Tari
36 ga shugaban Amurka Lindon Johnson ya dauki alhakin alhakin kasar nan da nan bayan mutuwar John F. Kennedy. Shekaru 4, dan siyasa ne ya jagoranci ci gaba da cigaba da nuna talauci, laifi, nuna bambanci na addini, amma ya yi ta yaƙi da lafiyar Vietnam.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Johnon Lindton a ranar 27 ga watan Agusta, 1908 a kan gona kusa da Stonuolet, Texas, kuma ya zama babban dan yara Eli Johnson Junior. Daga baya a cikin iyali, Sam Housson, Rebeca, Yusufu da Lucia sun bayyana a cikin iyali. Daga magabata, yaron ya ga Turanci, Jamusanci da Scottish Tushen.
Johnson ya kasance mai yawan tattaunawa, a makaranta sun halarci jawaban jama'a, muhawara, ta shiga baseball, wanda aka gudanar a dukkan batutuwa. Son sani da sassauci na hankali ya baiwa Lyndon a 1923 don zama makarantar sakandare ta dalibi Johnson City.
Iyaye sun nace cewa dan ya tafi kwaleji kafin. A shekarar 1926, shugaban Amurka na gaba ya shiga jami'in jihar Jihar Texas, kuma bayan shekaru 2, ya jefa iliminsa don koyar da yaran Mexico.
Daga baya Johnson ya ambata:
"Na tuna jin zafi daga ganin cewa kwalejin ta rufe wa ɗaliban wannan karamar makarantar Mexico: Iyayensu ba su da talauci sosai. Wataƙila, a wannan lokacin na yanke shawarar ni ban kwantar da hankali yayin da ilimin ba zai kasance ga kowane ɗan Amurka ba. "Aikin lokaci-lokaci aikin ya taimaka Lindon don adana kudi don biyan jami'ar. Cum yana da saurayi a cikin 1930. Kwarewar da aka zuga a cikin kwarewar matasa na yaudarar matasa ya ba da shi tare da wurin malami na jayayya da kuma rhetoric a makarantar Houston, sannan a cikin wakilan Houston, sannan a majalisar Houston.
Ayyukan Siyasa
Majalisar Richard M. Cleberg a cikin 1931 da aka nada Lindon Johnson zuwa Sakatare. Matsayi ya jawo hankalin wani saurayi ba shi da yawa daga cikin aikin, nawa ne Ba'amurke Ba'amurke, Mataimakin shugaban kasa Yohn Nans Gader da Majalisar Sam Robern.
An samu nasarar samun Johnson zuwa ga Wakilan Wakilan Amurka a cikin 1937. A cikin manufar ciki, ya yi biyayya ga "sabuwar hanya" Roosevelt, wanda Linndon ya zarce ya jagoranci yahudawa na Turai daga Nazi Jamus. Johnson ya taimaki daruruwan Yahudawa da suka shiga cikin ma'aikatan Cuba, Mexico da Kudancin Amurka.
A shekarar 1948, bayan zabon masu zanga-zangar da ake zargi Johnson ne a cikin dattawan Amurka. Dan siyasar ya zama sananne ga "aro" don abokan karawar Richard Russell da Sam Rairen, goyon bayan wanda zaben shugaban kasa ya taimaka.
A cikin post, Johnson, wanda ya damu game da barazanar da za ta yiwu a cikin sararin samaniya, ya nuna tallafin kungiyar Aeronautics da kuma cosmoutoutics a 1958. Godiya ga wannan takaddar a Amurka ta bayyana NASA.
Tuni a cikin waɗancan shekarun, Lindon Johnson ya nuna kansa a matsayin mai ilimin halayyar dan adam, a tarihin masana tarihi, wanda ya taba san Washington. " Dan siyasa yasan karfi da kasawar abokan aikinsu da abokan hamayyarsu, wariyar su da kwarangwalansu a cikin kabad, hanyar cinye kuri'unsu.
A watan Yoshnson, Johnson, shan taba sigari kowace rana, amma a karshen shekara ta sanar da kokarinsa ta shiga cikin shugabannin hukumance. Manufofin gasa masu kyau da aka yi wa John F. Kennedy. Abun halartar hankali da fara'a na halitta ya nuna wani saurayi a kan asalin tsananin tsananin, m Lyndon.
Amurkawa sun zaɓi Kennedy. A cikin Janairu 1961, lokaci guda tare da ƙaddamar da shugaban kasa, an naɗa Johnson da Mataimakinsa. Ana ɗauka cewa Kennedy da aka ba da shawarar Lindon wani matsayi daga politeness da gazawar da ake tsammani. Har zuwa ranar ƙarshe, dokar Kennedy mutane ba su tafi ba.
Johnson, ta saba da aiki kan suttura da kuma warware ayyuka da yawa a lokaci guda, yana so ya fadada sharuddan a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa. Kennedy ya umurce shi batutuwan tsaro, hijirarsa, ilimi da kimiyya, musamman - tashar jiragen ruwa. A shekarar 1961, Ussh da farko ya aiko mutum zuwa sararin samaniya, kuma shugaban ya nemi aiki daga Johnson, wanda zai ba da damar Amurka ta kama.
Nuwamba 22, 1963, 2 hours 8 Minti bayan kisan John 8 Bayan kisan da aka yi wa widgan Wide Wordsy, da na Lynndon Kennedy ya yi rantsuwa a matsayin shugaban Amurka. Littafi Mai-Tsarki bai kunna hannu ba, kuma cikin biyayya ga siyasa siyasa ta yi rantsuwa a Rome Missal. Ana daukar hotunan hotuna daga bikin shahararrun hoto a cikin jirgin saman shugaban kasa.
A cikin tunawa da wanda ya riga Johnson ya sanya sunan John Kenedy zuwa cibiyar sararin samaniya a kan Cape, kuma ya kirkiro Hukumar Warren don bincika kisan shugaban. Dokokin Johnson ya shiga lokacin tattalin arziki, tare da ƙananan rashin aikin yi. Kasar Amurka a wannan lokacin bai shigar da manyan sabani ba tare da jihohi, da kuma kulawar sabon shugaban, da kuma bayan yakin a Vietnam.
A cikin shekarar farko, Lindon ya shiga yakin tare da talauci, laifi, launin fata da banbanci. An sanya tunanin sa a cikin "babban jama'a". Canje-canje a cikin tsarin tattalin arziki mai bi, godiya ga abin da kudin shiga na Amurkawa ne kawai a shekarar 1966 ya karu da 15%.
A shekarar 1965, Amurkawa na Afirka sun sami hakkin su zabi zaben, kuma kisan wani mai fada saboda 'yancin Black Lio Liuzzzio ya tsokani ga membobin dangin ku-Klux. Johnson ya kira su "al'umma na fantics a cikin hoods", wanda kuke buƙatar komawa zuwa ga al'ummar da ake ciki, har yanzu bai yi latti ba. " Ya zama shugaban farko tun tun daga taimakon ULIVa, wanda ya kama shi kuma ya gina mababi ga dangin Klux kabilu. Tare da Joneson, Amurkawa na farko sun fara zama mazaunan jihar.
Sakamakon wani kwamitin Lindon, yawan Amurkawan da ke rayuwa a layin talauci ya ragu daga kashi 23% zuwa 12%, yara sun tashi cikin irin wadannan iyalai.
Jerin kisan gilla - John Kennedy da ɗan'uwansa Robert, Martin Luther King - Dokar Mulkin Mulkin. Dalili ya fadada jerin mutanen da aka hana su makami wanda aka gabatar da "lasisi mai yawan lasisi", wanda ya ba da izinin "m da kuma karo da" makamai don samun haraji.
Rashin tashin hankali a Vietnam, dalilan da aka bayyana su daki-daki a cikin tsarin kayan tarihin zamani "(2002), sun raunana ikon Johnson. A zabukan farko na 1968, ya zira 49%, kuma abokin adawa da abokin hamayyarsa Eugene McCarthy ne 42%. A wannan batun, Lindon ya yanke shawarar kada ya shiga cikin shugabannin} ~ angare. Wanda ya gaje shi ne Republican Richard Nixon.
Rayuwar sirri
17 Nuwamba, 1934, matar Lindon Johnson ce ta Claudia Alta Taylor, da aka sani da Lady Bird (Ladybird Up. "LuryBird"). Sunan barkwanci, wanda a cikin ƙuruciyar yarinyar da ta yi nanny, ta zahiri ta zama sunanta Bord, an rubuta sunan Grudia Bord, a zahiri an rubuta sunan a cikin takardar sheda aure.
Tayin don yin aure Johnson ya voICed a ranar farko. Bird tsuntsu bai so ya rusa tare da bikin aure ba, amma bayan makonni 10 ya ce eh. Bikin ya faru ne a cikin cocin Epcopal na St. Mark a San Antonio, Texas. Claudia ta tsira daga wasu maganganu uku kafin ranar Linda Berd (1944) da Lucy Bene (1947) ya bayyana. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: ma'aurata da yara suna da wannan albarkacin LBJ.
Lady Berd matar ce kadai matar Johnson, amma a rayuwarsa manufofin ba ta da tsada ba tare da ƙaunar soyayya ba. Har zuwa 1967 yana da haɗaka tare da alice na gilashi - ƙaunataccen jaridar Mansa, a cikin 1948 ya sadu da ɗakunan da ke da launin ruwan kasa. Ana ɗauka cewa ɗansa na biyu, launin fata Stephen kasa, launin ruwan kasa na Stephen, wata mace ta haife ta Lyndon. "Dan" yayi kokarin tabbatar da shiga cikin dangin shugaban kasa, amma a 1989 ya rasa kotun.
Mutuwa
A asirin, nazarin daidai da aka annabta cewa mutuwa zata sami Johnson yana da shekara 64: An sha wahala mai yawa, a 1970 auna kilo 107) da matsalolin zuciya. A ranar 20 ga Janairu, 1973, Lindon ya tsira daga harin zuciya na biyu, sakamakon abin da ya ayyana ya mutu. Yana da shekara 64.
Johnson na jana'izar ya faru ne a cocin Kirista na ƙasa a Washington, shugaba Richard Nixon. Jikin ya kasance a cikin garin hannu dan siyasa - Stonuolet, a kan wani makabartar iyali mai zaman kansa.
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