Tari
Nehsaharlal nehru shugaban bauta ne a cikin 'yanci don' yancin kai na Indiya da kuma shahararren rayuwar siyasa da zamantakewa na kasar. Shugaban majalisar, wanda ya zama Firayim Minista na farko na jihar da aka yi shela, shi ne magajin al'adun gargajiya da siyasa da na siyasa da aka yi niyya a canjin mulkin mallaka.Yaro da matasa
An haifi JavaHarlal nehru a lardin Arewa masoya na mulkin mallaka a cikin watan Nuwamba, 1889. Uba Motraru ne lauya lauya mai arziki wanda ke nan da ke yankin Kashmir Pandicov, kuma ya ci gaba da zama shugaban Majalisar Wakilan Indiya. Mahaifiyar Savroup na Sibes na wakilan Caste, waɗanda ke kan yankin Pakistan.
Kasancewa babba a cikin iyali, Jawahai ya girma a cikin Allahabad ya girma a cikin Allahabad ya girma a cikin Allah Silaters - Viidzuhai Lakshmi, wanda ya zama shugabar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da marubucin Indiya Krishna Khoteving.
Naihru nehru nehru ya wuce cikin yanayin jituwa da kwanciyar hankali, amintaccen ta hanyar iyaye. Yaron ya yi nazarin shi a gida karkashin kulawar Governess da masu ilimi, nuna ikon kimiyya, an fi so therophy. Javahal ya karanta Karanta tarihin Hindu da kuma daliban Hindu, wanda ya ba da shawarar ci gaban hankali kuma daga baya ya nuna a cikin littafin "bude a kurkuku a 1944.
Abubuwan da suka faru na Rasha-Jafananci da kuma yakin Anglo-Board ya rinjayi samuwar ra'ayoyin matasa neur. Ya fara tunani game da 'yanci daga bautar Turai kuma ya zama mai goyon bayan Narym na kishin ƙasa. Bayan da tun, saurayin Burtaniya ya hadu da tarihin Giuseppy Readaban Taribaldi da ra'ayin da ke sane da gwagwarmaya don samun 'yanci.
A cikin 1907, Nehru ya shiga cikin kwalejin Camrridge a cikin kwarewar halitta, galibi na fara tattalin arziƙi da kimiyyar siyasa. Bayan ya karɓi digiri na farko, Jawaharlal ya koma London kuma ya shiga cikin haikalin gidan ibada, wanda aka ba shi izinin yin wani wuri a cikin allon shari'a.
Komawa ga kasarsa a lokacin bazara na 1912, Nehru ya zama mai tsaron ragar mulki a kotun Allabad, amma bai karbi nishaɗi daga aikin shari'a ba. Ya fara sha'awar yin sha'awar siyasa sosai kuma nan da nan ya zama memba na zaman shekara-shekara na Majalisa ta kasar Indiya, ta gudanar da shi a Passanes.
Siyasa
A shekara ta 1912, saurayin ya yarda ya yi aiki a jam'iyyun Mahatma Gandhi, wanda ya goyi bayan kungiyar da ke kasar "don hakkin dandano,", hakkin dan adam, ", ya dauki tarin kudaden da suka dace don ayyukan siyasa. Daga baya, Jawaharlal sun yi tsayayya da ayyukan da ke yi wa aikin Gwandan, amfani da aikin hayar da kuma wasu bayyanannun haƙurin nuna wariya wanda ke cikin 'yan Hindu a cikin mulkin mallaka na Ingilishi sun fuskanci.
A karshen yakin duniya na farko, nehru, wanda ke da ra'ayoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, da kuma tuntubi wakilai masu tsauri da kuma tuntubi na musayar kai.
A shekarar 1916, Jawafarlal ya zama sakatare na kungiyar da ake bukatar matsayin matsayin matsayin mulkin mallaka, kuma bayan shekaru 4, wani dan siyasa ya shugabanci motsi "domin hadin gwiwa." Irin wannan hukumomi sun azabtar da shi sosai saboda Neura da Neura da Taron Gwamnati.
Bayan 'yantar da Kurkuren Javahallal, yana neman tushe na alli'u da kuma karbar sadarwa tare da kungiyar kasashen waje don' yanci da dimokiradiyya. A shekarar 1927, an gayyaci mai gargaɗin dan kwallon Indiya game da jama'ar Belgian, wanda aka tsara don shirya gwagwarmaya da Parmisimism, jam'iyyar ta zababin ta shugaban jam'iyyar ta zabi.
Nehru ya zama daya daga cikin shugabannin farko da suka ro} uni kan yanke hukunci kan tsageran hulda karshe da daular Burtaniya. An yarda da shawararsa a cikin zaman Madrasian na Majalisa a 1927, duk da sukar Gandi. Masu fafutuka da ake nema daga Birtaniyya don ba da matsayin Mulki tsawon shekaru 2, idan rashin bin ka'idodin sunadarai, nehru barazanar da tarurrukan kasa da kuma tawaye.
Gwamnatin ta yi watsi da ikirarin da mulkin, kuma a shekarar 1929 a Lahore tare da babban tari na mutanen Nehore, Tirarrun Indiya, Tiradin Indiya, Tiradin Indiya ya ruwaito da kuma karanta ayyan 'yancin kai. Bayan haka, Javahallal ta kirkiri koyarwar siyasa da ake kira 'yancin addini, daidai yake da harsuna da al'adu, a hankali. na rashin hangen nesa, da kishin masana'antu da gurguzanci.
An zabe shi nehru a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar, kuma nan da nan dan siyasar Indiya na iya gane da yawa daga cikin dabarun da suka sanar da su. A cikin 1936, jadarallal ya tafi zuwa Turai, a lokacin Markermism ya dauke shi da kyau. Nazarin ka'idar wannan ka'idar wannan falsafa ta nehru na nehru a kurkuku, inda membobin kwamitin babban taron kwamitin da aka dasa.
A shekara ta 1947, inageriniya A ƙarshe, a ƙarshe, masarautar ta amince da samar da 'yancin kai na yankin Asiya ta Kudu, kuma nehru ta shugabanci gwamnatin kasar Indiya, ta zama Firayim Ministan farko na kasar nan kyauta. Mutuwar Mahatma Gandshi a ranar Janairu 30, 1948 ta zama mummunan bala'i na kasa da ta taimaka karfafa matsayin sabuwar gwamnatin. Majalisar ta yi sanadiyyar bayyana a matsayin baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki kuma ya hana jawaban maganganun 'yan kasida na dama, sun kama mutane dubu 200.
A shekarar 1952, jam'iyyar karkashin jagorancin Jawafasla ta karbi fifiko a zaben kuma ta samar da kansa tare da manyan matsayi na shekaru 10 masu zuwa. A cikin tattalin arziƙin, nehru ya ba da umarnin haɗakar da aka haɗa, wanda gwamnatin jihar ta kula da ita a kan wani gida tare da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.
Gudanar da hannun jari a masana'antar key, shugaban Majalisa ya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban ƙarfe, na ƙarfe, masana'antar makamashi. Duk da wannan, India ya ragu a bayan sauran kasashe saboda sarrafa jihar da tsari wanda ya hana ci gaban GDP. Gyawar aikin gona na nehror na nehru, da nufin sake fasalin kayan ƙasa, ya zama m.
A cikin Social Spere, ya fi: makarantu da cibiyoyin ilimi da suka yi yawa, inda yara daga matalauta ke iya yi. Gabatarwa da abinci mai gina jiki kyauta a makarantu da kuma bude cibiyoyin ilimi da cibiyoyin al'adu don manya ya ci nasara.
Jagorar India daga 1947 zuwa 1964, shugaban Majalisar ya sanya kasar babban jami'in kasashen duniya na kabilanci na duniya. A fagen wasan Ingila, Firayim Minista India ya zama sananne ga Paciguist da kuma kiyaye zaman lafiya a cikin yakin Cacar da kuma magana da matsakanci da rikice-rikice tsakanin ikon kwaminisanci da na Yammacin.
Abin takaici, nehru kasa gujewa rikici rikici a cikin ƙasarsa. Bayan harin sojojin kasar Sin zuwa yankin arewa maso gabas na India, kasar ta rasa wasu yankuna, kuma nehru sun soki karancin gwamnati don kare kai.
A lokacin rikici, Jawafarlal ya rubuta wasiƙu ga shugaban Amurka John Kenedy kuma ya nemi ya samar da jirgin sama don gudanar da tafiyar da yaki da maƙwabcin. Kasar Amurka ta ki, da kuma dangantaka tsakanin kasashen sun sanyaya. A wannan lokacin, Tarayyar Soviet ta zo ne ta taimakon Indiya, wacce ke da goyon bayan tattalin arziki ga matasa. Daga wannan lokacin ya dauki hanya don rapprocheci da kafa na siyasa, siyasa da jama'a, sun ci gaba da 'yar Firayim Minista na Indiya.
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin 1916, nehru ya auri wani saurayi mai suna Kamala Caul, kuma daga shekara guda, 'yar budurwa ta bayyana ga duniya, yayi kama da Uba. Javaharlal da gaske yana ƙaunar yarinyar da mafarkin, domin ta zama mai ƙarfi, wanda ya sami ilimi, wanda ya raba shi da ra'ayinsa game da tarihin da aka shirya a littafin ɓoye.
A cikin 1930s, Kamala ya samu tarin fuka da hagu a cikin Turai. Nehru ya ziyarci mata a Soliumum a Switzerland har mutuwa ta a 1936.
Bayan haka, wata mace ta bayyana a rayuwar mutum na Jagoran jihar mai zaman kanta, gwamnan Edwiteten. Dangantakar da ta ba da shaida a cikin tarihin tarihin Firayim Minista na Indiya.
Mutuwa
Bayan shekarar 1962, lafiyar Nehru ta fara lalata. Wasu masu bincike sun yi hulɗa da wahalar da Firayim Minista tare da samun gogewa game da sakamakon yakin Sino-India, wanda ya ɗauki cin amana.
A ranar 26 ga Mayu, 1964, jadarlallal ya ji ciwo a baya a baya kuma ya juya ga likitoci. Bayyana bayyanar cututtuka, siyasa ta lalace a baya kuma a baya bayan haka daga baya ta mutu. Dalilin mutuwar nehru, masana sun yi kirgawa ba zato ba tsammani suna faruwa a bugun zuciya.
Bayan bikin gargajiya, an lullube jikin Firayim Minista a tutar Indian India kuma an saka shi don kowa ya sake bita. A ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1964, ya bushe bisa ka'idojin Hindu a cikin Voline Vacle, kuma ƙura da aka ba Kogin a kogin Jamus.
A ranar haihuwar manufar ta zama hutun Indiya na kasa, wacce aka sani da ranar kariya ta yara, kuma ana bayar da sunan Nehru da yawa a gaban al'adu a duniya. A cikin gidan da mallakar shugaban Jagoran, kai tsaye bayan mutuwa ta bude gidan farko, kuma a cikin 'yan shekaru an shigar da abin tunawa a cikin Deli.
Littafi daya
- 1928 - Russia Soviet
- 1928 - "Haruffa daga mahaifinta zuwa '
- 1935 - "Autoography"
- 1944 - "budewar India"
- 1949 - "Dubi tarihin duniya"