Tarihi
Halin da labari "shiru don" Mikhail sholokhov. Matar babban hali, da Cossack na ƙauyen na Veshinskaya Grigoria Melekhova. Ya auri mutumin da bai ƙaunace ta ba kuma ya yi aure ta hannun mahaifinsa.Tarihin halitta
Sholokhov ya yi aiki a kan littafin labari "shuru Don" shekara goma sha biyar, daga 1925 zuwa 1940. Gabaɗaya, marubucin ya haifar da kundin huɗu, wanda aka buga daban, kamar yadda aka kammala aikin akan kowane. An buga kunnen uku na farko a cikin littafin littafin Oktoba, da kuma kashi na huxu a cikin mujallar "Sabuwar World". Don sabon labari "shuru don" sholokhov ya karɓi kyautar Nobel a cikin wallafe-wallafe a cikin 1965.
Da farko, Sholokhov zai saurari labari ne game da juyin juya halin Musulunci akan Don, kuma abubuwan da suka fara fitowa daga lokacin bazara na 1917. Koyaya, yin aiki a kan rubutu da sauri ya shiga cikin matattu, saboda sholokhov ya fahimci cewa ba tare da phohisty ba, mai karanta littafin labari ba zai fahimta ba. Don tunani game da rubutu da tarin kayan da ake buƙata don aikin, sholokhov ya bar shekara. Daga baya, marubucin ya fara aiki tun farko, kuma sakamakon sabon ne aka tura shi zuwa shekarun yaƙi. Bayan sakin Roman Sholokhov ya zama sananne.
"Shuru don"
Farkon littafin Falls na 1912, Natalia a wannan lokacin yana da shekara 18. Wannan yarinya ce mai cin kasuwa wacce ke aiki koyaushe a gida kuma a cikin filayen suna cikin bukatar. Heroine kyakkyawa ne, sermoraza, tana da madaidaiciya baki. Natalia mara kyau ta bayyana a cikin Ikilisiya, ji a gundumar Amarya, amma halayyar lokaci. Natalia tana da mita da mai gaskiya, sau da yawa rikice. Daga aikin dindindin na hannu, jarumi ya zama babba da m.
Uba na Heayian shine mai wadataccen Cossack Monawa na Korshunov. Natalia tana da 'yan uwa biyu masu shekaru goma sha biyu - Marishka mai shekarun haihuwa da Ravnitsa, Balovnitsa da Porosha, da kuma dan'uwa Mity. Uba yana nufin Natalia da soyayya. Faɗoshin jarfa mai tawali'u ne, wanda aka ambata akai-akai. Natalia tana jin tsoron ƙin mutane, ba ta tayar da muryoyin da "ba fitowar iko ba." A gida, Natalia tana mai biyayya da daraja, suna bauta wa kakaninta - yana tanadin tufafinsa, yana da safa, safa, safa.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa Korshunov ne mafi arziki a cikin gona, wanda ya kiyaye isassun ma'aikata, yara sun yi jayayya a can zuwa mummunan aiki kuma ya yi aiki da yawa don yin aiki. A sakamakon haka, Natalia ta girma babbar mace mai tsauri wanda ba shi yiwuwa "falletness", farin ciki da nishaɗi. Heroine tare da squeamish mallakar 'yan matan da suka ba da kansu son ƙauna.
Heroine ya san yadda za a ɓoye ji da kyau, kar a raba tare da baƙin ciki da kuma nuna halin rayuwar ku. Idan haskakawa na Natalia, to yana sa shi a asirce, da shiru ya damu da barazanar mijinta. Gregory yana ɗaukar matar "alewa" - jinkirin da rashin kulawa, ba zai iya son sha'awa ba.
Koyaya, don Gregory Melekhov Arabor ya fito ne daga ƙauna, yayin da ango da kansa bai ji wani ji ga yarinyar ba "- a matsayin mace mai amfani daga dangi. Natalia ta auri Gregory a kan abin da aka zabi, da ƙin wasu, karin sanannun da kuma wadatattun ango. Natalia ta amince da komawa ga gidan sujallu fiye da haye kan sauran, kuma iyaye suna baiwa yarinyar da dama ta zabi zabi a kansu.
Bayan bikin aure, Natalia ta koma gidan mijinta kuma can ya zama dole don fushi da iyayen Gregory saboda shuru yanayi da aiki tuƙuru. Gregory da kansa daga matarka da mai shuru bai yi farin ciki ba kuma ya rasa haushi da Asiers, wanda har yanzu tana ƙaunar. Bugu da kamar mai son sha'awa, Natalia ya kirge da kai tsaye, "ba mai kyau" don infors, don haka gligorory da kansa mata "alhakin."
Yana ɗaukar lokaci kaɗan bayan bikin, da kuma grigory ya jefa Natalia, ya bar Aksier, wanda yake zaune a cikin wani panotitsky.
Natalia ta fahimci tashi na Gridgory a matsayin laifin da ba a tsammani ba. Heroine ma ya zo wurin mahaifinsa wanda ya ba da labarin mijinta kuma ya nemi zabe ta zuwa gidan iyaye.
Tun daga ra'ayin Natalia, ba ta zagi mijinta ba, jarumin bai fahimci dalilin da ya sa ya bar gidan ba tare da wata kalma ba. Mahaifin gwarzo, Miron, yana fushi da 'yar saboda gaskiyar cewa tana wulakanta a gaban miji da kuskure, kuma a lokaci guda yana tilasta wulakanci da kuma mirgici.
A cikin gona bayan tashi, Gregory ta fara tafiya da tsegumi tsegumi game da Natalia. Da zarar Headine ya ji maganar maƙwabta, wanda za a kawo ta a banza. A wannan rana, Natalia tana ƙoƙarin kashe kansa, amma ya kasance da rai. A wuya na gwarzo bayan wannan lamarin ya kasance abin ƙyama. Saboda mazaje "mazauna", Natalia ta karkatar da kansa kamar "inna", amma har yanzu mace kyakkyawa ce.
Bayan waɗannan al'amuran, Natalia tana jin gidan iyayen wani. Bugu da kari, jarumin na da ban sha'awa ne duba dangi bayan yunƙurin kisan kai, matar ta ji cewa ya fita daga gare su. A sakamakon haka, Natalia ta yanke shawarar komawa Melekhov, iyayen Gregory. Uba bai so ya bar Natalia, ya nemi kunya da izini ba, amma Natalia har yanzu ta koma. Tsohon maza suna ɗaukar jarumai a matsayin ɗan ƙasa.
Natalia tana ci gaba da fatan cewa mijinta ya dawo wurinta, yana kiyaye aminci da jiran haruffa daga Gregory, duk da cewa bai rubuta kansa ba. Abin da aka makala na Natalia zuwa ga mijinta sholokhov kira "kare". Thearfin zalunci na jaruntaka ba ya juya ga mijinta, amma ya hau zuwa AXIER, idan an yi la'akari da cewa "mai narkar da" maimaitawa kuma ya karya rudani da rudani.
Gobinya bai gano ba da dalilin cewa wannan Natalia ta ɗauki ƙaunataccensa daga gare ta. Gaskiyar ita ce Natalia ta kuma sani game da dangantakar soyayya tsakanin Assigdi da Grigory, amma na yi watsi da wannan gaskiyar kuma na aurar da gwarzo. Lokacin da Natalia ta zo Aksier tare da bukatar "ba da" mijinta, tana kiran gwarzon "violet pod."
Daga baya, duk da haka, axign yana canza launin girma, kuma ya koma ga matarsa. Natalia tana jin daɗin farin ciki har ma ta fara nuna sha'awar soyayya. Natalia an haife ta tagwaye, saurayi da budurwa, da kuma heroine ya ba da yara ga yara. Shekaru shida na haɗin gwiwar Gregory, Gregory na dame da Natalia, kuma bayan bayyanar yara daina yin bi da jarfa tare da ma'anar sa har ma da danganta da shi.
Koyaya, makomar mai ibada zuwa Natalia, kuma bayan wani lokaci ƙaunar abokantaka tsakanin Gregory da Akinhay walƙiya kuma. Natalia tana da ciki kawai idan ya sami labarin cewa miji ya sake komawa da mahaifiyarsa. Mai haƙuri Natalia ta fahimci cewa ba zai iya ci gaba da rayuwa gaba ba, kuma baya son ya haifi yara daga wani mutum wanda baya son ta. Mace ta yanke shawarar yin zubar da ciki da kuma warwatsa mijinta, karbe yara kuma ka tafi iyayensu da su. Koyaya, zubar da ciki yana wucewa ba tare da nasara ba, da Natalia ya mutu. An gama tarihin tarihin tarihin gwarzo.
Natalia Melekhova da Akinha Astakhova
Natalia kyakkyawar mace ce wacce take "a cikin shaidan ido." Heroine yana da kyau, tare da bakin ciki mai kumburi, amma Natalia ba ta da fracks da haske mai haske na farka, Migoria Melekhov na farka. Aksinya tana zaune tare da mijinta kusa da Melekhov. Wata rana, mijin Akangi ya tafi da kudade na soja, da kuma grigory Mealkhov nan da nan walƙiya tare da ƙaunar maƙwabta.
Axgasta ita ce babbar mace mai tawali'u wacce ba ta son kai ga mutane. Gregory da Akinhu sun hada da ikon nutse cikin ji da sha'awar yanayi. A cikin Aksier, fara mata da yawa, gwarzo ya fi kyau ga maza, sha'awar da ƙarfi. ASINYA ta mutu, harsashi mai sauri, a wasan karshe na Rome, lokacin da jaruman da ke ƙarƙashin murfin Morozovskaya ke nan. Bayan haka, ana nutsar da gwarzo a cikin bacin rai.
Natalia Gregory bai haifar da wani ji ba. Ko da a bikin aure, gwarzo ya biya ƙarin kulawa ga yadda baƙi suke zama a teburin, fiye da matasa amarya. Abun da aka makala zuwa matattarar halattacce tana farkawa cikin Gregory kawai bayan yara an haife su. Natalia kanta ta kasance ga mijinta da ibada da tausayawa, akwai a cikin dukkan biyayya da tawali'u, kuma a cikin halayyar hankali.
Garkuwa
Fim na farko shine "shuru donsa" da aka buga a 1930. Wannan fina-finai ne mai ban mamaki da fari, Filin Olga Preobrazhenkaya da Ivan da doka. Matsayin Natalia taka leda Raisa Luzhna. An fitar da fim ɗin da aka fito da shi ne kawai a cikin 1933.
A cikin 1958, wata 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mai ban sha'awa guda uku na "shuru don" an buga shi tare da wasan kwaikwayo Zinaiida Kiriyenko a matsayin NATalia. Filin ya harbe fim din Sergei Gerasimov akan fim din fim din Dexim Gorky na fim. Mikhail Sholokhov Faily duba kawai tef kawai ya gamsu, kodayake akwai wasu bambance-bambancen tsakanin fim da Roman. A cikin sunan akida, waɗanda aka cire su daga yanayin, inda "ja" ta nuna mugunta da rashin gaskiya, amma sun yi gishiri da yawa "fasali".
A cikin 2006, jerin "shuru don" daga takwas aukuwa sun fito. Wannan aikin haɗin gwiwa ne na Rasha, Babban Biritaniya da Italiya, an buga jerin a cikin Ingilishi. An cire shi da Darakta Sergey Boncharchuk. Matsayin Grigoria Melekhova ya cika ɗan wasan British Ruperett, wanda shawarar ta ban mamaki don buga wasan Cossack, amma a lokaci guda "mafarki" dangane da aiki. A cikin sigar Rasha, aikin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo maxim na Sukanov ya voiCed. Hoton Natalia a cikin jerin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan Sena Bonna Bonna Bonna Bonna Bondan-r, wanda ake kira wannan rawar da ya fi dacewa a cikin aikinsa.
An gudanar da harbi na jerin a Rasha da Ukraine, kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha da yawa dole ne su hanzarta Ingilishi. Wadannan kayan da aka saka a Italiya a cikin Studio Studio. Yi aiki a jerin an daskare saboda yawan shekaru saboda matsalolin matsalolin shari'a da darektan mutuwa.
A sakamakon haka, aikin ya zana da kuma hawa Fedor Bondarchukuk - Sergey Bondarchukuk, kuma a cikin 2006 jerin sun tafi allo. A cikin akida da na soja na labari a cikin jerin ana leveled. Hotunan mata sunyi watsi da su - masu-jihun suna tafiya tare da kai wanda ba a rufe shi ba kuma suna ɗaukar tursass, wanda a waɗannan ranakun an yi la'akari da shi.
A cikin 2015, wata jerin 'silent Don "ya fito, a wannan karon na Rasha daga manyan goma sha huɗu. Jerin sun cire Darakta Sergey Ursulak, rawar Natalia sun yi aikin Dria Ursulak. Hakanan ana rage zuwa wani abu mafi ƙarancin akida, babu mahimman al'amuran da jarumai don fahimtar makircin. An yi fim a kan bankunan Don, a ƙauyen Elansky, a cikin steppe da farantin kananan lober.