Tarihi
"Sama da abyss a cikin hatsin rai" shine shahararren aikin marubucin Amurka na Marubuci Jerome Sallerger. An buga Roman a cikin 1951. Babban halin shi wani saurayi ne mai saurayi ya riƙe Colfield. Matashi Buntar Swirts, rantsuwa da kuma gunaguni na jin zafi da aka samu ga bil'adama. A cikin shekarar farko bayan littafin, an raba littafin ta hanyar kewaya kwafi miliyan 60. Hoton na Asoiyal ya cire shi a saman mukamin.Tarihin halitta Halittar
Salinger ya ci gaba da ci gaba da kasancewa da kayan aikin da ke maimaita dalilin "akan abyss a hatsin". Wasu wurare da gajerun labarai sun shiga littafin, zama shugabanninta. Misali, "Riot mai sauƙi a Madisis-Avenue" yanzu littafin babi na 17. Daga wannan aikin, riƙe Colfieldpedped a shafi shafukan sanannen labari. A cikin labarin "mahaukaci" marubucin ya ba da alamu don wasu kyawawan al'amuran daga Noot.
Roman sa daga mai shela shekaru biyu kafin sakin. Saboda wasu dalilai, an tsare fitowar sa. The littafin da aka buga a 1951 ya zama alama ta rashin jituwa. Sunan mai riƙe da Colfield an kirkireshi daga kalmar, wanda aka fassara daga harshen turanci na nufin "zauna a filayen da aka zage su." Saurayi mai shekaru goma sha shida yana dakatar da jama'a kuma yana ƙoƙarin ware lambobin sadarwa tare da al'ummarsa.
"Sama da abyss na hatsin hatsin" shine aikin da aka yi da yaƙi yayin rikicewar al'umma. A kan labari ya ƙaryata sarkar trackprint. A cikin irin wannan rubuce-rubucen, gwarzo galibi suna fuskantar rikicin da ke cikin korafin ko kada su bayyana kansu da al'ummar zamani.
Mutane masu ban tsoro da rikice-rikicen mutane ba za su iya samun kansu ba. Ba su barin hanyar kansu, amma suna ci gaba da bata lokaci ba. Holden Colfield yana nufin yawan haruffa iri ɗaya. Bugu da kari, Sallinger ya bayyana a cikin labari da kuma tarihin rayuwar.
Riƙe m. Introvert, ya kasa yin fa'idodin nasa, saurayi ya rasa sandar ciki kuma tana neman goyon baya na ɗabi'a. Hero na jin zafi yana da girma. Ya sa duk abin da ke faruwa sosai da raɗaɗi. Matashin yana da alama ya san cewa ya san asalin rayuwa, don haka yana jin haushi, wanda ba a san shi ba don ilimin sirri. A ko'ina a ciki akwai madadin. Daga samfurori zuwa ji da ma'anoni.
Don komai abin da aka ɗauka, babu ɗayan da aka kawo ƙarshen. Mutumin baya ƙara rubuce-rubucen a makaranta kuma baya ƙoƙarin fassara ƙauna ta farko a cikin mummunan ji. Tambaya ta dindindin "Me yasa" looms a gaban sa, yana tilasta shi ya ƙi kowane aiki. Don riƙe, babu abin da ya sa hankali.
Roman "sama da maganin hatsin"
Aikin sigar tafiya ce ta matashi saurayi, tashi daga makaranta. Podnaping wasu kuɗi, mutumin ya yanke shawarar zama a otal kafin komawa gida ya kuma sa iyaye dama don tsira da firgita yayin rashi. Holden yana cikin yanayin watsuwa da jama'a da duniya. Guy ba shi da abokai na gaba.
Yana da m da kuma tuba da masu sha'awar hakan. Ana buƙatar shayarwar saurayi a cikin abin da zai haifar da sake dawo da dabi'u. Yana neman kamar zama manya, abin sha da hura, yana kula da "'yan matan mala'iku", amma ya isa ga wannan hanyar da ake so.
Wani ɗan gajeren rayuwa mai 'yanci idan babu zalunci na iyaye da malamai suna haifar da gaskiyar cewa yana haifar da gano abin da ba tsammani ba. Sai dai itace cewa yana da nauyi da lamiri, wanzuwar wanda bai san daidaito ba. Guy yana ba da aboki, sally, ku tsere. Amma, tuni ya sami ƙima, yarinyar tawaye.
'Yar uwarsa Phebebe ta shirya don Kasadar, kamar yadda ba ta yin tunani game da ɓangaren kamfanin na kamfanin. Holden ya fara fahimtar abin da kulawa take. Dole ne ya yi tunani a gaba da shirin. 'Yanci, wanda ya zama jarumi ya zo gare shi ta hanyar shawo kan flat. Gwajin farko ya zama nauyi. Mantawa game da nuna bambanci, tare da taimakon Phoebe Rike ya zo da tallafi, watsi da rashin fahimta da fara ƙauna.
Halaye na babban halayen na sabani. Hotonsa na ilimin halin dan Adam na iyayen yawancin matasa. Tare da duk audacity da ƙarfi, yana nuna alheri, dabijin, baiwa da ilimi. Yana da duniyar ruhaniya mai yawa.
Kyakkyawan fasali suna kusa da haushi da rashin ƙarfi. Guy mai tunani ya haifar da abubuwan da ke ciki na ciki tare da shi, suna jayayya game da surfada trifles da suka yi watsi da su. Kasancewa cikin musu tare da kansa, gwarzo yana ɗaukar tserewa.
Shine maƙaryaci ne neman sabuwar rayuwa. Duniyar Debuler, wanda aka riƙe ya tafi, ba ya yarda da shi ba. Rashin himma da kuma kasancewar da lamirin da ke haifar da sake tunani da tuba, wayar da kurakuransu. Mafarkin mai mafarkin, zai zama mai ɗaukar hoto ga rayukan yara waɗanda suka ƙare da probicice. Mutumin ya yi musu, ya rinjayi 'yar uwa kada ta kare gidan.
Sallinger ya bayyana rikice-rikicen da ke cikin halayyar halayyar da aka yi a yankin da ba a sani ba. Hero lokaci guda yana shimfiɗa ta mutane kuma ya ƙi su. Yana so ya yi girma da sauri, amma wuya makale a cikin canzawa shekaru. A bayan duk abin da ya gaji, kuma gaba ba shi da mahimmanci. Holden ganewar kadaici a matsayin mafita kuma a lokaci guda warware tambayoyinsa.
A karshe na Roman, saurayin ya dawo gidan. A cikin shirye-shiryensa, tafiya zuwa yamma. 'Yar'uwar' yar'uwar tana shirin tafiya tare da shi, kuma ta riƙe ta don neman hujjoji masu ma'ana ta hana ta. Yaron dole ne ya bar tsare-tsaren, wanda ya fahimci matakin rashin hankali. Shayin da marubucin ya bayyana a karshen babi na karshe yana fitar da cynicism na rike, spraying, cutarwa da zalunci daga rai. Don haka akwai gwarzo na salinger.
Garkuwa
Jerome Sallinger ya dakatar da allon labari "sama da ya tafi a kan Ruwa." A bayan izinin a gare shi, shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da darektan Hollywood an bi da su, amma amsar tana da ban sha'awa. Marubucin ya mutu a cikin 2010, kuma baya ba da samfurinsa zuwa ci gaba na cinematraphic ci gaba. Duk da wannan, ana amfani da dalilan babban rubutun saling na salerer akai-akai a cikin halittar fim.
Dustin Hoffman, tauraruwa a cikin 1967 a fim din Mike Nichols, "ya kammala karatun digiri," in ji cewa rawar da ta balaga. An kalli echoes na Sallinger Moves ana ganinta ne a cikin "tef na har abada". Wannan shi ne hoto na farko na Jim Jardumushe tare da Chris Parker a cikin jagorancin.
A cikin 2017, an fito da fim a kan hotunan da aka kira "don abyss na hatsin rai". Fayil Danny mai ƙarfi mai mahimmanci yana lura da ƙazanta. 'Yan wasan Kevin Spayey da Nicholas Holt an gayyace su zuwa babban aikin. Wannan shi ne lokacin tarihin rayuwar samchinger Jerome, barin tambayoyi daga masu sauraro da magoya bayan marubucin marubucin.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa
- A cikin lokacin daga 1960 zuwa 1980, "a kan abyss na hatsin hatsin" an haramta wa siyarwa a cikin kantin sayar da kantin kuma karanta cikin ɗakunan karatu na Amurka. Duk da haramcin, labari ya kasance koyaushe yana jin daɗin jama'a, kamar yadda aka bayyana tambayoyi na har abada.
- A cikin tunawa da gwarzo, wasu siffofin zane-zane sun ba da wasu ayyukan da ba a saba dasu ba, da taurari na zamani suna ƙawata jikinsu tare da jarfa alama. Don haka aka gyara masu yawa na ciki.
- A mafi yawan ayyukan fasaha da hotuna, inda ake nuna yanayin riƙewar yanayin yanayin, bayyanarsa yana da wuya bayyana, kamar yadda marubutan suke yiwa ɓarna. Amma sun ba da kyautar gwarzo na labari wanda ya fara farauta, wanda ya samu a New York.
- Salingerger ya rubuta wani labari a gaban. Kabi shida "sama da distille a cikin hatsin rai" an haife shi yayin yaƙe-yaƙe.
- A shekarar 1942, marubucin ya zo asibiti tare da cutar ta rushewar juyayi. Sensetarvity da motsin zuciyar da ya danganta da shi tare da riƙe da ruwa.