Tari
Margaret Mitchell marubuci ne, wanda shaharar duniya ta kawo wa littafin Nadowa "Game da iska". An fara buga littafin a shekarar 1936. An canza ta zuwa harsuna daban-daban da kuma sake komawa sama da sau 100. Ana kiran aikin sau da yawa "littafin karni", saboda cikin yuwuwar Roman har ma a 2014 ya fi ƙarfin sauran rubuce-rubucen sayarwa.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Mugaret Mitchell a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1900 a Atlanta, Georgia, a cikin amintattu da iyali. Ta kasance wani kunama ne a kan alamar zodiac da Irish ta kasa. Kakannin Mitchell a layin mahaifin ya koma Amurka daga Ireland, da dangi daga mahaifiyar mahaifiyar ta koma wani sabon wurin zama daga Faransa. Kuma waɗancan kuma waɗanda suka yi don Kudu a lokacin yakin basasa na 1861-1865.
Yarinyar tana da ɗan'uwan tsohuwar ɗan uwanta mai suna Istafanus (Stephen). Uban ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya da kuma gudanar da batun da ya danganta da dukiya. Eugene Mitchell ya yi iyali na shiga cikin nasara. Yana da kyakkyawan ilimi, shi ne shugaban al'umman tarihi da kuma matasan da ya yi mata mafarkin ya zama marubuci. Ya daukaka yara game da magabata da abubuwan da suka gabata, galibi suna magana ne game da abubuwan da suka faru na yakin basasa.
Ba shi yiwuwa a yi rashin cikakken daraja da ƙoƙarin uwa. Ta ji wa ɗalibai da ma'ana, ta ji wata babbar wata mace, wacce ke gabanin zamanin. Maria Isabella na cikin waɗanda suka kafa kamfen don haƙƙin ƙarfafawa na mata suka kunshi ƙungiyar Katolika. Matar ta ba 'yarsa mai kyau kuma ya umurce tafarki madaidaici. Margaret na son sinima, litattafan kasada, hawa hawa da hawa kan bishiyoyi. Kodayake yarinyar da ta yi daidai a cikin al'umma kuma daidai dancing.
A cikin shekarun makarantar, Mitchell ya rubuta wasan don wasan kwaikwayo na ɗalibi Mug. Bayan haka, kasancewa ɗalibin Saminar Seminy na Washington, ya halarci sojojin Philharmonic a Atlanta. A nan ta zama Mahalicci da shugaban kulob din mai ban mamaki. Baya ga batun batun, Margaret na sha'awar aikin jarida. Ta kasance editan na makarantar sakandare "gaskiya da rudu," kuma sun gudanar da gidan Shugaba na Washington Autural jama'a.
Yana da shekara 18 Margaret Mitchell ya hadu da Henry Clifford, ɗan York na 22 shekaru. Saduwa ya faru ne a rawa sannan ya ba da fatan ci gaban dangantaka, amma Henry dole ne ya shiga gaban shiga yaƙe-yaƙe na yakin duniya na farko a Faransa. Margaret ya shiga cikin kwalejin smith a Norshampton, a cikin Massachusetts. A cikin wannan cibiyar ilimi, ta yi nazarin ilimin halayyar dan adam da falsafa.
A cikin 1918, Margaret ya koyi game da mutuwar ango. Tadakinta ya ninka lokacin da labarin ya faru game da gaskiyar cewa mahaifiyar ta mutu daga cutar mura. Yarinyar ta dawo wurin Atlant don taimakawa mahaifinsa, ya zama sarauniyar ƙasa kuma ta shiga cikin kula da su. A cikin tarihin rayuwar Mitchell, labarin scarlett O'hara shi ne bayyane. Margaret babban ƙarfin zuciya ne, marassa ƙarfi da wayo. A shekarar 1922, ta zama mai ba da rahoto game da batun Atlata na Atlata, ga wanda asalin rubutun ya rubuta.
Littattafai
"Wanke" - Roman wanda ya kawo darajar Margaret Mitchell. A cikin 1926, marubucin ya barke da gwiwoyi kuma ya daina yin aiki tare da mujallar da ya yi aiki. Aiki mai 'yanci ya yi wahayi zuwa gare ta, duk da cewa ya rubuta shi ba shi da ma'ana. Kasancewa ta kudu, Margaret ta haifar da wani labari game da abubuwan da suka faru na yakin basasa, tantance su daga nasa, yanayin zangon nasa.
Amma mitchell ya kasance mai jan hankali ga abubuwan tarihi kuma ya danganta ne da kwatancen a kan tushen kafofin. Harya ta dauki wata hira da tsoffin mahalarta mahalarta. Bayan haka, marubucin ya ce da haruffan littafin ba su da ainihin sahihanci. Amma, da sanin abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan sofringers, fahimtar ɗabi'u da fasali na zamanin da, mitchell ya ba da babban gwarzon halaye da halaye. Alamar Amurka ita ce mace ba mafi yawan kyawawan dabi'u ba.
Margaret a hankali ya yi aiki kowace babi. A cewar almara, na farkon yana da bambance-bambancen 60 daban-daban da kuma zane. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Da farko, marubucin ya kira pansy kuma kafin ya ba da rubutun ga mai shela, canza tunaninsa, yana gyara sunan scarlett.
Littafin ya ba da wani mai buga hoto a 1936. Bayan shekara guda, Margaret Mitchelell ya zama mai mallakar kyautar Pulitzer. Tun daga ranakun farko, ƙididdigar tallace-tallace Rom din ta girgiza. A cikin watanni 6 na farko, ana rarraba wurare dabam dabam da yawa a yau. A yau, an sayar da littafin ne a kofen deban 250 a kowace shekara. Ana fassara aikin cikin yaruka 277 kawai a Amurka an sake buga fiye da sau 70.
'Yancin da aka sayar da hukuncin da aka sayar akan $ 50, kuma wannan adadin littafi ne. A shekara ta 1939, Victor Ficiging fim a kan Roman Mitchell da aka saki kan allo. Ya samu 8 gumata "Oscar". Matsar da Relta Bassler kashe clank gable, da Scarlett Play Vivien Lee.
Dan wasan yana neman babban aiki na shekaru 2 kuma sun amince da mai aiwatarwa kawai wanda ya yiwa kokarinsa wanda ya tunatar da darakta zuwa matashin Margaret. Shahararren Scarlett ya karu bayan farkon tef. A kan shelves na shagunan, ladies 'yaron a cikin salon jarfa ya bayyana.
Margaret Mitchell faske flated don ƙirƙirar ci gaba da labari. Haka kuma, ta koyar bayan mutuwa ta halaka wasu ayyukan da suka yi, saboda haka ba shi yiwuwa a kammala littafi littafi-fili a yau. Idan cigaban labarin scarlett ya wanzu, mai karatu bai san hakan ba. Sauran rubuce-rubucen a ƙarƙashin sunan marubucin ba a buga ba.
Rayuwar sirri
Margaret Mitchell ya auri sau biyu. Mijinta na farko shi ne mai ba da haramtaccen mai ba da izini, mutumin da ba a ba shi izini ba na launin ruwan kasa na Berrien Kinnard apshude. Burin da izgili na matar da aka baiwa yarinyar ta fahimci cewa ta yi zabi ba daidai ba.
A shekarar 1925, mitchell ya sake shi kuma ya auri John Marsha, wakili mai inshora. Yana da m cewa matasa sun saba da daga 1921 kuma sun shirya alkawari. Kambiyoyinsu sun riga sun saba, kuma an bayyana ranar bikin aure. Amma raptact Margaret yayi kafada da rayuwar ta.
John ya nace cewa Margaret bar aikin mai rahoto, da kuma dangi sun zauna a kan titi. Akwai tsohon dan jarida kuma ya fara rubuta littafi. Mijin ya nuna abubuwan al'ajabi da haƙuri. Ya manta game da kishi kuma ya raba bukatun matar. Margaret ta rinjayi Margaret don kada Margaret ba don jama'a ba, amma saboda jin daɗinsa, saboda zama matar aure, mitchel sau da yawa gogewa saboda rashin wani muhimmin aiki.
Karatun karatu mai sauƙin tunani ya ɓace. A cikin 1926, mitchell ya karbi rubutun rubutu daga matansa. Yahaya ya goyi bayan matarsa cikin komai. Komawa daga aiki, ya karanta abin da aka rubuta da ita, ya taimaka wajen tunanin makircin cututtukan da aka samu da karo, da aka gabatar da groads kuma suna neman asalin tushensu don bayyana zamanin.
Wuraren da aka kawo marubucin a duniya, amma daukaka ta faɗi akan Mitchel ya zama mai babban nauyi. Ba ta son kulawa mai karfi kuma ba ta je farkon sinima a littafinsa ba. An gayyaci Margaret zuwa jami'o'i don karanta laccoci, hotunanta sun bayyana ko'ina, an nemi 'yan jaridu ta hanyar neman wata hira.
Haihuwa a wannan lokacin, John Marsh ya karba. Mijin marubucin ya goyi bayan wasiƙun tare da masu shelar da kuma batutuwan kuɗi na kuɗi. Ya sadaukar da kansa ga abin da kansa ya samu kansa. Matar ta kiyasta ft, don haka sabon labari "Wurin da iska ta kasance" ta sadaukar da kai ga ƙaunataccen mutum Margaret Mitchell.
Mutuwa
Margaret ya mutu a ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1949. Dalilin mutuwa ya kasance hatsarin zirga-zirga. An harba ta da motar, tuki direba mai maye. Sakamakon hadarin, marubucin bai taɓa shiga ba. An binne mace a Atlanta, a Kabarin Oakland. Mugaret Mitchell ya rayu bayan mutuwarta shekaru 3.
A cikin tunawa da marubucin, annabes da yawa sun kasance, fim ɗin "ƙwararrun so: Labarin Margaret Mitchell", kwatanta tarihin rayuwar mace, hoto, hira da kuma labari mara kyau.
A cikin 1991, Alexander Stroley saki wani littafi da ake kira mullett, wanda ya zama babban ci gaba na "wayan iska". Gabatarwar littafin Magana tayi zuga sabon motsi na sha'awa a cikin aikin Margaret Mitchell.
Faɗa
"Ba zan yi tunani game da shi ba yau, zan yi tunanin shi gobe" "Idan mace ba zata iya yin kuka ba," "" Hannun "" "" "Littafi daya
- 1936 - "Wurin iska"