Tarihi
Harshen hali Nikolai Gougol "Shinel". Matalauta ma'aikaci na Petersburg a cikin Matsayin Mai ba da shawara mai ba da shawara. Oraramin mutum, abu na ba'a na dindindin a ɓangaren abokan aiki. A ƙarshe, saboda talauci da mai da'awa, mutu kuma ya zama fatalwa.Tarihin halitta
"Shin, an haɗa Shinel" a cikin "sake zagayowar Nikolai Gogol. An buga labarin a ƙarshen 1842 a matsayin wani ɓangare na kashi na uku na tarin tarin ayyukan yana aiki. Joke shi ne nazarin don ƙirƙirar labarin Gogol, wanda ya yi tafiya a tsakanin ma'aikatan tashar - game da matalauta da su kwafa kuɗi don siyan bindiga, sannan suka rasa siyan.
An san cewa a cikin 1839, Gogol ya riga ya haifar da aiki akan wani labari, inda aka game da wani jami'in da ya saci rigarta. An adana abubuwan da aka fifita shi daga farkon sigar da aka adana, a kan wanda ya gabata a farko littafin ya fi ban dariya fiye da karshe, sane ofishin edita.
Yi aiki a kan labarin ya faɗi lokacin da marubucin ya tafi ƙasar waje. Shekarar da rabi, Gogol ya yi aiki a Italiya da Austria da a wannan lokacin ya dawo aiki akan rubutun sau uku, amma bai taɓa kawo ƙarshen batun ba. A cikin bazara na 1841, marubucin har yanzu marubucin ya gama aikin a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga mai shela. A lokaci guda, Gogol yayi aiki a kan sauran yanayi da kuma salon rubutu game da Italiya kuma, wataƙila, wannan aikin yana da sha'awa.
A cikin farkon sigogin labarin, an sanya babban halaye Akaki Tishkevich. Daga baya, marubucin ya maye gurbin sunan gwarzon gwarzo ya zama Bashmakevich. Halin da rubutu ya kuma canza lokacin da lokaci, da kiba ya ragu da labarin, amma akwai mafi m da parthies. A wancan lokacin, taken wani "karamin mutum", wani jami'in mashahuri ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, saboda haka, bai kula da Gogol ba.
Bayan buga farko na 1842, an sake buga rubutun. Koyaya, daga baya tasirin labarin game da marubutan lardin da marigayi karni na marizo aka tantance. Gogol ya soki tsarin zamantakewa a lokacin da kuma tsarin zamantakewa yayin da halaye na mutum yana nufin wadanda suka kewaye shi daidai da Tabel game da sahun. Masu sukar Yammacin Turai sun gani a cikin labarin Gogol mai yawa da yawa tare da litattafan asiri na Ernst Theodore Hoffman.
Marubucin Vladimir Nabokov ya kwashe layi tsakanin "Chinel" na Gogol da kuma Tashar Pranz Kafka "canzawa". Wani mai tawali'u ne, mai tawali'u ne kuma ya zama tarko da wasu, a cikin labarin Gogol ya tsere daga kwasfa'in ma'aikaci kuma ya juya zuwa wani fatalwa. Grotesque da aka nuna ta Grotesque da Inhuman.
"Shinel"
Akaki Bashmmkin yana zaune a St. Petersburg kuma yana aiki a cikin matsayin mai ba da shawara. Bashmachkin karami ne kuma mai ban sha'awa wanda yake ƙaunar aikin yau da kullun, musamman da hannu sake rubuta takarda. Jami'in gwarzo ya cika aikin, amma rawar da ke cikin sashen ya taka leda. Bashmachkin ya sami albashin benci kuma a koyaushe yana iya zama abin ba'a ga ma'aikata matasa.
Kudaden shiga ba su ba wa jarumin koda samar da kansu da tufafi. Bashmackin yana ɗaukar tsohuwar Chinel, wanda da zarar bindiga a ƙarshe. Jarumi nasa ne na tsabar kudin T -og, amma ya ce ba shi da amfani don facin waɗannan rogs, Chinel ya kamata a sewn sababbi.
Bashmushkin yana ƙoƙarin ajiye da kuma shirya kuɗi don dinka sabon sheel. Hero na tsaye don ba da rigunan don wanke wanki da tafiya a gida a cikin rigar wanka don suturar su da maraice kuma suna haskaka dakin da kyandir, yunwa. Ya zo ga ban dariya ne - saboda bayanan kula ba su da sanye da shi, bashmachkin an yarda da su yi tafiya akan tiptoe.
Ta hanyar hutu, an ba da gwarzo kyautar, kuma ta juya ya zama isasshe saboda ku iya zuwa da sayi kayan don overcoat na nan gaba. Ana yin mafarkin gwarzo, kuma sau ɗaya da safe, alfahari, Bashmachkin ya zo zuwa sashen a cikin sabon tufafi. Abokan hulɗa da sabon Chinel suna yaba wa gwarzo tare da sayan, da kuma da maraice suna gayyata zuwa wurin suna zuwa ɗaya daga cikin ma'aikata.
Hero na zaune cikin kyakkyawan yanayi, amma a latti da yamma, lokacin da Bashmachkin ya dawo bayan wani suna gida, wasu maharan sun cire kakar daga gare shi. Apartment Apartby Bashmachku ya ba da sanarwar 'yan sanda. Jarumi ya tafi nan gobe, amma wannan ba ya haifar da komai. Dole ne mu je aiki a cikin sashen a cikin tsohuwar tsummoki.
Abokan aiki suna shiga cikin abokan aiki da tausayi kuma ba da shawara kada su bar wannan yanayin kuma su nemi taimako daga wani mutum mai tasiri. Duk da haka, Mr. wanda gwarzo ya bada shawarar, kawai ya haskaka a kan Bashmachkina kuma bai taimaka ba.
Tafiya a St. Petersburg a cikin tsohuwar abin da aka yi overcoat a cikin iska da sanyi, bashmackin ya mutu. Ee, ba a murmure ba. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, gwarzo ya mutu, da fatalwa ta bayyana a cikin garin. Ya yi kama da wannan fatalwar a matsayin babban jami'in da ya zama zane da wucewa da 'yan ƙasa da tsabar kudi, da sutura, da riguna.
Fatalwar ba ta zargi wani lokaci ba, kuma wasu da suka san Bashmachkina a lokacin rayuwarsa a cikin mummunan hero. Da zarar fatalwar ta hadu da wannan mai ban sha'awa da ya ƙi taimaka wa Bashmakku a lokacin rayuwarsa, tare da kuka ya tafi daga wancan mutanen da bayan haka ba su bayyana ba. Matsayi na zamani na gwarzo game da wannan iyakar.
Ana fassara sunan AKaki "daga Girkanci na nufin" tawali'u, ba yin sharri ba, "kuma wannan ya yi daidai da halin gwarzo. Bashmushkin mutum ne na shekaru hamsin wanda ke bayyanar da ba daidai ba. Low da kuma m, m, tare da ripple wrinkled fuska, a cikin tsohuwar tsagewa da aka hada.
Jarumi ba ta da Rhode, ko magada ko kuma gidajen kanta. Bashmachkin ya harbi wani ɗaki daga wata tsohuwa a cikin talauci a yankin. Jarumai ba ta da damar iyawa ko baiwa, kawai amfani da Bashmachkina ne mai ba da izini. Hatta magana shine gwarzo na amarya da rikicewa. A saboda wannan dalili, gwarzon na har abada ya nemi sake rubuta takarda kuma bai yi aiki ba.
Bashmachkin ya yi aiki a Sashen duk rayuwarsa kuma ba shi da wasu abubuwan sha'awa. Ko da a gida a cikin lokacinsa, gwarzo ya shiga cikin rubutun, bai taba nishadi ba, bai kasance yana ba da lokaci a cikin kamfanin ba kuma ba ma fita a cikin maraice zuwa titi. Nau'in nau'in mahaukaci na tsokanar da ba'a da ba'a ba kawai abokan aikina ba, har ma da waje. A lokaci guda, halayyar ta yi farin ciki da ransa kuma ya kasance kadan ba da kulawa ga abin da ke faruwa.
Garkuwa
Fim na farko "Sineli" ya kai ga USSR a cikin 1926. Yanayin wannan fim da farin riguna guda biyu da aka samar da labaru biyu na bogol - da "Shinel" da "Shinvsky Prospect". Aikin Akakia Bashmachina Playeror Andrei Kostrichkin.
A cikin 1952, fim ɗin "il Cappoto" ("Shinel") Alberto Lattada ya fito a Italiya. Wannan fassarar kyauta ce ta tatsuniya ce, inda arewacin Italiya ta zama wurin aiki, da kuma lokacin shekaru 30 na karni na ashirin. Aikin babban halayyar ana yin su ta hanyar actor Renato Rashil.
Halin yana ɗaukar sunan Carmine de Carmine kuma yana zama kamar wata birni inda yake karɓar tsarin albashi. Jarumi yana buƙatar sabon mayafi, amma babu kuɗin da za a saya. A karamin m, gwarzo ya ba da umarnin mayafin ya koma hutu don girmama sabuwar shekara. A kan hanyar gida, 'yan fashi sun kai wa sojojin' yan fashi da suka cire mayafinsa. Kewaye da ke kewaye da carmine don taimako, kuma ya mutu daga baƙin ciki.
An buga fim na gaba a cikin 1954 a Burtaniya da ake kira "farkawa". Wannan gajeriyar fim ne, inda aka buga babban rawar ta Ditst ɗin ta Kitst din ta canza, kuma ana canza labarin sosai. Daraktan ya hada da rubutun musabbai ga Anniespia "1984" George Orwell.
A cikin 1959, wani fim ɗin Soviet tare da Roland Bykov.