuwa game da mallakar kayan da Golbien, godiya ga wacce zane-zane da zane-zane suna zaune a wannan rana.
An san cewa an binne mai zane a Ingila, amma wurin kabarinsa ba a sani ba.
Zana wuri
- 1520 - "Matattu Almasihu cikin akwatin gawa"
- 1523 - "erasm rotterdam"
- 1524 - "Kada ku taɓa ni!"
- 1527 - "Anna Mor
- 1526 - Lais corifskaya
- 1528 - "Asteromerton Nikola ya fi guntu"
- 1528 - "Hoton matar mai zane mai arset na Binchenstok tare da tsofaffin 'ya'yan Philip da Katharina"
- 1532 - "Hoton Kasuwanci George Ges"
- 1533 - Jamidu "
- 1540 - "Heinrich VIII, Sarkin Ingila"
- 1540-1541 - "Hoton Katharina Howard, Fight Matar King Henry Viii"