Tari
Heinrich ya yi wani mawaki na Jamus, wanda aikinsa misali ne na zamanin soyayya a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Masana'antu da mai sukar, ya rufe matsalolin zamani a cikin haske da m. Bayan shekaru, mafi kyawun tsarin da aka kirkira kiɗa don waƙoƙin waƙoƙi kuma suna sane da aikin heine tare da karin waƙoƙi.Yaro da matasa
Cikakken sunan marubucin shi ne Kiristoci Johenrich ya yi ihu. Yaron da aka haife shi ne a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1797 a cikin Dusseldorf a cikin dangin Yahudawa kuma ne babba yara 4. Mahaifin Heine, Samson, Kasuwanci masana'antu a yankin Rhine. Mahaifiyar Betty sun dauka yara, amma sha'awar ayyukan Jean-jacques rousseau kuma ya nuna mafi girma samarwa. Tana ƙaunar ɗanta kuma tana kula da makomar yaron. Betty ya ga lauya, bada kudi ko janar, amma makomar Heinear ya bambanta.
Shekarun yara na yaron ya faɗi akan lokacin Faransa na Faransa. A wannan lokacin, m sassaucin ra'ayi ya buɗe a Turai, da kuma yanayin salon da aka samo a cikin hanyar binciken mutum na kirki. Yana da shekara 13, Heinrich ya shiga cikin Lycum. A cikin 16, ya zama mataimaki a ofishin Banner na Frankfurt na Frankfurt, amma ya tsere, tunda wannan filin aiki ba shi da sha'awarsa. Sai iyayen suka aika da ɗan'uwan nan zuwa Hamburg, inda mutumin ya fahimce shi na ɗan kasuwa na maƙiyan kawun zai lura da rashin tsaro.
A cikin 1818, Henry ya sanya mulkin karamin kamfani. Ya kasa kasawa, ba ma'ana a lissafin asusun. A lokaci guda, ya fara sadarwa tare da dangin mahaifiyarsa. Uncle Siman Geldern ya fahimci cewa ba za a sake dan kasuwa daga dan uwan ba, kuma ba ya goyi bayan shi a cikin sha'awar shiga Jami'ar Bonn. Heinrich ya je wa ilimin jin kai, karanta daga ayyukan Cervantes da sauri kuma ba su tunanin rayuwa ba tare da litattafai ba. Ya kuma yi sha'awar labarin wani abu, wanda aka bayyana a rubuce-rubucen ya kirkiro daga baya.
Heine ya shiga cikin karfin Jami'ar Bonn, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka tura shi Jami'ar Göttingen. Bayan shekara guda, tare da kadan saboda dempe, an cire Henry. Shekarunsa daliban sun yi alama da kitsens da Kasadar, amma saurayin bai manta da sha'awar ƙwararrun kimiyya ba. A cikin 1821, ya zama dalibi na Jami'ar Berlin.
Guy ya halarci salon salama kuma ya saba da littafin tarihin Jamus. A cikin Jami'ar Heine, ya saurari kan falsafar addini daga George Hegel, labaru daga watan Agusta na Schlegel. Wadannan Jagoran sun jawo ra'ayoyin sa. Kariyar da aka yi wa ɗalibin da aka yi wa dalibin götingen.
A cikin 1825, ya sami taken likita. Don samun difloma, wanda aka tilasta wa ya karbi Lutheraniyawa, tunda Yahudawa ba za su sami takaddar da ta dace ba. Amma bai nuna cewa ra'ayin sa ya ba da ra'ayin sa ba.
Asalin Heine ya jawo abubuwa da yawa a cikin ransa. Ya kalli, kamar yadda Yahudawa suka sami hakki hakki a lokacin aikin Faransa, maimakon da a baya. Bayan haka, bayan bayyanar sojojin Prussia a yankin Rhine yankin, komai ya dawo da'irori, da umarni na shirya, da umarni na ofisoshin sun ƙi wurin. A daidaici na Yahudawa, da aka fara lokacin Napolohera, aka kuma bayyana shi a cikin waƙoƙin da yake sha.
Halitta
Ayyukan farko na yau da kullun, da aka buga yayin horo a Jami'ar Berlin, ya zama "Maur" Ballad, Minnezinger "" mummunan dare ". Amma tun kafin, marubucin ya fara ƙirƙirar kalmomin ƙauna game da ƙauna. Ayoyinsa sun sadaukar da juna ne ga dan uwan Amaliiya, wanda ya sanya shi ba ya ji daɗin ji. A cikin 1817, mujallar "Hamburg Tsaro" Hamburg Tsarkaci "buga wasu daga cikinsu, kuma a shekarar 1820 tarin ayyukan" wahala matasa "ta fito.
A cikin 1821, henrich ya fara bayar da waƙoƙi zuwa buga a cikin jaridar, amma ba sa ba su da masu sauraro da masu sukar da masu sukar da masu sauraro. Heinrich wani mawaƙi ne mai aiki tukuru kuma yana aiki da sauri. Ba da daɗewa ba an bala'i "Ratthaies" da "Almanzor" an buga. Tarin gidan waƙoƙin "Lyrical Intermezzo" ya jawo hankalin da sha'awar al'adun gargajiya da ya sha. Shagonsa ya bayyana matsalolin zamantakewa. Rashin amincewa da mulkin mallaka da zalunci na Yahudawa ya nuna a cikin aikin fasaha.
Masu sukar sun yi tsoratar da Henrich, don haka ya yanke shawarar barin garin ya koma Arabia, amma a zahiri da na tafi CXWWagen. Daga nan sai ya ziyarci Hamburg, Luneburg, Berlin da Göttingen. Batun karshe na tafiya shine harz. A wannan lokacin, Heine ya sadu da Johan Gethe. A cikin 1825, wa mawaƙan ya kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar, wucewa jarabawar karshe, kuma ya zama likita na doka na digiri na 3. Ya tashi daga Hamburg, inda ya ci gaba da ayyukan da aka rubuta.
Rubuce-rubucen saurayin marubucin ya zauna ba tare da kulawa ba. Babban nasara na farko ya zo wurin heine a cikin 1826, lokacin da haske ya ga bayanin tafiyar tafiye-tafiye "tafiya zuwa Gurz". Sannan hotuna "Hoto" da sake zagayowar "komawa zuwa ga mahaifiyar" ya fito, kuma a cikin 1827 - da farkon farkon farkon. Fleur na soyayya, kwatancen dabara na ji da motsin rai ya kwashe masu sauraron. Tunanin motsa jiki wanda aka bayyana abin da ke faruwa a kusa, masu cin nasara.
A cikin 1827, ya karbi wata gayyata ga editan gidan waya "Annals Annals a Munich. Rabin shekara guda, mawaƙi da aka ciyar a wannan birni kuma ya tafi tafiya zuwa Italiya, inda ya hau saƙon game da mutuwar mahaifinsa. An tilasta wa Hamburg ya koma Hamburg, inda ya buga girman "zanen tafiye-tafiye" kuma ya yanke shawarar komawa Paris. A cikin 1830s, akwai tarzoma a babban birnin Faransa. A nan, juyin juya hali ya kasance cikakke, wanda ya ji daɗin tunanin sa.
Sanarwa a cikin 1831 Littafin "New bazara" a kan kalaman na gaye sannan ƙaura, waƙar da aka barata a Paris. A Faransa, ya karfafa wani masoya Berlioz da Federic chopin, ferrenie takardar Gautier, Alexander Duma-babban da kuma wasu aladu na al'adu. Zawarar da mutane masu sukar da sahihanci, muhimmin a Jamus, ba ta da ƙarfi a nan. An buga mawaƙin a cikin Faransanci da na Jamusanci. Aka buga "Florentine dare", "Makarantar soyayya" da sauran ayyukan marubucin.
Bayan canza wurin zama, mawaƙin ya haifar da jerin hanyoyin da ke cikin "shari'o'in Faransa", kuma a cikin 1834 da aka buga 'yan ƙasa, dangane da laccoci. Sakamakon karatun marubucin game da matakin 'yancin addini na Nazareyan da Elltinov, aikin ya haifar da ƙin yarda da jama'a.
A wannan lokacin, Gane ta fara wahalar kuɗi. An tilasta shi yin amfani da izinin ƙaura mai ƙaura. Matsalar da za a iya m yanayin shine kwangilar tare da masu buga zango Julius sansanin, gwargwadon abin da hakkin ayyukan ayyukan an ba da abokin ciniki. Taimako daga kawun Sulemanu ya yi gyara halin da ake ciki, amma ya jagoranci lafiyarsa. Mawaƙa tare da wahala ta motsa, duk da cewa bai bar aiki ba.
Gidaje a cikin wani ƙasar da aka bayar a wannan lokacin tare da wahala. Tare da ƙauna ta musamman ga mahaifiyarsa, mawaƙin ya rubuta wakar "Jamus. Labarin almara na hunturu. " Toris akan tarkace ya sa ya zama mai yiwuwa a cika littafi na littafin tarihi na Hinevog ", wanda ya zama ra'ayin ga mutumin zuwa ga mutumin zuwa cikin ma'aikatan ma'aikata. Ra'ayoyin siyasa ba su ba shi damar komawa gida ba.
A Faransa, tarin tarin da ake kira "daban" an buga "daban", kuma 1840 Marubucin ya saki littafin "ON Bern". A cikin 1842, ya buga wakar "Atta Trol", a cikin 1844 - tarin "sabbin waƙoƙin". A wannan lokacin, kawuna Solomon ya mutu, wanda aka gaji ta wani dan kurkuku dubu 8,000. A cikin 1851, sun fito da littafin karshe na Pychs Geene - "Romservo". A lokacin da marubucin ya jagoranci aiki a kan "Memoirs", wanda ya fara rubutu a cikin 1840s.
Rayuwar sirri
Tasanin tarihin Heinrich Heine yana da alaƙa da adabi, da wahayi, kamar kowane marubuci, sun jawo ƙauna da abin da ke faruwa a kusa da shi. Don ƙirƙirar kalmomin soyayya a cikin shekarun samari ya tura shi 'yar kawun ya matsa masa, Amalia. Abinda yake ji na dan uwan ba na juna, yarinyar ta auri dan kasuwa fiye da zuciyar Hennich ta fashe.
A cikin 1835, wanda ya samu ya san matar matar Enzhenhi zaman lafiya ta Enzhenmi, wanda Matilda ya kira. Duniya ta kasance daga masu ba da dama, ba ta san yadda ake karantawa da rubuta abin da ba a yi wa bautar da asalin mai koyar da mai ilimi. Masu son kansu sun rayu cikin aure kyauta. Ya yi godiya da rashin daidaito da fallyarshen Mattili, ya shirya ta a gidan allon gidan mata don horo, yana farin ciki da ƙaunataccena.
Aure tsakanin Heine kuma an kammala duniya a 1941. Abokai basu fahimci yadda Heinrichib na iya ɗauko kansa da irin wannan wata mace mai alaƙa ba, amma marubucin ya kasance da aminci ga matarsa, kamar ta. Mawakokin ya yi farin ciki a rayuwar kansa daga duniya, amma yara a cikin aurensu bai bayyana ba.
Shekara kafin mutuwar da ya sa a gare shi, Camilla Serden ya isa gare shi, mai son kerawa na mawakar, wanda ya gina kwanakin rayuwarsa. Heinrich ya ƙaunaci ƙauna, amma bai kasance tare da matarsa ba.
Mutuwa
A cikin 1846, Henry Heine ya buge kashin kashin kashin baya. A cikin mawaki na 1848 na ƙarshe da ya ci gaba da iska mai kyau, sannan ya zama gado, wanda ake kira "kabarin Mata". A lokacin cutar, abokansa sun ziyarci shi: onor de Balzac, Georges yashi, Richard Wagner. Taron mahaifiyar ta kasance a gidansa da kuma falsafa Karl, game da dangantakar da wacce ta kasance da dadewa. Matsayi na Kwaminisanci, wanda hotunan sa da kuma ambaliyarsu ado da litattafan tarihin, suka ziyarci Heinrich zuwa kwanaki na ƙarshe.
Heine ya rike da hankali yayin ɗaurin gidan ya ci gaba da aiki. Matan kula da shi har zuwa ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 1856. Dalilin mutuwar mawãta wani cuta ne mai tsawo. Aka binne shi a cikin makabartar Montmintra. Matilda ya mutu cikin shekara 27. Ba kamar matar ba, wanda mutuwarsa ta kasance mai raɗaɗi, duniya ta mutu ta bugun rai nan take.
Faɗa
"Menene soyayya? Wannan ciwon hakori ne a cikin zuciya. "" Ko da yaya mummunan yakin yake, har yanzu ta faɗi girman kai na ruhaniya - mutuwa. "" Soyayya! Wannan shi ne mafi yawan mutane da nasara! Amma ikonta na matakinta ya ta'allaka ne a cikin Unlimited karimci, a kusan rashin son kai. "" Wani abin baƙon abu! A kowane lokaci, mazajen caca sun yi kokarin rufe maskar da su da aikata ayyukansu ta hanyar sadaukar da bukatun bukatun addini, ɗabi'a da kauna ga mahaifinsu. "Littafi daya
- 1820 - "Young Matasan"
- 1824 - "Loreley"
- 1826 - "Yi tafiya zuwa harz"
- 1827 - "Littafin Waƙoƙin"
- 1827 - "Tekun Arewa"
- 1834 - "Don tarihin, addini da falsafafiyafa na Jamus"
- 1841 - Acta trol "
- 1844 - "Jamusanci. Taron hunturu "
- 1844 - "sabbin waƙoƙin"
- 1851 - "Romservo"