Tarihi
Aikin Nikolai Vasilyevich Gougol "Mai duba" ya musanta haruffan asali a cikin kowane zamani. A haruffan da suka bayyana marubucin an samu a cikin zamanin. Sabili da haka, wasan ban dariya ya zama sananne ga ƙarni biyu. Abubuwan da ke ciki suna gabatar da hotuna masu launi na jami'ai. Ya shugabantar kamfanin zai karɓi gwamnatin garin.Tarihin halitta
Aiki a kan mai duba ya fara ne a cikin talatin na karni na 19. A wannan lokacin, Gogol yayi aiki akan rubutun "Matattu sun mutu", a hankali yana aiki hotuna na jaruma. Marubucin ya tara kayan da suka sanya shi ya nuna gaskiyar Rasha a cikin wani aiki daban. Gogol bai yi la'akari da "nau'in" sa "ba. Koyaya, a wannan lokacin jama'a sun riga sun karanta "aure" kuma sun ɗauka wanda dabarun halayen marubucin.
A cikin halittar makircin wasan, Alexander Sergeevich Stverin ya halarci. Ya sake tunani a matsayin aboki acdote, wanda ya gano daga mai buga jaridar "Bayanan kula na jama'a". Lamarin da ya faru a taron wani ma'aikacin gwamnati da aka bayyana da mawana a launuka. Kazalika da shari'ar da ta faru da shi da kansa: Motsa ya karɓi mai binciken a Nozhgy Novgorood, inda marubucin ya tattara kayan don aiki na gaba.
Irin waɗannan yanayin ba sabon abu bane ga garuruwa masu gunduma, saboda haka Gogol ya ƙunshi ra'ayin "mai duba" a yamma da yamma na Zhakivsky. A cewar marubucin, zai je nuna cewa akwai mummunar da akwai a ofishin gudanarwa na jihar, kuma daga rai ya yi dariya. Satira, Dalili, Dalilin ya yi yaqi miyayya da rashin adalci - irin wannan ne manufar wasan. Premiere daga wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan ya faru a 1836.
Vasily Andrevich Zhukovsky dole ne ya nemi sarki game da haƙuri game da samarwa. A wasan kwaikwayon da aka kirkira a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Alexandrinsinsinskysk: 'Yan wasan suna jin tsoron wuce gona da iri da kuma taushi da sautin ruwa. Kawai ba da izini ta hanyar Ivan Sosnitsky ya wuce shirin wasan wasa.
Nicholas ni, wanda ya ga firist, ya yaba da izgili. Kunnawa ya fadi a cewar ta dandana, kuma an ci gaba da sanya ta sanya matakin wasan Rasha. Mai da hankali kan aikin, Gogol ya yi mulkin rubutun. An gabatar da sigar karshe a 1842.
Fegi
Anton Antononovich - Dmukhanovsky - wani mutum mai launin toka-da aka kai da kaifi da karfi, ci gaba da kitse. Kansa ya duba tsawon shekaru talatin da haihuwa a cikin hidimar. Hanyar da ta gina sana'a, wacce ta ba da izinin siyan gida ku sami fa'idodin ya yi daidai da matsayin, ya yi baƙon mutum da son kai. Ya yi nasarar rabuwa da mafi ƙasƙanci, tun daga abubuwan da suka shafi motsi daga ofis da namu don magance matsalolin gudanarwa.
Gingerbile tunanin fasalulluka fasali ne waɗanda suka nuna jami'ai a cikin aikin gwamnati. Kowane mutum da aka yi da kowa da mutane kamar yadda yake so da ganiya, suna amfani da post da matsayin. Maraba, yanayi wanda ma'aikaci ɗaya ya ba da cin hanci, kuma ɗayan ya yarda da shi, lalata - ga garin ɗabi'a na gundumar, wanda aka bayyana Gogol na gundumar.
Anton Antonpovich bai damu da aikinsa ba kuma an ɗanta ƙasar birni, amma makomarsa. Kuma daga ƙarshen ya tsaya a kan komai. Gingerbile ya san yankunan, yana jinkirta yadda za a iya bayyana shi cikin kuskure, kuma babban abin da zai rushe manajan a lokacin da zai yi barazanar makomar sa. An bayyana matsorar halartar lokacin da Bobchinsked da Dubchinsky da Dubchinsky da Dubchinsky da Mai duba ya kasance a garin Bobchinsky. Anton Antononovich yana fahimtar cewa yana da mahimmanci don samun madaidaitan bibobin, kuma a wannan yanayin ba shi daidai ba.
Mutumin farko a cikin birni, ya ɗauki cin hanci, da fasaha ya ba su. Sanin wane irin Rava ya kamata a saka, ya haifar da hoton mai taƙama. Khleshtakov yana da alama birnin yana kula da wasu kuma da ra'ayinsa ga wasu yana rawar jiki. Da alama Antononovich yana ci gaba don fa'idar jihar da kuma amfanin mutanensa. The ban dariya ne kamar yadda gwarzo ya ba da ladan, ya yi da'awar taken mai goyon baya. Halartar abin da ya faru a farkon, na biyu da na uku yana aiki, a halin na huɗu ba ya nan. Amma da tattaunawar ba ta zama mai tsaka-tsaki game da shi ba.
Halayyar gwarzo na Gogol ya samu daga bakin abokan aiki da 'yan ƙasa. Gruban da Cynic, mai son kai, mai siye mai siye da mai siye yana kiransa baƙi zuwa ribas, wanda ya zo neman taimako. Wakilan daban-daban Estates sun zo ga masoya, suna neman kariya. Yanayin da ake karɓa da ake karɓa yana jawo hoto mai cikakken bayani game da rayuwar birnin. Mai cin hanci, burbushin, iyali gaba da haɗi da haɗarin girbi anan.
Karshen bayanin hoton gully ya zama aiki na biyar, wanda gwarzo, ya hau da podium, yana tsakiyar al'amuran. A farkon aikin, yana tsammanin bayyanawa. Sannan ya ɗauki numfashi na biyu, wanda ya san cewa yana ƙarƙashin kariyar jagoranci, da kuma mafarkai yadda matarsa za ta zauna a St. Petersburg a matsayin dangi na mai duba. Aurenta mai riba na 'yarsa ya yi alkawarin nasarar kammala aikin garin.
A wannan lokacin, falsafar an gina na, wanda aka gina bibirin ya yi watsi da kewayen da ke kewaye da nasa, ƙari da mahimmancinsa. Girmama da raini sun fara kallon kowace kalma, kuma jami'ai suna kusan sunkuyar da Anton Antonpovich. Ana kula da gwarzon jaruntaka lokacin da aka san shi mai ban mamaki ya faru: mai binciken ya juya ya zama ba shi da ma'ana. Scam yana ɗaukar birnin, wanda yake masaka a al'amuran yaudarar yaudara. Asalin gwarzo ya bayyana a gaban jama'a cikin ɗaukakarsa.
Monology na gwarzo ya nuna yawan tuki da kuma imaninta. Abubuwan da aka ɗora da datti na jami'ai, amincewa da kai da imani da rashin jin daɗi, yana jaddada irin wannan hoton da kuma girman wannan hoton.
Garkuwa
Ayyukan Gogol tarihi ne mai wadatar zance. Mai binciken yana cikin wasan da ke yin tushen sauƙin wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki. A lokaci guda, samfurin ba shi da damar karbuwa. Kodayake, darakto suna amfani da makircin wasan fim na fim.
A shekara ta 1949, kashi na Henry ya harbe fim din dangane da aikin, inda aka sake amfani da makircin sake shi sosai, kuma an cire jarumai da yawa. Vladimir Petrov a 1952 gabatar da karatun classic karatun na wasan, wanda Yuri Tollayev ya taka leda. A cikin Lente Leonid Gaidi "Intersburg", harbe a 1977, Anatoly Papanov yayi magana a cikin wannan rawar.
Fim na Valentine polenk 1982 aikin wasan ajiyar gidan Satira na Moscow, inda hoton jami'in ya kwace shi ta hanyar acanov. Sergey Gazarov a shekarar 1996 An gayyaci Nikita Mikhalkov don yin aiki tare, yana nuna babi na Babi. Alexander Baranov a cikin tef "ranar wawa", inda aka dage da makircin da yake farkon farkon 2000s, ya gayyaci aikin goverobyova.