Tari
Ayyukan Raphael Sabatini zai jagoranci mai karatu a cikin duniyar kasada mai ban mamaki, Kasadar mai ban mamaki, faɗakarwa masu tausayawa da ƙauna mai so. An haifi aikin marubucin a matsayin mai ban sha'awa sha'awa, da kuma sanin ya shiga balaga lokacin da ya riga ya sami goguwa a hankali. Marubucin ya rubuta fiye da misalai 50 da labari, amma shahararrun "Oddysey na kyaftin blady da kuma dukiyar da ke nuna ban dariya.Yaro da matasa
An haife Rafael Sabatini ne a ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 1875 a cikin birnin Yezi, Italiya. Mahaifiyar - Italiyanci vircyzo Sabatini Sabatini, Uwar - Anna Trafford Ingilishi 'yar Turanci. Duk iyayen biyu sun shahararren Opera Solo na Opra (mai goma da SOPRANO), kuma ya shafa da yawa. A wannan lokacin, yaron ya girma a cikin mahaifar mahaifiyar - a gida kakaninki, a cikin ƙaramin ƙauyen a Liverpool.
A sarki ya dace da ƙauyen Ingilishi daidai yana da ci gaban kai, kuma saurayin ya sanya cikin karatun littattafai, inganta ilimin harshen Ingilishi ban da asalin ƙasar Italiyanci. A lokacin da iyayen Rafael suka kammala aikin waka kuma suka zauna a tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar bude makarantarsu, sai ya tafi Portugal. Anan na yi karatu a cikin makarantar Katolika, zuwa sanin ilimin Portuguese. Cikakken iyayen Ilimi sun aiko danta zuwa Switzerland, inda aka ƙara Faransanci da na Jamusanci ga sanin polyglot.
Balaguro da sanin yaren Turai 5, Sabatini ya koma Ingila (Liverpool) kuma ya fara aikin ɗan kasuwa. Ya shiga cikin hidimar kamfanin kasuwanci, inda ya mamaye overaw na ƙasashen waje tare da abokan aiki. Amma wannan aikin yana da saurayi. Daga duniyar ban sha'awa game da haruffa na kasuwanci da kuma bayyana-bayyanai, an kusantar da shi zuwa gaskiyar rubuce-rubucensa da soyayya.
Littattafai
Rafael Sabatini ya fara rubutu a ƙarshen 1890s. Kuma tuni a cikin 1902, littafin farko "Fansan wasan IVonna" sun bayyana. Bayan shekaru 2, daga karkashin alkalami na marubucin, littafin tarihin "ya fito, ya faɗi game da gwagwarmayar Oliver Cromwell, ya bayyana a kan asalin karni na XVII. Wannan aikin ya kawo sabatini farkon nasara. Marubucin ya kammala yarjejeniya tare da mai buga wasa kuma ya bar aikin da aka so a cikin kasuwanci.
A cikin 1905, Sabatini ya yi aure, ya koma London kuma kusa da ayyukan rubutu. A cikin 1910, ya rubuta da yawa ayyuka da yawa tare da tarihin rayuwar dan wasan da ya fice - Cesear Bordijia. Wannan halin na tarihi ya bayyana a cikin litattafan litattafan "Kotun Duke" da "Rayuwar Cesare Bathjia", "Banner Bull" (1912).
A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, Sabatini ya koma wajen fassara ayyukan a karkashin Auspices na Ingila na Ingila. Amma ba ya jefa filin rubutu. Yin watsi da taken fadar fadar, marubucin yana cikin batutuwa masu wahala. Wannan ita ce gwarzo na littafinsa "Marine Hawk" (1915) - Motsa Oliverman, wanda zai kasance mai cin amanar ƙauna, ya zama mai tsoratar da tsoratarwa a kan lakabi da aka yi wa lakabi da aka yi wa lakabi (teku hawk).
Yayin da masu karatu suka ji daɗin sabon rubutun marubucin ƙaunataccen marubucin, sabatini ya dauki aiki na gaba. Tunanin rubuta "labarai na labarai" (1917) ya zo yayin aiki a kan takardun tarihi. Binciken abubuwan da suka faru na shekarun da suka gabata, marubucin ya akai-akai tuntuɓar aibobi, m da ba a yarda da su ba, ƙarni na ƙarshe tare da karamin rabo na fassarar marubucin. A sakamakon haka, aka samu aikin 2-girma a cikin galibin litattafan tarihi.
A cikin shekaru goma na farko na sabuwar karni, sunan sabbinatini tuni sanannu ne ga masu bashin British. Amma apogee na marubucin marubucin ya kai a 20s. Dalilin shi ne fitarwa na masu ba da biyu - Nomans "ScaraAMSH" (1921) da "Okyshin Crimey Wadi" (1922).
Aikin farko yana gabatar da mai karatu tare da abubuwan juyin juya halin Faransawa, da kuma rayuwar wani ɗan ƙaramin lauya, an tilasta wajan yaƙi da abokan gabansa a ƙarƙashin abin ban sha'awa.
A cikin aikin a kan "odyssey ..." Sabatini ya koma taken da aka fi so. A wannan lokacin mai magana shi ne maigidansa Peter Blad, wani bachelor da magani da tsohon soja. Bayan zargin taskokin jihar, an yanke shi da jini a rataye, amma maimakon kisan ya sayar wa bayi a Yammacin Indiya, daga inda ya fara fushinsa na kwantar da hankali a cikin raƙuman ruwa na Caribbean.
An yi imanin cewa ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da kyaftin face shine almara harshen fashin fashin gigice na karni na XVII Henry Morgan. Koyaya, a bayyane yake cewa marubucin ya ɗauki tushen babban adadin mutum-kawai na wannan mutumin, kammala a cikin fasahar aikin jirgin sama, amma ba m mugunta da rashin tausayi. Hero na Sabatini mutum ne na girmamawa da aminci ga alkawarinsa, kuma a cikin zuciyarsa ta gaske soyayya, wanda a ƙarshe ya kai ga rayuwa cikin kwanciyar hankali.
Kyaftin din Odyssey Blad "ya kasance a tsawo na masu karatu. An kuma nemi masu buga labarai a kammala yarjejeniya don sake bugawa. Aikin ya fara fassara zuwa wasu yarukan. Irin wannan farin ciki mai dadi ya sa marubucin ya ci gaba. Don haka aka haɗa littattafai guda 2 da aka haɗa a cikin Trilogy: "Charfa na kyaftin Blad" (1931) da "Luck Capta Blud" (1936).
Littattafai na uku ya fito bayan allon littafin a 1935. Figuraren Babban Daraktan American Michael CartIzz, babban aikin fim ɗin ya buga taurari na Hollywood Ergol Flynn kuma Olivia de Haviland wasa a cikin fim.
Hakanan a kan kalaman nasara "pirated taken", Sabatini ya rubuta littafin labari "Black Swan", wanda ke kewaye Henry Morgan da kasada kai tsaye. A ƙarshen 30s, marubucin ya rubuta litattafan litattafan "na Venetian Mashin" (1934) da "takobin Islama" (1939). A 1940, cutar ta sanya sabonatini slow saukar da kirkirar tsari, kodayake ya rubuta da yawa ayyuka a wannan lokacin. Ofayansu shine labari "Columbus" (1941) game da rayuwar babban dalauka. Labari na ƙarshe a cikin Jagora littafi na Bangar tarihi, "mai kunnawa," ya ga haske a 1949.
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin 1905, Rafael Sabatini ya auri 'yar babbar' yar Liverpool - Ruth Dickson. Sonan an haifi ɗan Rafael Angelo a kan lakabi da ake kira binkes. A cikin 1927, mutumin da ya mutu cikin haɗari: sun je sabon motar tare da mahaifiyar, wacce saurayin ya sami kyauta daga iyayensa don ƙarshen makarantar. Ruth, wanda ya jefa daga motar, wanda ya tsira daga cikin motar, kuma mutumin ya mutu daga raunin da ya ji rauni.
Mutuwar kawai dan wanda ya ba da marubucin cikin matsanancin rashin damuwa, a kan wanda aka sake shi wanda aka sake shi a 1931. Marubuci mara izini ya bar London kuma ya zauna a Clifford, ya sayi ƙaramin gidan farin ciki a bakin tafkin. Anan, a bayan aikin da kuma yin shuru a cikin kamun kifi, ya juya lokaci, sannu a hankali warkar daga bege.
Sabuwar tide da mahimman marubucin da ke da matukar muhimmanci ya ji bayan canji a rayuwar kansa: A shekarar 1935 ya yi aure da Christine Dixon, karbe ta da dan Lancelota a matsayin ɗan ƙasa.
Koyaya, dutsen baƙon ya zama kamar yana tsananta wa marubucin. A cikin 1940, Lancelot, wanda ya karbi hadadden jirgin sama na Burtaniya, ya kasu kashi a gaban Sabatini da matar sa, suna yin rawar gidansu a Clifford. Hakan ya sake kasancewa, sake, a ranar mutuwar binkes. Dalilan bautar da jirgin sama ba su fayyace.
Mutuwa
Auren Christine, marubucin kowane hunturu ya fara hawa swiss yada Swiss Adielboden - Gudawa. A cikin watan Janairun 1950, suna da matarsa, kamar yadda aka saba, sun tafi tafiya da daɗewa, sun riga sabbin Marai sun yi rauni sosai. Yarjejeniyar asarar yara ba za su iya shafar lafiyar sa ba. Kusan duk lokacin da marubucin ya yi a gado, kuma a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 1950, Sabatini ya mutu.
An binne shi masanin tarihin marubucin tarihi a ƙaunataccen ƙaunataccen. Kabarinsa an yi masa ado ba mai daukar hoto, amma kyakkyawan abin tunawa, wanda aka yi ta hannun matan Christina ya yi. Sabatini ana nuna ya faɗi, fuska, hannunsa yana ɗaukar rike, da amincin da ya kirkira.
Littafi daya
- 1902 - "Ivonna Fans"
- 1904 - "Knight Shoverns"
- 1906 - "Bardellis mai girma"
- 1911 - "Kotun Derzago"
- 1912 - "Rayuwar Cesare"
- 1915 - "Sea Sha"
- 1917 - "Daren tarihi"
- 1921 - SkaraAMush
- 1922 - "Oddesey Kyaftin Blad"
- 1931 - "Charfa na Kyaftin Blad"
- 1932 - "Black Swan"
- 1934 - "Magajin ciki"
- 1936 - "LUCK CABRANSHE BLAD"
- 1939 - "takobin Islama"
- 1941 - "Columbus"
- 1949 - "Player"