Tari
Hoto mai kyau da kyakkyawan hoto a cikin gallery na Desabi na Desprists - Mariya Nikolaevna Volksonkaya. Kamar Hadarin Gimbiya, ta bayyana misalin rashin adalci da kuma hankali na Siberiya, Prince Sergei Volkonsky bayan al'amuran 1825. Hagu da alama a cikin tarihi da adabi, ya zama marubucin Maria Volksonkayav don ƙirƙirar ɓangaren sawu na biyu na waka ". Matan Rasha".Yaro da matasa
Gimbani Maria Nofolaevna Volksonsskaya (nee Raevskayaa, kamar yadda aka yi imani da shi, kamar yadda aka yi wa Yuli 22, 1804 a cikin garin Kamenka Costy na lardin Kiev. Amma akwai wasu bayanai akan ranar haihuwarta - 6 ga Janairu, 1806.
Tasashen tarihin gimbiya yana da alama tare da mai arziki da daraja mai tsawo. Mahaifa Nikolai Nikolayevic Raevsky - Sadarwar Rasha, Janar, War Hero 1812. Sokseevna Konstantantinova mahaifiyar Konstantinova - Jagoran babban masanin kimiyyar Rasha Mikhail Lomonosov. An haife ma'aurata maza 7 - 'ya'ya maza 2 da' ya'ya mata 5. Yawancinsu sun ga hasken cikin yakin soja mara iyaka na shugaban iyali, wanda ya kasance tare da matar kirki.
Daga gefen Uba, yara sun gaji asalin Polish (Raevsky - Tsohon Race Race daga karni na XV), kuma daga mahaifiyar mahaifiyar - Cibiyar Librarian Catarina II , Girkanci ne ta kasa).
Jinin Girkawa ya fi bayyana a kan bayyanar Maryamu, 'yar onpleimim' yar Raevsky. Baki da duhu, tare da fata mai laushi mai duhu, ta kasance ani ne mai fi so. Yanayi ya ba ta zuwa ga kyakkyawar murya, gabaɗaya ya rubuta malami daga Italiya don mamaye muryar 'yarta. Masha ta sami ilimin gida, da Ingilishi mallakar Faransanci da Ingilishi, da adorara karatu, yana sha'awar tarihi da adabi.
A sararin samaniya a gidan Raevsky, duk da tsaftataccen tsarin tsarin, ya kasance mai daci sosai da abokantaka. 'Yan'uwa mata suna kallon manyan' yan'uwa da Uba. A cikin maraice bayan abincin dare, sun kasance maritis a cikin falo. Kuma komawa daga moldurare, kulle a cikin ƙaddamar da shi, ya rubuta a cikin dioes ɗin da suka girka lokacin da kyandir.
A cikin bazara na Nikolai Nikolayevich Raevsky da ba a fitar da shi gaba ɗaya dangi a cikin Crimesa da Caucasus. Hakan ya faru cewa suna tare da Alexander Sergeevich Strintek, wadanda suka zama abokai da Nikolai Nikolayevich yayin haɗin kudu. Tuni ina da shekara 16, Maria Noolaevna ta yi da daɗi, labarai game da kyawunta ya yadu a cikin jama'a St. Petersburg.
Rayuwar sirri
A karo na farko, zuciyar kyakkyawa ta faɗi lokacin da ta kama wani ƙauna mai ƙauna ta ƙauna. Tafiya tare da Raevski a cikin Caucasus a cikin 1820, tururi ya zama sha'awar a cikin yarinyar shekaru 15 kuma bai ɓoye soyayyar sa ba. An dauke shi cewa Maryamu Raevskaya an sadaukar da shi ne ga wasikun da aka rubuta a kudanci na kudanci (a cikinsu - daga baya ba saƙa, kyakkyawa, tare da ni, "" a kan tuddai na Georgia. Koyaya, wannan sigar tana musayar wasu masu binciken kirkira da kuma tarihin rayuwar mawaƙin.
Duk da haka, hoton Gimbiya Volkonky ba zai sake yin farkawa a matsayin fantasy na mawaƙin ba. Zai bi ta mako, saboda ya ba da aikin matarsa na Wabnmu, zai sadaukar da sabbin layuka ga budurwa.
"A matsayina na wani mawaki, ya yi la'akari da aikinsa ya kasance cikin soyayya da dukkan kyawawan mata da 'yan mata, wanda ya hadu. A Yan kuma, ya yi wa gidan kayan gidansa kawai, "in ji shi kawai a cikin ambatonsa.Wani Zadychal Maria Noikolaevna ya zama ƙidaya gustab Oolizar, mawãbin Polish, wanda ya kasance a wancan lokacin jagoran na lardin Kiev. Sallwararrun tsoffin tsoffin tsofaffin tsofaffin tsofaffi, jadawalin ya zama baƙo mai yawan jama'a a cikin gidan Kiev Raevsky kuma a cikin 1823 ya ƙaddamar da yarinya. Koyaya, ya sami ƙima ga mahaifinta. Olia ya sami kwarai da gaske a rayuwar kansa, kuma hoton ƙaunataccen ya yi wanka na dogon lokaci a cikin aikinsa.
Bayan shekara guda, mahaifin Maryamu ya sake samun tayin aure. A wannan karon, Yarima Sergey Grigorievich Volkonsky, wakilin sanannen suna na ƙarshe da kuma tsohon zamani irin. Ya daɗe yana ziyartar gidan Raevsky da kuma yadda ƙirar da aka saurari wa Maryamu mai ban haushi, tana yaba mata da baki curls.
Ya yi girma da Mashha shekaru 20 kuma a cikin martabar Manjoji na gaba daya, ya nuna kansa a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na yakin 1812. A wannan karawar da aka yi, kuma a ranar 11 ga Janairu, 1825, an buga bikin aure a Kiev. An yi imanin cewa Maria Raevsky bai yi aure ba, amma a cikin nace mahaifinsa, wanda a lokacin shaky abu halin da ya nemi mafi kyawun yaron ƙaunataccen ɗansa.
Zazzabi da aka gudanar a cikin Gurzuf, sannan jerin rarrabuwar kawunansu sun fara: Volkonsiy ya bar wa koyarwar, Mariya, ta riga ta tafi Odessa don numfasawa iska. A cikin Disamba 1825, Volkonsky ya ba da shi cikin kashinsu a Uman, ya ɗauki matarsa ta ɗauka ga gidan mahaifinta a Kiev, ya bar shi nan da nan.
Burin da Swidbrist ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1825 a kan majalisar dattijai na St. Petersburg, Mariya bai san komai ba. Da kyar ta jure ciki. A ranar 2 ga Janairu, 1826, dan Nicholas ya haifa haihuwa da kashewa a kan gadon asibiti na dogon lokaci.
Ta koyi game da kame mijinta kusa da bazara kuma nan da nan ta aika da wasika ga sansanin soja tare da niyyar raba shi, koda kuwa ya yi barazanar. Volkondky ya amsa hakan
"Ba ma son fatan cewa hakan zai faɗi irin wannan farin ciki."Katatga a Siberiya
An yanke wa Yuli na ranar 12 ga Yuli, 1826, a cewar shi, an yanke wa Prince na Volkonsky tsawon shekaru 20 na cortics 20 na Siberian cortics. Bayan da tunatarwa game da shi, Maria ta yi magana a wani bangare tare da taimako. Bayan duk, duk waɗannan watannin dole ne ta jure wa ariltukan azabtarwa tare da danginsa - mahaifinsa, mahaifiyar da ya girma, wanda ke matukar neman a kashe mace daga aure mai kunya, ya dage kan kisan aure.
Madayanawa sun boye daga labarai gimbiya, haruffa da aka daidaita, sun hana mijinta da danginsa. Amma Mariya, da ta tsira daga dukkan matsalolin, ya rubuta sarki ga Nikolai I, takarda kai don bin saƙo kuma su sami amsa tabbatacce. Barin wani ɗan shekara guda kohl a kan kula da suruki, maria volkonskaya tafi Siberiya. An yi masa alkawarin la'antar 'yarta ƙaunataccen' yarta, idan ba zai dawo shekara ba.
Matar ta zo wurin mena galibin, inda masana yaki suka yi aiki, 11 ga Fabrairu, 1827. Ganawa da mijinta ya dade da wahala a lokaci guda. Maryamu ta ga Sergey Grigorivich, a ɗaure a cikin maɓallan, kuma a cikin sha'awar da aka fara sumbaci guffuka, sannan nasa. Yaro a wannan lokacin gaba daya ya fāɗi cikin Ruhu kuma rashin lafiya da rashin lafiya. Zuwan matar sa ya inganta lafiyar sa.
Volkonskaya zauna a cikin wannan gida tare da matar da Catherine Trobeteskoy. Matan sati mai zafi ya gudana, mata sun jagoranci gona, koyon ajiyewa a kan komai. Maria Nololaevna ta karbi takara don rubuta haruffa don asalinsu.
A ƙarshen shekara, shugabannin biyu sun koma yaudara. A cikin sabuwar faɗar yankin da ba za ta canza mazajensu ba. A CITA, Maria Nikolayevna tana tsammanin ci gaba sau da yawa har sau ɗaya. Da farko, a cikin Maris 1828, Labarin mummunan ya fito ne daga St. Petersburg - surface-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-surukika ya ruwaito mata game da mutuwar gwiwoyinta. Mara da aka murƙushe Maryamu don kada ta shiga mahaukaci, ya tambayi sarki ya ba ta damar zama a wani m kusa da mijinta kuma ya karɓi izini.
A cikin 1829, sabon yajin aiki - mutuwar Uba. Kiwonsa ya kasance mai ƙarfi saboda abubuwan da suka faru da suka shafi Mariya, amma kafin ya yabi da 'yarta. Kuma da mutuwa, duba hoton da ya fi so, ya yarda da cewa "Maryamu ita ce mace mai ban sha'awa da ya sani." Mahaifiya, mallaki mai wuya, ba ta gafarta mata 'yarta, da kuma' yan'uwa sophia. Winkaya Sisters kawai dattijo 'yan matan Catherine da Elena.
A ranar 10 ga Yuli, 1830, Mariya ta haifi 'ya'ya sophia wadda ta mutu a ranar. Daga jihar da ba ta dace ba, matar ta fito ne da godiya kawai ga sabon motsi - a cikin man fetur. Anan, an ba da izinin yin rayuwa a kan sulhu tare da matansu a gidajen katako. Sai ɗan fari na volkonyky mikhail (1832) aka haife shi, da 'yar Nelhi (1834).
A cikin 1835, Sergei Grigorievich ya sami 'yanci daga kalanda aiki a kan lafiyar urik don zama kusa da garin Dr. Wolf, wanda Ayyukansu suka yi amfani da su akai-akai. Ma'auratan sun gina gidan rani "Kamachnik" a cikin Ust-Kudow, inda suka ɗauki baƙi ba baƙi ba.
A cikin urika, whabburists A. Sodahio, M. Lunin ya rayu. Dukansu manyan abokai ne na dangin volkonskyky kuma, an yi imanin cewa ya ji da Maryamu. Kuma idan na farko ya kasance cikin ƙauna tare da gimbiya, to, tsakanin hanyar da Volksonkaya, a cewar wasu masana tarihi, akwai alaƙar soyayya. Koyaya, Mariya Nikolaevers na bibraphers ya musanta wannan gaskiyar.
Da samun rayuwa a cikin shekaru 8, maria volkonskaya a 1845 da aka karɓi izini don matsawa zuwa irkutsk. Anan ta ayyana yara a cikin motsa jiki kuma ya shiga rayuwar duniya, ya fara ziyartar masu salon, kuma da sannu da da sannu da kanta bude ta, da kuma ta kasance da Gimbiya Tretskaya.
Sau ɗaya kusurwayen budurwa sun zama haɗari kuma sun cire juna. A ƙarshe, mata tayi ta hawa, ba tare da raba gida ba, a kan abin da aka ajiye duka idanu.
A wannan lokacin, lafiyar Mariya Nikolaevna Worstens. Kusan bai fito daga gida ba saboda harin da ke faruwa da shi a cikin sanyi. Yi sauri don tantance ƙaddara ta yara kuma a cikin 1850 ya auri 'yar Elena (Nelly) don Ofchanova na hukuma, duk da mummunan martani a cikin al'umma.
A cikin 1855, Alexander II ya koma ga kursiyin Rasha. Amnesty yana kusa da 1856, lokacin da 'yanci masana sashen Siberiya suka bar Siberiya. Gimbiya Maria ta bar dan kadan a baya saboda rauni lafiya kuma ya zauna a Moscow a cikin 'yarsa, da volkons ya isa can.
Mutuwa
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mace tana tafiya da yawa. An ba wa 'yar, da ya mutu a shekara ta 1857, ga diflomasiyya Nichoolas kochukey. Ya auri ɗanta a kan gimbiya Elizabetheth Volkonskaya, bikin auren ya faru a Geneva. Tunda ya ziyarci Rome a kan kabarin mahaifiya da 'yan'uwa Elena.
Maria Nopolaevna ta ɗanɗana bayan mutuwar jikan Alexander kuma ya mutu a shekara ta 1861, a cikin kashin suruki a cikin funnel (Lardin Chilensiv). Sergey Volkonson yana wannan kasashen waje, ya mutu, ya karye ta hanyar inna, a 1865.