Tari
Gerald Darrell wani mutum ne wanda ya yi rubutu game da twarshe da mazaunin su ba tare da sihiri ba. Godiya ga littattafan sa, miliyoyin yara da manya sun koya game da ƙasashe masu ban sha'awa kuma suna zaune dabbobi. Kuma daban da godiya ga marubucin ya kamata a gabatar da mazaunan Cormu, saboda tsibirin ya samu wadatar godiya ga "Girka Trilogy" Darrell.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Gerald Malcolm Darrell a Janairu 7 ga Janairu, 1925 a cikin garin Bashedpur na Indiya. Yaron ya zama ɗa na 5 a cikin dangin Louise Dixie da Lawrence Darrell - babba. Jerry yana da manyan 'yan'uwa 2, LesLie da Larry, da kuma' yar uwa Margaret. Wani 'yar'uwar ta mutu kafin haihuwar Gerald, a cikin jariri.
Yaro na farkon marubucin ya wuce a Indiya. Mahaifin Jerry shine injiniyan Burtaniya, kuma aikin ya ba da iyali mai tsammani da matsayi. Yaro na dabba ya zama mai sha'awar Memoirs na, na wani shekaru 2, da kuma Louise sun yi jayayya cewa Zoo (Zoo) ya zama ɗayan maganganun farko.
A cikin 1928, bakwai sun yi asarar asara - Laptionce Darrell ya mutu, kuma dangin sun koma Burtaniya. Rayuwa a Ingila Darrandel ta fadi ba dandana ba dandana, saboda haka aka tsare su can har wani lokaci. A shekara ta 1935, Louise Darrell ya yanke shawarar matsar da tsibirin Girka na Corfu, bin misalin babban ɗan farin. Bayan shekaru da yawa, godiya ga wannan shawarar, da masu karatu suka karɓi ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun littattafan Gerald "iyalina da sauran dabbobi."
A tsibirin, nesa da sanannen ɗabi'ar ɗabi'a da yanayin sanyi, sha'awar Zobeyrocical ta yaron na gyarawa. "Iyalina da sauran dabbobi" ba koyaushe yake kunshe da cikakken bayani game da rayuwar Derells a cikin tsibirin Girka ba, amma muradin Jerry na yi ƙara gida a kowace hanya.
Mahaifiyar Gerald bai iyakance ba - saurayin ya zama dangi ne kuma yana da 'yanci mara iyaka, gami da ilimin gargajiya. Koyi marubucin mai zuwa na gaba ya gwada a Indiya, kuma a Biritaniya, amma tsarin makarantar ba a gare shi ba. Malamai sunyi la'akari da waraka da wawa, kuma yaron ya yi kokarin da duk ikon da ya kamata su guji azuzuwan ziyartar ziyartar azuzuwan.
Masu tutors da yawa kuma sun bayyana a Corfu, kuma aka bayyana a "iyalina ...". Daga cikinsu akwai likita na Helenanci kuma masanin kimiyya Stefidez, wanda ya zama ba wai kawai mai jagoranci ba, har ma da aboki na Gerald. Lalkwararrun ilimin Darrell na Darrell bai taɓa karbar ilimi Darrell ba, ta hanyar, ba ya hana shi ya zama babban malamin jami'o'i na jami'o'i.
A cikin 1939, lokacin Corfu a cikin dangi ya ƙare, Louise, Jerry da Lislie sun fara komawa Burtaniya, yakin duniya na biyu ya fara girgiza. A cikin 1943, za a kira mai zuwa ga sojoji na gaba a cikin sojoji, amma sojan Gerald bai yi aiki ba - na kullum ya hana gaskiya na NOS da gaskiya da aka hana gaskiya.
A lokacin da ya nada, jami'in ya nemi Jerry, ko yana son ya yi yaqi. Da gaske ya amsa da cewa a'a. Sannan jami'in ya tambayi tambaya ta biyu: "Shin kai matsoraci ne?", Da Darrrel ya amsa da tabbaci. Kuma soja sun aika da kwafin kwafi, kamar yadda basu dace da lafiya ba, lura, duk da haka, cewa ƙarfin hali yana buƙatar sanin kansa matsoraci.
Don wani lokaci, gerald ya yi aiki a cikin shagon dabbobi, kuma bayan yaƙin ya zama mataimaki (ko, bisa ga furci (ko, bisa ga furci (ko, bisa ga furucinsa, "a cikin wani yaro da a bayyane") a cikin Wipstore Zoo. Daga wannan gaba, ƙidaya daga tarihin rayuwarsa a matsayin mai bincike na dabba ya fara.
Balaguro, littattafai da fina-finai
Gerald shirya farkon balaguron a matasan nasa, da zaran ya shiga cikin hakkokin gado. Asusun da suka tashi daga nufin Uba, Daraja ya kafa sansaninsu da Guyan. Dukkanin balaguron sun samar da kwarewar Jerry, amma sun juya don su kasa samun kuɗi. A farkon shekarun 1950, dattini ya kasance a cikin wani yanayin kudi wanda ya bambanta kuma ban da marasa aikin yi.
Bayan haka, sauraron shawarar tsohuwar ɗan'uwan Lawrence, Gerald ya fara rubutu. Labarin farko na "farauta mai gashi na" yana son masu karatu da kuma kawo marubucin kudin. Wannan taimakon kuɗin da aka tilasta wa Darrell don yin zurfin injin da aka buga, kuma a cikin 1952, ya danganta littafin da za a yi wa'aziyya "jirgin ruwa mai cike". Masu karatu da masu sukar sun dauki aikin da fatan alheri, kuma goral din marubutan mai zuwa da goral ne da ake bayarwa zuwa Kudancin Amurka a cikin 1954th.
Wannan tafiya zata iya kawo karshen takaici: Suna da wani juyin mulki a majami'u a Paraguay, da kuma masu ba da gudummawa na ci gaba da tserewa daga kasar, barin yawancin tarin tarin tarin tarin. Game da wannan tafiya da ƙwarewar Peculiar na Darrell a 1955 ya rubuta a cikin littafin "a ƙarƙashin alfarwa da daji daji".
Bayan paraguay, gerald a takaice ya koma Corfu. A huta a tsibirin da ke tattare da tunanin yara, kuma a cikin 1956 ya rubuta littafin "Iyalina da sauran dabbobi." A ciki, marubucin a cikin salon sa mai ban mamaki wanda yake magana game da shekarun rayuwa a Corfu, labarun da aka ɗora daga rayuwar Duhellov mai ban sha'awa game da Fauna da tsibirin Fauna da tsibirin Fanda da tsibirin Fanda da tsibirin Fung.
Labarin ya juya ya zama mafi yawan aikin gerald, an fassara shi zuwa cikin yaruka da yawa kuma an sake sake sake bugawa. Daga baya, ya ci gaba da "Girkanci", amma ba "tsuntsaye ba, da dabbobi da dangi" kuma ba "Albashi na alloli ba.
Da kuma kudin rubutu ya ba da damar Darinll damar zuwa balaguron - A shekara ta 1957, wanda ya tafi Kamaru a cikin karo na 3. Burin Jerld ya zama dabbobi don gidansa. Koyaya, bayan komawa ƙasarsa, marubucin ya zama dole marubutan sun ƙi, a sakamakon waɗanne dabbobin Margaret Darrell. Wannan halin ya zama dalilin rubuta littafin "Zoo a cikin kaya na."
Zoo a tsibirin Jersey, wanda ya zama kasuwancin rayuwar Gerald, wanda ya yi nasarar bude kawai a lokacin bazara na 1959. Shekaru da yawa, shari'ar ta kasance ba da amfani a cikin rashin amfani, duk da gaskiyar cewa Daraja Daraja ya sanya duk hanyoyin a ciki. Koyaya, marubucin bai tsaya ba.
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, da yawa daga cikin tafiye-tafiye ya sadaukar da tarin dabbobin don Zuciyar da ke da shi, Gerald ya fahimci cewa kawai za su iya ceton su daga cikakkiyar lalacewa. A nan gaba, gidan zoo da ya nuna farkon kirkirar kudade da yawa don adana dabbobin daji da suka wanzu har zuwa yau.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa Darrell a cikin littattafai mafi yawancin lokuta musamman ne Frank, labarinsa da labarun game da dabbobin sun ci nasara kamar wallafe-wallafen yara. Amma littafin "magana mai yanke shawara" a cikin sabon abu na sabon abu na fanter na gerald ya rubuta musamman ga yara. Labarin daga baya ya kare - mai ban dariya ne ta cire ta.
Akwai hotuna da yawa a cikin balaguron, amma yin fim din fina-finai game da yanayin ya zama wani shugabanci. Nasarar zanen "Bafut tare da mai rauni" dage farawa farkon hadin gwiwar Gerald tare da BBC, kuma daga baya fina-finai ya taimaka wajen jawo hankalin kudade don kudaden muhalli.
Rayuwar sirri
Amma ga rayuwar sirri, Gerald Darrerell wani hedlist ya kasance mai hedonist: ban da dabbobi, yana ƙaunar shan giya, abinci mai daɗi. A aure, marubucin ya kunshi sau biyu, amma bai haifi yara ba.Shiga cikin hotunan gettyJackie Walfhennen ya zama matar farko ta marubucin, 'yar na Manchester, wanda gerald ya tsaya. Mahaifin yarinyar ta tsananta aure, kuma a cikin ta 1951 cikin kauna, don yin aure, dole ne ya tsere. Jackie Jackie da Gerald sun dauki shekaru 28, amma sakamakon haka, matar ta gaji da shan giya ta mijinta da kuma cewa bashi da muhimmanci zoo a gare shi.
Nan gaba, marubucin ya yi aure a 1979 a dabi'ar Wilson. Akwai wani bambanci mai mahimmanci tsakanin ma'ajin: a lokacin bikin, Gerald ya yi shekara 54, ko - ko - 30. Duk da haka, 30. Duk da haka, 30. Duk da wannan, da aka juya zuwa ga mutuwar Darrell.
Mutuwa
A ƙarshen rayuwar Darrell ɗan mara lafiya ne. Albasa da cin zarafin shan taba (duk dorrels sun kasance ko ta yaya a wata hanya). Don yin gerald dakatar da sha bazai iya asibiti ba: Baƙi da yawa sun sami hanyar kawo marubucin barasa.
Masanin halitta ya haɓaka Cirrhosis, kuma a lokaci guda ya gano ƙwayar cuta a hanta. Gerald ya yi dasawa, amma a hankali ya jinkirta mutuwa. Saboda datterolant Darrrell ya yarda da magunguna, rashin kariya daga cikin rigakafi saboda hanta ba ya ƙi kwayoyin. A sakamakon haka, ya haifar da ci gaban kamuwa da cuta da kamuwa da jini. Gerald Malcolm Darrolm ya mutu a ranar 30 ga Janairu, 1995 a Jersey, sanadiyyar mutuwar marubucin ya zama Supsis. Jiki, bisa ga nufin, an kāka, da urns tare da toka binne a cikin zane Zoo.
Littafi daya
- 1953 - "Warmloaded Ark"
- 1955 - "A ƙarƙashin alfarwa ta girgiza"
- 1956 - "Iyalina da sauran dabbobi"
- 1960 - "Zoo a cikin kaya na"
- 1961 - "tsatsa daga gabar"
- 1966 - "Hanyar Kegurtenka" / "biyu a daji"
- 1968 - "Rosie - dangi na"
- 1969 - "Tsuntsaye, dabbõbi da dangi"
- 1974 - "Maɗaukaki"
- 1977 - "Weldes na zinare da paintons masu ruwan hoda"
- 1978 - "Aljin gumaka"
- 1982 - "masoya matalauta"
- 1990 - "Asarar da jirgin"
- 1991 - "Mama a kan bayarwa"
- 1992 - "AY-AL da ni"
Filmography
- 1957 - "A cikin Baut tare da Hound"
- 1958 - "Duba"
- 1962 - "kuru a daji"
- 1965 - "Kama min Colobus"
- 1982 - "Jirgin ruwa a hanya"
- 1984 - "Darrell a Rasha"
- 1990 - "zuwa tsibirin Aye-Aye"