Albert Cami - Hoto, tarihin rayuwa, rayuwar mutum, sanadin mutuwa, littattafai

Tari

Marubucin 31, Essura da Playwright Albert Camo wakilin tarihi ne na zamaninsa. Daure tare da matsalolin falsafa na ma'anar rayuwa da kuma neman kyawawan dabi'un da aka bayar ga marubucin tsakanin masu karatu da kawo kyautar Nobel a cikin shekaru 44.

Yaro da matasa

Albert Cami an haife shi ne a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 1913 a Mondevy, Algeria, to, wannan wani bangare ne na Faransa. An kashe mahaifinsa yayin yaƙin duniya na farko, lokacin da Alberta ya cika shekara guda. Uwar yaron, Mutanen Espanya ta asali, sun sami damar samar da karamin kudin shiga da gidaje a cikin talauci na Algeria godiya ga aikin da ba a daidaita ba.

Yaro na Albert shine talakawa da rana. Rayuwa a Aljeriya ta sanya Cami yana jin wadataccen yanayi saboda yanayin zafi. Yin hukunci da sanarwa na Camus, ya "ya" ya rayu cikin talauci, amma kuma cikin farin ciki mai ban sha'awa. " Hiresoshin sa na Spain ya ba shi ma'anar girman kai cikin talauci da sha'awar girmamawa. CAMI ta fara rubutu ne da farko.

A Jami'ar Algeria, ya yi magana mai kyau na falsafar falsafar - ƙimar da ma'anar rayuwa, yana ƙara ƙarfafa game da kwatancen Hellenism da Kiristanci. Duk da yake har yanzu ɗalibi, mutumin ya kafa gidan wasan kwaikwayo, a lokaci guda ya jagoranci ya taka leda a wasannin. A 17, Alberta mara lafiya tare da tarin fuka, wanda bai yarda shi ya shiga wasanni ba, da ayyukan sojoji da koyarwa. Cami yayi aiki a wurare daban-daban kafin su zama dan jarida a 1938.

Ayyukan sa na farko sun kasance "matsananciyar yunwa da fuska" A 1937 da "idi na aure" a 1939 - tarin maganganun rayuwa da jinin sa, kazalika da ma'ana. Rubutun harafin Albert Camus Camus ya alama rata tare da sabon labari na gargajiya na gargajiya. Da karancin tunani na tunani game da ilimin ilimin falsafa.

Camus ta kirkiri ra'ayin haƙĩƙa m, wanda ya ba da batun ga mafi yawan ayyukansa na farko. Rashin hankali shine abyss tsakanin sha'awar mutum zuwa farin ciki da duniya, wanda zai iya fahimta da hankali, da kuma ainihin duniyar, wanda ke tsoratar da rashin tsoro. Matsayi na biyu na tunani na tunani ya tashi daga farko: ya kamata mutum ya dauki sararin samaniya da ba ta dace ba, har ma da "tawaye" a kanta. Wannan tashin hankali ba siyasa bane, amma da sunan ƙimar gargajiya.

Littattafai

Farkon Roman "strrying", wanda aka buga a shekarar 1942, an sadaukar da shi ga wani al'amari mara kyau na mutum. Littafin ya gaya game da malamin magatakarda mai suna Mersdo, wanda shine mai ba da labari da babban halayyar. Har yanzu dai mulkin Mersso zuwa duk tsammanin motsin zuciyar mutane, ya "Lunatic" a rayuwa. Rikicin sabon labari ya bayyana a bakin rairayin bakin teku lokacin da gwarzo da ke rikici ba ya cikin laifinta, harbe Araba.

Kashi na biyu na novel ya sadaukar ne ga kotu ga kisa da hukuncin kisa, wanda ya fahimta game da yadda abin da ya kashe Araba. Merso ne cikakken gaskiya a cikin bayanin yadda yadda yake ji, kuma gaskiya ce ta sa shi "baƙo" a duniya kuma yana tabbatar da cewa tofin. Babban halin da ake amfani da shi da rashin lafiyar rayuwa, kuma an inganta wannan tasirin da aka inganta ta hanyar da gangan da salon littafin.

CAMI ta koma Algeria a 1941 ta gama littafinsa na gaba "tamal game da Sisyiff", an buga a 1942. Wannan rubutun falsafa ne game da yanayin rayuwa. Halin almara mai ilimin Siis, ya yanke masa hukunci har abada, yana ta da dutse mai nauyi a kan dutsen kawai don ya sake yin birgima. Sisifa ta zama alama ce ta mutane da kuma ayyukan da ta samu na yau da kullun cimma nasarar mugunta.

A cikin 1942, ya dawo Faransa, Camisa ya shiga kungiyar "juriya" kuma ya kasance cikin aikin karkashin kasa da 'yanci "a 1944, lokacin da ya zama editan jaridar" gwagwarmaya "na shekaru 3. Hakanan a wannan lokacin, an sanya wasansa biyu na farko: "rashin fahimta" a 1944 da "Caligula" a 1945

Babban rawar da aka buga a wasan farko da actress Kazares. Yin aiki tare da CAMI ya koma dangantaka mai zurfi a tsawon shekaru 3. Maryamu ta kasance cikin dangantakar abokantaka da Albert zuwa mutuwarsa. Babban jigon wasan shine ma'anar rayuwa da ƙarshen mutuwa. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo ne na gwarzon wanda ya ji mafi nasara.

A cikin 1947, Albert ya buga sabon labari "annoba". A wannan karon, cami ya mai da hankali kan kyakkyawan mutum. Bayyana harin almara na Bubonic annoba a cikin Algeria garin Oran, ya sake daukar batun wahala kuma an ba shi wahala da annoba ta haifar da annuri.

Mai ba da labari, Dr. Rie, wannan mutumin ne wanda ya kiyaye ikon halayyar kuma yana ƙoƙarinsa, koda kuwa ba shi da nasara, ya yaƙi barkewar cutar.

A matakin daya, za a iya ɗaukar sabon labari a matsayin ra'ayin almara game da wani aikin almara na aikin Jamusawa a Faransa. "Misali" ya karɓi mafi girman shahararrun mutane masu karatu a matsayin alama na gwagwarmaya da wahala - manyan matsalolin ɗabi'a na ɗan adam.

Addinin mai mahimmanci na gaba mai mahimmanci na CAM ya zama "mutum mai tawaye." Tarin ya ƙunshi wasu bayinan falsafa masu mahimmanci 3 na marubucin, ba tare da wanene wahalar fahimtar manufar saninsa ba har ƙarshe. A cikin aikin, ana tambayata tambayoyi: Menene 'yanci da gaskiya, wanda ya ƙunshi mutum mai' yanci. Rayuwa a Camus rikici ne. Kuma yana da alhakin tattarawa har zuwa rayuwa a zahiri.

Rayuwar sirri

A ranar 16 ga Yuni, 1934, Cami ya yi aure Simone Hee, wanda ya kasance a baya tare da abokin marubuci max fuchee. Koyaya, rayuwar sirri ta sirri na sabon abu ya kasance na ɗan gajeren lokaci - ma'auratan sun tashi zuwa Yuni 1936, an kammala su a cikin Sumber 1940.

3 ga Disamba, 1940, ya auri Francis Francis, Pianist da malamin ilimin lissafi, wanda ya sadu a 1937. Ko da yake Alber ya ƙaunaci matarsa, bai yi imani da Cibiyar Aikin Cibiyar Aure ba. Duk da wannan, ma'auratan sun twin 'Ya'yana da ketareine da Jean, aka haife su a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1945.

Mutuwa

A cikin 1957, kyautar Nobel a cikin littattafai don aikin Nobel ya karbi kyautar Nobel. A wannan shekarar, Albert ya fara aiki a farkon labari mai mahimmanci, kuma kuma zai zama daraktan wasan kwaikwayo na Paris.

A ranar 4 ga Janairu, 1960, ya mutu a hadarin mota a cikin karamin gari na Villbyvin. Marubucin ya ɗan shekara 46. Ko da yake mutane da yawa sun ba da shawarar cewa dalilin mutuwar marubucin shine hadarin da majalisun, babu wata tabbacin wannan. Camus sun tsira daga matarsa ​​da yaran sa.

An buga ayyukansa da matsayi na farko: "Mutuwar Muryar 1930s, kuma an buga shi a cikin 1971, da" mutum na farko "(1994), wanda ya rubuta wa Chi tsawon lokacin da ya mutu. A shari'ar marubucin ya zama mummunan asarar wallafe-wallafe, tunda har yanzu dole ne ya rubuta ayyuka mafi girma da kuma tsinkaye kuma ya fadada tarihinsa mai kirki.

Bayan mutuwar Albert Cami, daraktan duniya da yawa sun dauki ayyukan Faransa don yin fim. Akwai fina-finai guda 6 dangane da littattafan Falsafa, da kuma tarihin zane-zane guda wanda aka ba ƙa'idodin marubucin kuma ana nuna hotunan marubucin kuma ana nuna hotunan rubutun.

Faɗa

"Ga kowane tsararraki, an yi niyyar yin la'akari da kanku don yin tsayawa a duniya" "Ba na son zama mutum mai ban tsoro, ina iya zama mutum ne kawai" "sane da abin da muke so mutu, ta juya rayuwarmu a cikin wargi "" tafiya a matsayin babban kimiyya da babban kimiyya yana taimaka mana mu sake samun kanku

Littafi daya

• 1937 - "Musadaita da fuska"
• 1942 - "Strying"
• 1942 - "Mata game da Sisyiff"
• 1947 - "annoba"
• 1951 - "Raw kek"
• 1956 - "Fall"
• 1957 - "Baƙi"
• 1971 - "Mutuwa mai farin ciki"
• 1978 - "Rubuta balaguro"
• 1994 - "Mutumin farko"