Tari
Sofya Alekseevna Romanova sananne ne ga hoton rubutun aikin ILYYA repin. Wani mutum na yau da kullun adadi na mace mai rauni ya tashi akan zane, wanda yake fushi da murgani mai fushi. Daga taken hoton ya bayyana a sarari cewa duhu na gimbiya ba ya iyakance shi ga: ita ce ta fifita ta a gidan sufi da shekaru masu shekaru. Daular masu aiki sun yi ƙoƙarin yin mulkin jihar, kuma daga ƙarshe ya gama kwanakinsa a cikin Renguation daga duniya, sun yi goyan bayan da ke da babbar doka ga Schyi.Yaro da matasa
Tsarevna Sophia ya zama ɗa na Severreign Alexei Mikhailovich - na biyu wakilin daular Roma, wanda ta hau cikin kursiyin Rasha. A cikin duka, sarki yana da yara 16: 13 daga matar ta farko da 3 - daga na biyu.
Marylavskaya, ta farko matar Sarkin farko, ta samo asali daga sanannen mai martaba na mutane daga Poland. Ta ba shi 'yar Sofhia a shekara ta 1657. Sarauniya ta halatta daga nauyin da wahala kowace shekara, yara da yawa suka mutu a haihu, kuma ita da kanta ta mutu sakamakon asibitin Matar a 1669.
Bayan shekaru 2, a cikin 1671, shekarun haihuwa 42 masu gamsarwa a bara na Natalia Kiralizina Naryshkina. Thean Sarauniya ta haifi mijinta na har yanzu 'ya'ya uku, babba wanda yake mai sarauta Peter na gaba.
Saboda haka, yana da shekaru 14, Tsarevna Sophia ya sami uba. Tuni an rarrabe yarinyar ta hanyar hankali da ilimi. Mai ba da shawara shi ne mai ilimin tauhidi, marubuci kuma masanin Astrenterger Saminu Poltsky. Tsarevna ya yi nazarin harsuna, karanta littattafai kan tarihi da addini, yin ado a rubuce-rubucen. Sophia Alekseeevna ya kasance tare, yana biyan agogo na addu'a da karanta Littattafai Mai Tsarki, da nasa Rempist.
A wancan lokacin, a farfajiyar, zangon masu adawa da kai, Miloslav da Naryshkkina sun kasance a fili. Duban matan malamai sun yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da magada a matsayin levers na tasiri akan umarni na jihohi, wanda ya tsananta da mutuwar Alexei Mikhailovich a cikin 1676.
An bayyana yara masu rauni ta hanyar rashin lafiya, da 'ya'yana maza sun mutu kafin Uba. Saboda haka, Fedor Alekseevich, ƙaramin ɗan'uwan T sukaarevna ya tashi zuwa kursiyin. Ya saurayi kuma mai zafi, kuma tsohuwar 'yar uwar da ba a iyakance ta da iko ba. Firayim 20 na Fedor III ya bar rayuwa a cikin 1682, ba tare da barin magada ba. A lokacin da Tsarevna ya riga ya saba da shiga cikin dukkan al'amuran jiha da ba da umarni.
Yarinyar ta kasance mai kuzari da kuma babban aiki, kuma ba a tambayar zuciyar ta. Saboda haka, Soppia bai rarraba makomar Princess-lads ba, wadanda ba su barin matsafun da aka bari, kuma suka bude sabon shafi na tarihinsu.
Hukumar kuma ta rushe
Wani mai kula da Sarki Fyaodor III, Sophia ya sami mutane masu tunani da kusanci da shugabannin sojoji. Bugu da kari, dangin Miloslavslavslavslavslavs sun ba da tallafi mai ƙarfi ga gado. Saboda haka, lokacin da a 1682 Natalia Naryshkina ta zauna a kan kursiyin ɗan shekara 10 da farko da Peter, Sophia ba wargi bane. Sagittarius, wanda ya shirya tawaye ga Mayu, wanda ya shirya a ranar 15 ga Mayu, ya isa ga taimakon Mayu 15 Uwargun mahaifiyarsa da ta yi.
Kananan Miloslavsla na Miloslavsky ba za su iya gabatar da mai ƙuri'a a kan kursiyin shi ne kawai magaji ba, jikin mutum mai zafi da kuma dalilin Ivan mai zafi. Naryshkina ta rike a baya wani karfi da lafiya Peter. A sakamakon haka, ƙwararrun da aka bawa kuma sun ayyana masu mulkin magabatan biyu.
Matasa Hararevichi ba zai iya cika cikakken shugabanni ba, kuma Sokhia Alekiseevna ya zama dole a zaɓaɓɓunsu ga regeny ga 'yan'uwa. A ranar 25 ga Yuni, 1682, a cikin zato na zato na Moscow Kremmin Ivan da Bitrus sun zama 'yar'uwarsu. Har ila yau ta ba da umarni don kiran kansa da kai da kuma sakin tsabar kudi tare da hoton nasa.
Babban matsalar manufar ciki wacce ke da saurayi a karon farko, ta zama tawaye da annashuwa. Wani ɓangare na maharbi a ƙarƙashin ikon sauraron Khovansky ba a yarda da halin da muke ciki ba. An yi rashin jituwa ta cocin da cocin ya tsawaita, shimfiɗa tun lokacin da aka gyara Sarkin sarki. Duk wannan rikice-rikicen Tsarev ya tsaya tare da hannu mai wuya, ba wawanci a kan danniya.
Yunkurin da aka yi da 'yan tawaye da Sophia sun ci gaba a cikin 1685, suna daukan azabtarwa 12, wanda ke raunana azabtar da azabtar da tsofaffin masu bi. Dubunnan tsoffin ma'aikata sun gudu daga babban birnin zuwa kasafin kai tsaye, suna kokarin guje wa hukunci game da ta'addanci.
An aika da ayyukan Gwamnati don inganta tsari na jihohi: ta gudanar da gyare-gyare da haraji, ta shiga fadada huldar ciniki da kasashen waje. A cikin 1687, a bakin aikin Tsarevna, na farko an bude jami'ar farko a Rasha - Slavic-Gerco Barcelona.
Shado, Sofier Alekseevna samu matsaloli a cikin manufofin kasashen waje. Rikicin Perennial tare da Poland an kawo ƙarshen sa hannu na madawwamin duniyar duniya a cikin 1686, wanda ya kasance masu gyara filayen ƙasashe.
Bayan ya sami sabon yanki, Sofia ya yi alkawarin shiga yaƙi tare da cocin Cresan Khani, wanda ya haifar da lalacewar Commilealth. Ya haifar da jerin tafiye-tafiye na Crimean, amma babu mai kama da nasara. Kasowar ayyukan soja sun girgiza ikon sarki. Hukuncin siyasa na duniya shine yarjejeniya ta rashin daidaituwa tare da Sin, a cewar wacce Rusia ta rasa yankin amur da kuma yankuna masu nisa gabaɗaya.
Duk da yake Sofya Alekseevna da ƙarfi ya jagoranci kasar, ɗan'uwanta mai ɗaukar ɗan'anta Bitrus ya sake. Ivan bai yi da sha'awar batutuwan iko, kuma ba a kasa da Bitrus ba ya shiga cikin hakkokin da doka ba. A cikin 1689, Tsarevich, a gefen Uwar mahaifiyar, auren Evdokia Lopukhina. Kuma ko da yake yana ɗan shekara 17 kawai, gaskiyar aure ta ba shi matsayin dattijo.
Mai dillalai ba zai ba da kursiyi ba ga kursiyin, kodayake ba ta da hakkin a gare shi. Saboda haka, tsakanin Sofia da Bitrus, rikici a bayyane, wanda kusan ya haifar da babban zubar da jini. Amma rukunin sojoji ɗaya bayan wani ya bar gimbiya, suna motsawa zuwa gefen saurayin.
A sakamakon haka, ragowar ba tare da taimakon hadarin da hayar 'yan kasashen waje ba, Sofia Alekseeevna ya tilasta yin biyayya ga mai yin shiru da sarƙoƙi.
Rayuwar sirri
Sophia Alekseeevna bai da kyau ga kansa: kaya, squat, tare da ciyayi a fuskarsa, an hana ta mace haske. Wannan tunani ne da halayen ruhaniya na halayenta na nuna godiya.
"Tunaninta da fa'idar da ke ɗauke da ɗokin kuncin jikinta, saboda har zuwa ga kuka na ɗan gajerensa gajeru, mai laushi da ƙarfi, wanda ya fi ƙarfinta."
Irin wannan hoton gimbiya ta gimbiya daga zamaninta, Faransa Fu De La Nyvillya. Har yanzu suna zaune a farfajiyar, Sofia ya haifar da salon rayuwa. Ta karanta farfadowa da rayukan tsarkaka, sun yi azumi, addu'a da rayuwa a duniya ba ta bambanta da yawa daga Nun ba.
A lokaci guda, an danganta ta ga dangantakar soyayya da mai ba da shawara, yarizar Vasily Golitesn. Yarima ita ce shugaban ofishin jakadancin, da alhakin dangantakar da ke tsakanin dangantakar kasa da kasa. Sophia Alekseeevna ingantacciyar hanyata ta amince da diflomasiyya kuma a ba da manyan iko.
Da Allah Mai Tsoratar da masu tsoron mata tare da tsauraran lokutan lokutan doperrerovsky ne wanda ake iya shakkar aukuwarsa don ya sanya yariman da za a yi wa yariman. Bayan haka, ya yi aure yana kuma ɗaukar yara shida. Koyaya, masana tarihi suna jagorar gutsutsuren Sofia tare da Golitesyn, bisa ga abin da zai yiwu a fahimci cewa yariman ya mamaye wani muhimmin wuri a cikin zuciyarta.
Koyaya, Sofia Alekiseevna ya yi aure rai, amma ba tare da aure ba, kamar kowace 'yan'uwanta. An dauki duk muryar ba ta cancanci yin biyayya da Royal ba, kuma ɗakunan ango na yankin sarauta sun juya su zama cikin rayuwar mutum ba, saboda haka kusan ba zai yiwu a shirya rayuwar mutum ba.
Shekarun da ya gabata da mutuwa
A cikin 1689, Tsarevna Sophia an fitar da shi dan uwa a cikin Moscowvichi gidan su, shekaru 15 da suka gabata na rayuwarta ta wuce.
Gimbiya ta samar da rayuwa mai dadi, haramun, kodayake, bar iyakokin shinge shinge. Da farko, Uznice sanya mai tsaron. Ko da tare da 'yan'uwa mata da maguyan, za a iya ziyartar su da manyan ranakun da ke cikin barazana. A lokaci guda, sel mai sofia ya ƙunshi ɗakunan da aka tsabtace da yawa, an sanya sabis ɗin da aka haɗa ta.
Bitrus ni, riga ya zama ɗan'uwar Sarki, ya ziyarci 'yar'uwa ta ɗaure a cikin gidan sufi, amma Tzarevna ya sadu da shi sanyi. Sulewa tsakanin su bai faru ba.
Lokacin da a cikin 1698 a Moscow, Riotsky na gaba ya tashi, Peter na yanke shawarar cewa Sophia Alekseeevna ya shiga cikin wannan yanayin. Sagittarius ya kasance cikin fushi da dalilan tattalin arziki da tattalin arziki, amma kuma asalin siyasa a jawabin su za a iya gani. Sarki da sauri ya yanke shawarar cewa 'yan Tarji da ke niyyar zauna a kan kursiyin yarima. Bayan wannan taron, an tayin Soppia a cikin wani yanayi tare da zuwan sabon sunan - Susanna.
Sophia Alekseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ɗan shekara aramba 46 kuma ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Yuli, 1704, ya isa ga Hauwa ta dawo da tsohon sunana. Dalilin mutuwar masana tarihi ba sa cewa duk wani tabbatacce. An binne gawar sarakunan a ƙarƙashin arches na smolensky cathedral na Novodevichy sufi da Moscow.