Tari
Enrico Caruso - Italiyanci Opera mai shekaru, cikin nasara magana kan mafi kyawun shafukan yanar gizo na Turai da Amurka tare da sauƙin kai, an jera waƙoƙi a cikin aria. Don rayuwarsa, mawaƙin da aka fitar da kimanin bayanan da aka yi kusan 260 da aka yi daga 1902 zuwa 1920, wanda ya rungumi mafi yawan aikin sa kuma a halin yanzu suna ci gaba da more shahara.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Enrico Caruso a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 1873 a cikin Nazarin Italiya a cikin talakawa. Shi ne na uku na manyan iyayen da suka tsira a cikin jariri. A cikin membobin da aka keɓe ga rayuwar mawaƙa, akwai ra'ayi mai ban sha'awa, gwargwadon abin da mahaifiyarsa ta haifi yara 21 - yarinya 20. Wannan almara, ta ɓoye mai shekara mai haske kuma wasu abokansa, sun karyata ta hanyar masu bincike.
Mahaifin Caruso, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin makaniki da burodi, ya yi imani cewa dan ya kamata ya zama magajin aikin. Yana da shekara 11, An ba da ENRICO ga almajiran zuwa injiniyan da suka gina murƙushe birane kuma ya jawo hankalin yaron zuwa wannan tsari.
A cikin nace mahaifiyar, Caruso ya ziyarci makarantar kuma ya sami ilimin asali a karkashin kulawar firist na gida. Ya koyi yadda ya kyau cire haruffa da lambobi, ya yi nazarin zane na fasaha kuma ya fara raira waƙa cikin Cocin Ikilisiya. Muryar yaron tana da kyau da cewa shi da sauran tunani game da abin da ya kamata ya bar ƙira da gini kuma fara aiki na musical.
Mahaifiyar ta tallafa da sha'awar Sonan aiki. Bayan mutuwarta a cikin 1888, Caruso ya sami aikin mawaƙin titi a Naples da kuma samun kuɗi don tallafawa dangi, sun fara aiki a cikin gidajen na gida da kuma bangarorin gida.
A cikin samari, da mai tsaron banza sun ba da hannu a wuraren shakatawa na Italiya, wanda ya kawo samun kudin shiga mai kyau. Ya zartar da hanyar da ba a wajabta horon soja, a ƙarshen wanda aka kafa cikin tunanin cewa kiɗan shine kawai waƙar da yake so ya yi.
Kiɗa
A cikin bazara na 1895, Caruso Debuted a kan matakin Neapolitan Secater din Nageri a wasan kwaikwayo mai Amateur wanda ake kira "Amiko Francesco". Bayan haka ya bi jerin ayyukanta a kan wuraren shakatawa na larduna, wanda hade ne da darussan Vocal, wanda ENSRCO ya ɗauki vinceszo Lombardi daga shugaba.
Babu isasshen kuɗi don rayuwa, kamar yadda bayyanar mawaƙa a kan hoton talla na 1896 a cikin wani ɓarkewar gado, kamar yadda kawai rigar ta kasance cikin wanka. A farkon matakin kirkirar ilimin na goma a lokacin da kide kide da ke cikin Naples, Kaorazo ya kasance mai yawa, saboda bai biya ga zartarwa ba. Wannan lamarin ya ƙone mawaƙa don rayuwa, kuma ya yi magana ba zan yi magana a gida ba.
A cikin 1900, nasara ta zo cikin aikin enrico. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da sanannen gidan wasan Opera na Italiya "La Scala" da ranar 26, ya yi mawaki na Rodolfo a cikin "Bohemie" GAKomo Pucuccuini. Caruso ta yi amfani da magunguna na Turai tare da manyan jami'an Turai da na Amurka, gami da Sarki Rasha, wanda ya zo ya saurari aikin na Marisk, wanda ya zo ya saurari aikin wasan kwaikwayo na Marisky a St. Petersburg.
Manyan manyan ayyuka na farko Ezico ya zama jam'iyyar Loris a Opera "Fedor", wanda ya fara aiwatar da shi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Milan "wanda ya fara aiwatarwa a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Milan" wanda ya fara aiwatarwa a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Milan "wanda ya fara aiwatarwa a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Milan" wanda ya fara aiwatarwa a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Milan "wanda ya fara aiwatarwa a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Milan" wanda ya fara aiwatarwa a cikin gidan wasan Milan "Lynerto" a 1898. Daga nan ya shiga wani babban kide kide a kan mataki "La Scala", sadaukar da kai ga ƙwaƙwalwar mai tsayayye verdi verdi. Sauran mahalarta a cikin gabatar da manyan 'yan kasar Italiya Francesco Tamano da Giuseppe Borgathi.
A karshen kwangilar tare da wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1902, Caruso ya yi hayar don yin rikodin bayanan, suna ba da kuɗi na fam fam fam 100. 10 Damuka da sauri sun zama masu bayarwa kuma sun taimaka wa wani matashin mawaƙi ya zama sanannen a duniyar Turanci mai magana. Sakamakon haka, shugabantar lambun Op na Londu na Lonrique ya samu Enrique na maganganun jawabai a cikin ayyuka 8, a cikin wanda suke "Gian Wolfgang Amade Amade.
Fatt din Cello a cikin lambu ya faru ne a tsakiyar Mayu 1902 a cikin rawar da Mattnoux a cikin "Riverletto" tsari. Abokin aikinsa shine mafi girman wasan OPEPER Nelly Melba, wanda ya yaba wa muryar Enrique, amma dauke shi karamar wajibi fiye da babban mai girma na wannan lokacin Jean Scke.
Riƙe gidan wasan kwaikwayo na 1902 a London, Caruso ya koma New York da sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da sanannen metropolitan opera. A lokaci guda, PastQale Simonelli, wanda ya zama wakili, banki da kuma inganta na goma, ya shirya hadin gwiwar Enrique tare da yin rikodin kamfanin Viction tare da ƙarshen rayuwa. A cikin Fabrairu 1904, tarin waƙoƙi na 1, waɗanda suka kawo kyakkyawan kudin shiga ga ɗan kwangilar da aka saki. An yi rikodin "Santa Lucia", ɗayan wakokin shahararrun waƙoƙi daga Sweor Mai girma.
Baya ga Heanggers a cikin na yau da kullun a cikin New York, Caruso ya ba da kide wake-wake a cikin biranen Amurka da Turai. Ya taru a Turai kafin farkon yakin duniya na farko, akai-akai yana dawowa ga wurin da aka kawo cuvent a matsayin wani ɓangare na ziyarar Bango. A cikin 1906, yayin yawon shakatawa na Metrovolitan-Opera a San Francisco, Enrique ya kasance a cikin Epicenter na girgizar kasa. An yi sa'a, shi da abokan aiki ba su ji rauni ba, amma wasan kwaikwayo rasa wani ɓangare na kayan kwalliya, yana gabatar da shimfidar wuri.
A cikin shekaru masu girma, muryar muryar muryar da ke ƙasa, kuma ya tashi daga waƙar zuwa ga kisan Harkuna na Heroic. Mai mawaki ya yi a Kudancin Amurka - Argentina, Argentina, Murna, ya ba da kide kide a cikin Mexico, ya karɓi dala dubu 10 don kawai magana a cikin 1920. A cikin Satumba 1920, Caruso ya kammala aikin a cikin shigarwar ɗakin studio, wanda ya zama na ƙarshen a rayuwarsa.
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin 1904, Caruso ya sami dan'uwa mai kyau a Italiya, ba da nisa daga Florence. A nan ya huta a cikin hutu tsakanin wasannin. A cikin New York, mawaƙa ya rayu a cikin littafin Manhattan Hotel "Knickerbocker". Endinging tare da matsalolin kuɗi, Enrico ya ba da umarnin shahararrun Kaya na Tiffany & Co. Lambar zinare da aka yi wa ado da bayanan nasa, wanda Pastquale Simonelli ya gabatar da wakilinsa da aboki.
Wani yanayi mara dadi ya faru tare da caruso a cikin 1906. An zarge shi da halayyar batsa don pinched da lady auren a New York Zoo. Dan wasan mai tsaron ragon kan wani laifi a kan sel kusa da shi, amma har yanzu an kama shi $ 10. Wannan halin da ake ciki kusan sanya muryar da baiwa da kuma baiwa da ba a saba ba da baiwa da kwazo na jama'a.
Kafin farkon yakin duniya na farko, Alkahira tana da alaƙa da mawaƙa Opera, wanda aka auri ga Manuff. Yayin dangantakar su, matar ta haifi 'ya'ya huɗu, waɗanda suka mutu biyu suka mutu cikin jaririn. SVKA ta bar mata kuma zauna a gidan shahararren mai shahara, amma bai zama matarsa ba. Shekaru 11 bayan farkon littafin, da waƙoƙi suka fashe, kuma jahannama tayi kokarin samun wani sashi na Cello jihar Cello.
A cikin 1918, Enrique ya shirya rayuwar mutum, auren Dorothy Dorothy Dorothy Dorothy Dutsenjamin. Bayan shekara guda, an haifi ma'auratan 'yar Gloria. A yayin yawon shakatawa, mijinta da matar da aka yi musayar haruffan soyayya, wasu daga cikinsu suka shiga membobin da Dorothy bayan mutuwar Caruso suka rubuta. Dangantakar su ta sadaukar da ita ga fim din kiɗan "mai girma Caruso", su harbe ta Tabilator na Amurka Richard a 1951. An yi rawar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da mawaƙa Mario Lance.
Mutuwa
Rayuwar salo da sha'awar shan sigari ta kasar Masar ta raunana da lafiyar kaya. A 1920, abin da ya rage da ake so. Bugu da kari, a lokacin daya daga cikin kide kide na Enrique ya fadi ado, doke mawaƙa zuwa hagu da lalata baya. Bayan wannan lamari, ya kamu da Goma tare da nerargia da kuma mashahurin kayan.
Bayan wani lokaci, cairezo yana da jini daga makogwaron ta, kuma mawaƙin ya soke ayyukan da aka yi. A cikin 1921, preulent pleuriisy da emulya da aka kara a cikin jerin cututtuka da aka gano da mawaƙa. Ya sha wahala 7 ma'amaloli don yin ɗora ruwa daga rami na kirji da huhu, bayan wanda akwai kwanciyar hankali na ɗan lokaci.
A lokacin bazara na 1921, Enrique ya sha wahala daga jin zafi da ba a yarda da shi ba, bayan duba likitancin Neapolitan, halinsa na lalacewarsa sosai. Bayan tattaunawa da gidan tiyata na Roman, an yanke shawarar cire mawaƙin hagu.
Caruso ya tsaya a otal "Vesuvio" a cikin Naples a kan hanyar zuwa babban babban birnin kasar a farkon watan Agusta 1921. Ya sha wahala da rashin bacci, ya ɗauki Miyphon, ya huta. Dare Tenor bai tsira ba, an gano shi mutu a ranar 2 ga Agusta, 1921. Babban dalilin mutuwa, likitocin sunyi la'akari da peritonitis, masu tasowa a kan tushen ƙuruciyata subiaphralal.
Farewell mai girma da aikinsa ya faru a cikin Royal Basilica ta cocin San Francesco Di Paola. An ajiye jikin mutum a cikin gilashin sarcophage a garin Nepoliyan Del Panto. A kusan shekaru 15, an rufe akwatin gawa kuma an sanya shi da kabarin ta hanyar hoton mai baƙin ciki.
Ranar karshe ta rayuwar Enrique an sadaukar da wa song "ƙwaƙwalwar Alkahira", mafi shahararren wanda Luciano Pavarotti yake.
Tazara
- Musica proiva.
- La donna e moblie
- O Mio.
- Torna ta surito.
- Santa Lucia.
- Musica proiva.
- Amor Ti Videta.
- Ya jingina Fanciulla.
- Siciliana.
- Vucchella