Tari
Augusto Pinochet - Chile Janar, dan siyasa, babban kwamandan shugaban sojoji, masanin Amurka. Bayan da samun iko a sakamakon juyin mulkin jihar, Tadan Svarc dimokiradiyya ya zabi gwamnatin gurguzu ya kawo karshen ikon farar hula. Mawallafin sake fasalin da aka yi niyyar samar da tattalin arziki, ya ba da mu'ujiza ta "Chilean" har yanzu an soki geransa kuma ya kasance mai rikitarwa.Yaro da matasa
Augusto José Ron Pincethet Walp an haife shi ne a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 1915 a cibiyar gudanarwa ta Chile Chilperparaso. Iyayensa na Augusto Pera da Alelina, Verft Martinez, sun kasance zuriyar Faransa da Basque, wanda ya koma Kudancin ƙasar Xix a farkon karni na XIX. Uban ya yi aiki a tashar jiragen ruwa, a cikin sabis na kwastam, kuma mahaifiyar ta jagoranci tattalin arzikin kasar kuma ta daukaka yara shida.
A cikin ƙuruciyarsa, Augusto ya yi nazarin Augusary na St. Rafael, ya ziyarci Cibiyar Katolika na Mawallaci, sannan kuma makarantar cocin a cikin Volpaiso, sannan kuma a 1931 ya shiga cibiyar soja a Santiago. Bayan shekaru 4 na yin nazarin labarin dabarun da aka tsara, matasa ya sauya babban jami'in Alférez kuma an rarraba shi zuwa sashin soja na Alférez kuma an rarraba shi a cikin sashin soja na Alférez kuma an rarraba shi zuwa sashin soja na almara.
A shekara ta 1948, United ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon sojan, ya cancanci daraja na hedkwatar kuma ya fara koyar da labarin kasa da geopolitics, da kuma shirya wajan mujallar ɗalibin "Cen Onguila".
Aikin soja da juyin mulki
Ba da daɗewa ba, wani farfesa ya naɗa shi kuma ya aika zuwa Ecuador don tsara makarantar soja. Yayin aiwatar da wannan manufa, wani jami'in matashi ya ci gaba da cinye grani na kimiyyar soja. Bayan da aka kashe shekaru 3 a cikin shugabancin jagoranci a cikin sojojin Chile da kuma dawo da taken Kwamaki, Augusto ta dauki matsayi na mataimakin darekta na Kwalejin Soliago.
A shekarar 1968, juyin mulkin ya zama mai tsaron gida na gaba wanda aka tura shi a cikin Ikike, ya karbi matsayin Brigade gabaɗaya kuma yana nada a gidan lardin Tarapak.
Bayan shekaru 4, Pinchet ya riga ya jagoranci ƙungiyar sojojin Santiago, bayan murabus din Carlos PrutT sun zama shugaban sojojin sojojin Chilean. A wannan lokacin, kasar ta girgiza, kasar tana girgiza, yawan tarzoma ta kai ga mahimmancin ma'ana. Sojojin sun ci karar a hannunsu da kuma faduwar 1973, bayan sanarwar da gwamnati ta yi imani da kundin tsarin mulki, Shugaban El Salvador Alleend.
Aikin Pinochet a cikin abubuwan da suka faru ba a fahimta sosai. A cikin littafin MEVOOV, ya yi jayayya da cewa shi ne babban taron kwamiti na gaba da 'yan sanda na kasa, da manyan ayyukan soji ya shiga ciki, Biye da misalin mafi yawansu. Marubutan fina-finai "a cikin Santiago" suna tafiya ruwan sama "da" daren nan da suke kokarin fahimta.
Bayan rushewar gwamnati da kisan kai na Allende, masu goyon baya sun haifar da sojojin da sojoji, rundunar José, Lee Gustozo - rundunar Sojan Soja, da kuma tsageran sojojin Soja, da kuma tsageran Airdoza - Carabiniierov.
Wata hudu dakatar da sakamakon kundin tsarin mulki da aikin majalisar ta fara aiwatar da ayyukan zartarwa da kuma gabatar da karar mulki da kuma dokar. Har zuwa ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1974, manyan manufofin sun gudanar da yarjejeniyar ta siyasa, sannan kuma aka tura ta hanyar oda, ya zama shugaban kasar Chile.
Jikin mai mulki
A farkon hukumar, Pinochet yayi kokarin kawar da 'yan siyasa marasa jin daɗi da janar-janar. A cikin murabus din, shugaban sojojin sufuri Lee, José Torbio Merino ya rasa karfin siyasa, kuma shugaban ma'aikatar harkar bonla karkashin hadarin jirgin.
Shugaban kasa ya karbi iko a kan jihar tare da 'yancin ayyana dokar ta gaggawa da kuma warware makomar dokoki da jami'ai. Majalisar majalisar da jam'iyyun sun rasa 'yancin zabe, kuma an soke Majalisar ta kasa.
Chile ta koma tsarin mulkin soja, manyan abokan gaba na wanda kungiyar kwaminisansa suka sanar da su. Wannan mummunan zalunci ne, a lokacin da mutane kusan mutane 3 ne suka mutu, har yanzu hukuncin sun faru ne a filin wasa na kasa a Santiago. Don tabbatar da tsaron ƙasar, Pinochet ya kirkiro (Dina), wanda ya gano abokan adawa da sabuwar gwamnatin. Yawancin 'yan siyasa da ba su goyi bayan shugaban ya mutu daga hannun jaridar Invents ba.
Tattalin arzikin jihar da aka shirya ya sake tunani kuma ya sanya hanyar canzawa zuwa dangantakar kasuwa. Sannan sanannun maganganun mai mulkin sun bayyana a cikin 'yan jaridu:
"Muna kokarin juya Chile ga kasar masu mallakar, ba m" "Dole ne mu kula da masu arziki su kara da su ba."Abincin ya haifar da canji a cikin tsarin fensho, wanda daga rarraba ya zama ya zama tarawa, da kuma kulawar kiwon lafiya da kuma ilimi sauya hannuwan mallaka. Kamfanin kamfanoni a cikin shekarun ALDE suka dawo ga masu mallakar farko, wanda ya haifar da fadada kasuwanci da manyan hasashe. A sakamakon haka, kasar da ta yi biris da talauci da rashin tsaro.
A shekarar 1978, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yanke wa akidar da ke da mulkin Pinochet, sakin kudurin da ya dace. Shugaban Chile ya amsa da kuri'ar raba gardama wanda ya fi tallafawa ikon data kasance. Bayan shekaru 2, mai ba da shawarar Janar Hadima Gusman ta kirkiro da sabon kundin tsarin mulkin Chile, a cewar da wani jami'in shari'a da kuma Majalisar Dokar Tsaro ta kasance .
Wadannan matakan sun ba kirkiro halittar wani tsari na soja wanda shugabannin jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Kwaminis ta Kwaminis ta Kwaminis. Membobinta sun dauki ayyuka da yawa, ɗayan wanda ya zama ƙoƙarin da ba a yi nasara ba a rayuwar PINOCET, wanda aka yi a 1986.
Fuskantar da tsayayya da tsayayya da tsayayya da adawa da kuma kasashen waje, a 1987, Pinchet ya halarci jam'iyyun siyasa da kuma zababbun shugaban kasa. Taron mai mulkin ya yanke shawara ya kasance tare da karfin mulkin Katolikainiyar addinin John Paul II, wanda ya kira Augusto ya dawo da kasar kan hanyar dimokiradiyya.
Bayan ya rasa kuri'ar a watan Oktoba 1988, shugaban kasar Chilean ya kasance shekara 1 a matsayin lokacin shekaru 8 da aka shirya. A ranar 11 ga Maris, 1990, PINOCHET, PINOCHETS EYLVIA Kamarun, wanda ya karɓi kuri'un da aka zaba a kan gardama. Mai aikata kambi ya kasance babban shugaban sojojin har zuwa shekara ta 1998, sannan kuma aka ɗauko a matsayin sanatocin rai na Lifelong.
A cikin faduwar 1998, Pinochet ya fara kama shi ne lokacin zamansu a asibitin London, daga baya shekara guda ba ya kira ga Amirtar soja da laifukan tattalin arziki. Bayan an kama wasu watanni 16 da aka kama, an aika da mai mulkin soja daga Burtaniya zuwa ga asalinsu, inda binciken ke da yanayin rikice-rikicen jini ya fara.
Sakamakon tsohon shugaban, wanda Chile ya zarge da kisan kai, satar, rashawa, tallace-rashawa, sayar da makamai da fataucin kwayoyi. A gaban kotun, Pinochet bai rayu ba.
Rayuwar sirri
A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 1943, Pinchet, Lucia mai shekaru 20, wanda yake da 'ya'ya biyar: Ines Lucia, Mariya Francedo da Marco Francio da Marco osonio. Matar mai mulkin soja wakilin mai arziki ce, tana taka rawa sosai a rayuwar siyasar kasar. Da farko, mahaifin Lucia ta tsayayya da 'yarsa aure, amma ta nace da ita.
Rayuwar sirri tana da alaƙa da aikinsa na siyasa. Matar ta zama mai ba da shawara ga Gabaɗaya, kuma ɗayan 'yan matan sun yi ƙoƙarin ci gaba da batun uba, ya zama memba na Jam'iyyar Conservative.
Bayan mutuwar tsohon shugaban Chile, an kama danginsa da ke ɓoye da ɓoye kuɗi da kuma karɓar haraji. Koyaya, kokarin lauyoyi sun daina tsananta. Gani na mai mulkin kisa ya ƙunshi kusan $ 28 miliyan, Bugu da kari, ya kasance mai yawan laburare wanda aka tattara littattafan kwafin da aka samu.
Mutuwa
Yin hukunci da hotunan da aka yi a ƙarshen 1990s - farkon 2000s, Pinochet ya bambanta ta hanyar kiwon lafiya mai ƙarfi. Koyaya, saboda dalilai na likita, an sake shi a karkashin kamawa da fassara shi zuwa wani gidan daurin gida.
A ranar 3 ga Disamba, 2006, tsohon mai dokoki yana da kai hari, kuma an kai shi mai kulawa. Mako guda baya, wanda ya aikata wanda ya aikata laifin mutuwar dubban cile ya mutu a ɗakin asibitin da ke kewaye da dangi. Dalilin mutuwa shine kumburin huhu wanda ya haifar da mummunan ciwon zuciya.
A ranar 10 ga Disamba, 2006, taron jama'ar suka tafi titunan Santiago da sauran birane. Mutuwar Pinchet ta haifar da zanga-zangar taro da tarzoma a tsakanin abokan adawar yanayin.
Kashegari, jikin tsohon ya jinkirtar da aikin makarantar zuwa ginin makarantar sakandare a Las Cordes, inda bikin ban kwana ya faru. Dustul ɗin Pintothet ya ba da dangi don guje wa lalata kabarin.